Isidakamizwa seDexamethasone, kwii-ampoules eziveliswe, ngumfanekiso owenziwe ngama-hormone, ahlanganiswa ngumbumba we-adrenal. Uluhlu lweengxaki kunye nezifo apho isilwanyana sisetyenzisiweyo. Isisombululo, ubude kunye nobude bolawulo buxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-pathology, iminyaka yesigulane kunye nesigaba sesifo.
Iyintoni injongo yeDexamethasone kwi-ampoules?
Isiza kule fomu, oogqirha basebenzisa xa kukho isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuzalisa i-hormone egazini. Ingcali kuphela inokumisela i-Dexamethasone, izibonakaliso zokusetyenziswa kwezi zilandelayo:
- Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-endocrine: ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-correl ye-adrenal ye-acute hlobo, uhlobo olusisiseko kunye nolwesibini lwe-insufficiency, u-congenital hyperplasia we-adrenal cortex, i-thyroiditis ngendlela elula.
- Iimeko zokutshatyalaliswa komzimba - ukutshisa, ukunyamekela, ukutyhefuza umzimba (ngaphandle kokungaphumeleli kwezidakamizwa ze-vasoconstrictor, ama-substitutes ase-plasma)
- I-Edema yengqondo ngenxa ye-tumor, i-TBI, ukuhlinzwa, ukunyunyuza, i-meningitis.
- Isimo se-Asthmatic - i-spasm ebizwa ngokuba yi-bronchi, i-bronchitis engapheliyo .
- Tshutshisa iAnaphylactic .
- Acerm dermatosis .
- Izifo ezimbi: unyango lwe-leukemia, i-lymphoma.
- Izifo zegazi - i-hemolytic, i-agranulocytosis. Ngokuqhelekileyo wasebenzisa iDexamethasone yokuphakamisa i- leukocytes .
Dexamethasone kuCwangciso loKhulelwa
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isilwanyana sinokufumaneka kwiluhlu lokuqeshwa kwabamama abalindele. Ngelo xesha, abafazi ngokwabo banomdla oogqirha, apho bamisela iDexamethasone ekucwangciseni ukukhulelwa. Injongo ephambili elandelwa ngamagqirha yonyango lwe-hyperadromia. Le ngxaki ibonakala ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kuma-hormone esini esilisa egazini lomfazi. Oku kuphulwa kukuthintela ukuqala kokuzala, kwaye xa kwenzeka - umngcipheko wokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuqala kwaye ukuphazamiseka kokukhulelwa ngexesha elifutshane linyuka.
Dexamethasone ekukhulelweni
Kwiimeko ezininzi kwaye emva kokuqala kokuzala, abafazi bayaqhubeka bathatha iDexamethasone kuma-ampoules, kodwa kwinqanaba eliphantsi. Oogqirha balumkisa umzimba malunga nokukhupha isisu ngokukhawuleza ngokumalunga nemvelaphi yokwanda kwee-androgens. Nangona kunjalo, iDexamethasone yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo nayo ingabhalwa ezinye izifo:
- Umngcipheko ophezulu wokubeleka kwangaphambi kwexesha - isilwanyana senza ukuba kuhlonywe kwangaphambili kwemiphunga yomntwana, okwenza umntwana afumaneke.
- Ubukho kwintsapho yonina weenzalwane ezinokuphulwa ngokuzalwa-ukungabi namahomoni e-correnx ye-adrenal.
- Ubunzima, ukukhulelwa kokusongela ubomi: ukuphazamiseka okukhulu, ukuphazamiseka, ukuguquka, izifo ze-rheumatic.
Dexamethasone kubantwana
Isiza seDexamethasone sinokumiselwa ukuba unyango lwabantwana - zombini iintsana kunye nabantwana abadala. Ukukhethwa kwesilinganiso, ubude kunye nobude bokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kwenziwa ngamnye. Phakathi kokuphulwa okusemandleni, apho uDexamethasone ingasetyenziselwa abantwana, kubalulekile ukuhlula:
- tshutshisa i-anaphylactic;
- i-edema ye-cerebral ngenxa yexinzelelo, i-meningitis, i-tumor;
- umsebenzi owanelisayo we-correnx ye-adrenal;
- inetyhefu, utshise ukutshitshiswa;
- Sesifo sikaCrohn ;
- isilitis;
- glomerulonephritis;
- i-hemolytic anemia;
- leukemia.
I-Dexamethasone - ingqinisiso yokusetyenziswa
I-Dexamethasone kwi-ampoules ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa rhoqo. Kukho inani leengxaki kunye nezifo apho isilwanyana singavunyelwe ukusetyenziswa. Ukunikezelwa kwesi sici, akuvumelekanga ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zeDexamethasone, ukuchasene nokusetyenziswa kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
- i-hypersensitivity kumacandelo ngamnye eziyobisi;
- izifo zefungal;
- i-amoebic;
- iinkqubo ezithathelwanayo kumalungu kunye nakwii-tissue ezidibeneyo;
- isifo sofuba ngesimo esisebenzayo;
- ixesha elingaphambi kokusungulwa kwamagciwane okukhusela, kwaye emva kokuphunyezwa kwazo;
- i glaucoma;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo zamehlo.
Imiphumo emibi yeDexamethasone
Ngokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kweziyobisi zeDexamethasone, iziphumo ezibi ziyabonakala. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukubonakala kwazo kubangelwa ukungahoywa iingcebiso zegqirha okanye ukusetyenziswa ngokuzimeleyo kweyeza. Ii-injini zeDexamethasone, ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuya kuxutyushwa ngezantsi, ngokukhawuleza kubangele umphumo wolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Kulo nxalenye yenkqubo ye-endocrine - uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela steroid, ukunciphisa amandla okulawula umzimba, ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-adrenal, i-Itenko-Cushing syndrome, ukulibaziseka ekufikeni kwentsha.
