IsiShiitake ngesiJapan sithetha "i-mushroom ekhulayo kwisihlahla se-shia". Igama lesiLatin lale fungus yiLentinula edodes. Njengawo onke ama-mushroom (siyawaqokelela ehlathini, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo awukhumbuli ukuba isikhunta singumkhuhlane, asinakukukhumbula ngokungaqhelekanga), i- shiitake ibhekisela kwi-basidiomycetes - i-fungi, enegumbi elikhethekileyo apho i-spores ikhula-basidia.
Ekudleni, i-cap isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, kuba umlenze unamandla kwaye unzima. Lawa ma-mushroom asetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuphekeni kwempuma, yaye ngoku kutshanje baye banqoba amaqonga aseYurophu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba i-fungus emnyama (ebizwa nangokuthi yi-shiitake) kwaye ingafumaneka kwiindawo zaseYurophu naseRashiya, yinto eyomileyo, nangona ikhutshwe ngokulula kwiimeko ezenzekelayo.
Shiitake - okuhle nokubi
I-fungus emnyama ayisetyenziswanga kuphela kwezobugcisa bezolimo eMpuma, kodwa nakwiyeza zesiTshayina neJapan. Iipropati ezisebenzayo zamakhowa ase-shiitake zaziwa ngabapilisi ngethuba lolawulo lukaMing Dynasty (1368-1644 AD), ngoko bekukholelwa ukuba le fungus ihlala yandisa ulutsha, iyandisa amandla amakhulu, ihlambulule igazi. Abaphili baseTshayina basebenzise kwizifo zendlela yokuphefumula, izifo zesibindi, ukungabikho kwesondo. Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kwamakhowa e-shiitake kumzimba womntu kuqinisekiswa zifundo zesayensi zenzululwazi zaseJapan. Ngoko kwi-University of Purdue (eTokyo) ngo-1969, uDkt. Ikekawa wafumanisa umsebenzi we-antitumor we-extractum ye-shiitake, awayeyijoba kwiigundane ezitheleleke nge-sarcoma. Ngexesha lovavanyo olusuka kumfucu omnyama, i-polysaccharide, egama linguLininine (elivela kwigama lesiLatini elithi shiitake), lalingekho. Okwangoku, i-lentinan isongezelelo sokutya esiphilayo esetyenziswayo ekuthintela nasekunyangeni izifo ze-oncological.
Ukongeza kwimisebenzi yokulwa ne-tumor, ii-mushroom ze-shiitake ziqukethe iiprotheyini ezininzi, zivumela ukubunjwa kwe-amino acid, mhlawumbi, kuphela kwiifungi ezimhlophe. Nangona kunjalo, umxholo we- vitamin D shiitake ngumqhubi ongenakulinganiseki - kwi-fungus emnyama yale vithamini ingaphezu kwesibindi sekhodi.
Enyanisweni, kubalulekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba, nangona zonke iindleko ezenziwa yi-shiitake kumzimba womntu, akukacetyiswa ukuba kusetshenziswe ngabasetyhini abakhulelweyo nabasetyhini nabantwana abangaphantsi kwamahlanu. Ukongeza, kufuneka kugwenywe. I-Shiitake inokubangela ukuba isisombululo siphephe.