Iminquma isisityalo senkcubeko kuwo wonke amazwe aseMeditera, kubantu abaninzi base-Yurophu yaseMntla naseNyakatho Afrika, umthi womnquma ungumqondiso wempilo nobomi obude. Ilizwe lemiqhamo yiGrisi, apho kukho umlando wokuthi iminqumo iwanikezele uothixokazi wobulumko nobulungisa buka-Athena.
Iintlahlela zomthi womnquma zivelisa enye yezona zixhobo zoncedo zemifuno kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulondolozwa kweminqumo kunye neminqumo. Inzuzo kunye nokulimala kwemifuno eminquba ixhomekeke ngokuyinhloko kwindlela yokucwangcisa iziqhamo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezithako zamakhemikhali kwindlela yokupheka.
Iintlobo zemifuno yemifuno kunye neminqumo
Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba, ngokuchasene nembono okhoyo, iminquma neminquma yimiqhamo yomthi owodwa, eqokelelwa kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zokukhula. Imifuno emifino isundu isuswa kumasebe afom, kwaye imivuno emnyama yavunyelwa ukuba ikhule emthini. Ubukhulu, umbala kunye nobukhulu bombala weminqumo kuxhomekeke kumhlobo womthi, izinga lokukhula kunye nendlela yokulondoloza. Ukubunjwa kunye neepropati zemifuno yeminquma kunye neminquma ye-olives ayifani ngokuhlukileyo kwaye inempawu ezifanayo.
Ngelishwa, akusiyo yonke imifuno emnyama isithelo esivuthiweyo somthi womnquma, abakhiqizi abaninzi banikela unyango lweekhemikhali kwiziqhamo eziluhlaza, emva koko zivelisa imveliso ngaphandle kunye neentlobo ezifana neziqhamo ezivuthiweyo. Kuphela izibonelelo zemihlobiso yemifino enamathanga enokuthi ingabaza kakhulu.
Imifuno emitsha inomdla oqinileyo wobukrakra, owawusoloko ulahlwa yinto eninzi yolwandle. Ngolu unyango, iivithamini, ukulandelela izinto kunye neenzuzo zemifuno yeminquma kunye neminquma yemihlaba igcinwa kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukukhetha iminquma nemifuno evenkile, kuyafaneleka ukuthobela ingqalelo kumenzi. Iimveliso zamabakala aziwayo asebenzisa uhlobo olutyebileyo lokugcoba kunye neendlela zendalo zokucwangcisa zihlala zibiza indleko.
Xa kuthengwa imifuno emnyama, kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo zokuphawula:
- iminquma, evuthiweyo emthini, inobungakanani obukhulu kunemiqhamo eluhlaza eluhlaza;
- ukubonakala kwemifino emnyama eyenziwe ngokusetyenziswa kwezinto zendalo kufana neziqhamo emva kokukhwela kweekhemikhali ngokukhawuleza kunye nokucafa, imifuno yemvelo ayinayo isikhumba esiluhlaza kwaye esicwebezelayo, sinyanzele kwaye sinzima;
- Umbala wemifuno yemvelo ayikho emnyama emnyama, ngamanye amaxesha amanqabana anobuninzi angabonakali;
- ukuba iileyile yemifuno enomthi ibonisa ukuxhaswa kokutya E 579 (isinyithi gluconate), oku kuthetha ukuba zenziwe ngepiki.
Iipropati ezisetyenziswayo zemifuno ekhusiweyo
Into ephambili yindlela amafutha omnquba angayiluncedo ngayo, oku kubunjwa kwawo, okubandakanya ezininzi zamaminerali kunye nezondlo ezincedo kwimpilo. Ngomdaka wendalo kwiintlahlela zomthi womnquma, bonke ubutyebi babo bendalo bagcinwa:
- iziphumo ezinamafutha azalisiweyo, ezinokubangela ukuvuselela, ukuvuselela, ukubuyisela kwakhona nokuphucula impilo, iziphumo zabo ezincinci ziqulethwe kwioli yeoli, kodwa kwisiqhamo sesinqwanqwa sinexabiso elaneleyo;
- i-fiber yokutya, inokuxhamla kwi- metabolism kunye nomsebenzi we-digestive system;
- isakhiwo esisityebi samaminerali - i-sodium, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-magnesium, isinyithi, i-zinc, i-selenium, i-manganese, i-calcium, ithusi;
- uluhlu olubanzi lwevithamini ze-B, i-vitamin E yobutsha, iivithamini C, A, PP, i-choline, i-beta-carotene.
Umxholo we-caloric wemifuno ekhutshiwe yi-145 kcal, iolives - 115 kcal. Ngokusetyenziswa ngendlela eyiyo kunye nokukhetha okulungileyo, ezi mveliso zinokuzalisa ngokugqithiseleyo ukungabikho kwezixhobo ezincedo emzimbeni, ukuqinisa imfutho, izifo zethambo kunye nezihlunu, ukuphucula ukutya kunye nokucebisa ukutya .
Umonakalo weminquma yemi-oli iyakwazi ukuzisa abantu abanezifo zesifo kunye nokunyameka ukukhukhumeza. Oku kubangelwa ukuba baqulethe ixabiso elincinci leetyudi. Izondlo azicebisi ukuthengwa kwemifuno ngeefom ehlukeneyo, njengoko ubomi belolu hlobo lwezinto ezinjalo kunye nokukhuseleko lwe-vitamin-mineral composition are lower.