- Kwisabelo senkqubo yokutya - isisonguluko, ukuhlanza, isilonda sesisu esiswini, i-pancreatitis, ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini, ukunciphisa okanye ukwandisa ukutya, ukunyuka kwamanzi, ukunyaniseka.
- Ukususela kwinkqubo ye-cardiovascular system - i-arrhythmia, i-bradycardia, ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo, ukwanda kwengcinezelo yegazi, i-hypercoagulable (ukwanda kwegazi).
- Inkqubo yokukhathazeka - ukuphazanyiswa, ukunyamezela, ukuvuthwa kwengqondo, i-psychosis, i-paranoia, ukunyuka kwengcinezelo, ukukhathazeka, ukuxhalaba, ukulala, ukuxhalaba.
- Kwinqanaba le-musculoskelet system - ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokukhula kunye ne-ossification, i-myalgia, i-muscle spasm, ubuthathaka, ukukhathala.
Dexamethasone - isicelo
Ukunika izigulane zeDexamethasone kwi-ampoules, indlela yokulawula (isingeniso) sonyango ugqirha ugqiba, ngokwemiqathango. Oku kuqwalasela isivinini esifanelekileyo ukufezekisa impembelelo yokwelapha. I-regimen isistim kwaye sixhomekeke kwisimo somguli kunye nempendulo kwonyango oluqhubekayo. Isilwayo sinokujozwa nge-intramuscularly, intravenously drip and jet. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukulawulwa kwendawo kwipilisi kwimfundo yengqondo. Abadlali bebhola bangasebenzisa iDexamethasone ukufumana ubunzima.
IDexamethasone i-intramuscularly
Isilwanyana sisetyenziswe ngokungqongqo kwimimiselo yonyango. Kwi-muscle, i-Dexamethasone yesirya ijojowe ngokukhawuleza, ngaphezu kobude obude benaliti. Umyinge uboniswa ngugqirha kwaye ubalwa ngamnye. Isiza lingalawulwa kwi-4-20 mg 3-4 amaxesha ngosuku. Iqondo elilodwa eliphezulu elilodwa labantu abadala lingama 80 mg. Ngexesha elide lokwelapha ukugcina impembelelo efezekileyo, ichiza lilawulwa kwincinci encinci - 0.2-9 mg. Ubungakanani benkqubo yeyeza unyango lweentsuku ezingama-3-4, emva koko eso sizaziso siyaqhubeka sithathwa ngomlomo.
Dexamethasone - Dropper
Ngokungahambisani naso, isilwanyana sinolawulo lweengxaki ezinzima ezifuna unyango. Ukuze ulungiselele isisombululo sokubhukuda, isisombululo se-isotonic sodium chloride okanye isisombululo se-dextrose se-5%. Xa kuqeshwe izidakamizwa zeDexamethasone, umyinge ukhethwe ngabanye. Kwimilinganiselo emikhulu, iyeza lilawulwa kuphela kwimeko yesigulane. Oku kuthatha iiyure ezingama-48-72. Isilinganiso esisodwa seDexamethasone kwi-ampoules sinokufikelela kuma-20 mg kwaye sinokulawulwa ukuya kumaxesha amane ngosuku. Iyeza linyuka ngokukhawuleza.
IDexamethasone yokufumba
Ngenxa yale njongo, isilwanyana sisetyenziswa kwi-bronchospasm enzima. Isiqulatho se-1 buloule seDexamethasone sichithwa ngo-20-30 ml yesisombululo somzimba. Umxube obangelwayo uthululwa kwi-inhaler kwaye isetyenziselwa inkqubo. Ubungakanani bonyango olulodwa alufanele kudlule imizuzu eyi-10. Inani leenkqubo nganye ngosuku kunye nobude bekhosi yonyango lusekwe ngugqirha, oluqwalasela uhlobo lwesifo, isigaba sayo, ubunzima beklinikhi yomfanekiso, ubukho okanye ukungabikho kwempawu ezongezelelweyo.
Kuphi ukugcina i-dexamethasone kwi-ampoules?
Ngokwemiyalelo ezayo nekiti, isisombululo seDexamethasone kufuneka sigcinwe kwiqondo lokushisa okungenani +25 degrees. Kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo emnyama, engenakufikeleleka kumntwana. Ubomi beShelf yefom ye-injection yesilwanyana yiminyaka emi-5. Emva kokuvula ipakethe, isilwanyana kwiipilisi kunye ne-potassium yeso kufuneka isetyenziswe kwisithuba seentsuku ezingama-28. Ampoules angagcinwa phantsi kwezi meko zingentla zize kube umhla oboniswe kwiphakheji yeyeza.
Dexamethasone - analogs in ampoules
Ngokuphuhliswa kwempendulo, ukungakwazi ukusetyenziswa kwesi sidakamizwa ngenxa yemiphumo emibi, amayeza afanayo anokumiselwa. Uninzi lwazo luqukethe i-dexamethasone efanayo, kodwa izinto ezincedisayo zihlukile. Izigulane ezingafanelekanga kwi-dexamethasone, iifaneli ziyakunikwa ezi zilandelayo:
- Dexamed;
- Megadexan;
- Dexazone;
- Maxidex;
- Dexapos.
Njengezinye iindlela zingasetyenziswa ngamachiza eqela le-glucocorticoids:
- Hydrocortisone;
- Budesonide;
- IMetetasone.