Amagama amaninzi asetyenziswa kwihlabathi lanamhlanje ayethetha intsingiselo eyahlukileyo, kodwa emva kwexesha baqala ukufihla ezinye iinkalo. Ezi ziquka ingcamango "ye-ostracism", eyaqala ukusetyenziswa kwiGrisi yamandulo.
Yiyiphi i-ostracism?
Ekuqaleni, igama elithi "i-ostracism" lithetha i-shell okanye i-shard, eyayisetyenziswe ukuvota kwi-Athene yamandulo. Ukuqonda ngokucacileyo oko kukuthengwa kwezinto, kubalulekile ukubheka encinane kwimbali. Ngaloo mihla, amaGrike avota ngawo nawuphi na umcimbi kwaye ukuba umntu wezopolitiko, kwimbono yoluntu, inobungozi kwintando yesininzi, ngoko abantu banquma isigqibo sakhe. Abantu babhala kwi-shards (izithambiso) igama lomntu onobuchule obungafanelekanga. Ukuba ubuncinane ubuncinane bamavoti angama-6,000 aqokelelwe, loo mntu wachithwa kwaye wagxothwa kwiphondo iminyaka eyi-10.
Inkcazo - ingqondo
Iingcali kwiinkalo zengqondo zifunda ngokucophelela ngesihloko senkcenkcesha, kuba ineziphumo ezinzulu. Ngeli gama baqonde ukugatywa okanye ukugqitywa ngokupheleleyo komntu ngabantu abakujikelezile. Ngenxa yoko, "ixhoba" alikwazi ukuqonda imfuneko yalo yobulungu kwiqela elithile. Ukwahlula kwengqondo kwindlela yokulawula ukuziphatha kwezentlalo.
Xa ubonisa ukunganakwa, umntu unemimoya embi kunye nokugwenxa. Ingaba wenza iinzame zokubuyisela ukudibanisa nabantu, okanye ukuyeka ukunxibelelana ngokupheleleyo. Ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni i-ostracism ithetha, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba indlela eqhelekileyo yokubonakalisa kwayo iyathula. Omnye umzekelo ukukhishwa komntu ongena kwinkampani entsha, okanye incwadi engaphendulwanga.
Iintlalo zentlalo
Ukuba sijonge le ngcamango evela kwimimiselo yoluntu, ngoko sinokuthi i-ostracism ingazibonakalisa kuyo yonke indawo apho abantu baxubana khona. Ukugqithisa i-ostracism ingaba ngumntwana wesikolo ohluke ngandlela-thile kubafundi abaninzi okanye wenza into enyanyekayo. Ukungayithobeli kubonakala emsebenzini, xa abasebenzi bengamkeli umqeshwa omtsha okanye bayeke ukuthetha nomntu obonakele kangcono okanye watshela umphathi malunga nokulahlekelwa koogxa. I-Ostracism ibonakala ngokucacileyo entolongweni phakathi kwamabanjwa okanye emkhosini.
I-OSTRAKISM KWENKQUBO YAMANZI
Ngelishwa, uluntu lwanamhlanje lubonakalisa ubukhohlakali balo abantu abonisa "ukulahla". I-OSTRAKISM ngexesha lethu lijongene neengozi enkulu, kuba abanye abantu abanomdla obuthathakayo bayawuba nesigwebo esibuhlungu esinokubangela ukuba benze izenzo zokukhawuleza baze baqhube nokuzibulala . Kwezinye iimeko, i-ostracism idibaniswe nokuqina.
I-Ostracism - imvelaphi ye-mobbing
Ukwenqatshwa nokungahoywa komntu kuluntu kwaba sisiseko sokubonakala kwe- mobbing , apho umntu eqonda isimo sengqondo somntu womntu okanye iqela labantu kuye komnye umntu emsebenzini. Injongo 'yentshutshiso' kukuzisa umntu ukuba axoshe ngokuzithandela. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuxhaphaza: ukuhleka, ukugxeka, ukuthuka, ukuchasana, ukukhwaza, ukulimaza izinto kunye nokunye. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-mobbing ingozi nje kuphela kwengqondo, kodwa kwimpilo yenyama.
Ukucima iinqununu kungabangela izizathu ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, kuzo zonke iintyala zikhuphiswano oluqatha. Abaphandi baqhuba uvavanyo kwaye bafumanisa ukuba abantu abanomntu obuthathaka okanye abantu abangatshatanga bavame ukunyanzeliswa. Ukubhukuda kunemiphumo emibi, ngoko, ngokomzekelo, eSweden kuvinjelwe ngokomthetho. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafakazela ukuba kwi-76% yeziganeko, abantu abahlazekile emsebenzini bafumana uxinzelelo olubi kunye nemiphumo. Izibalo ezibuhlungu zibonisa ukuba i-10% yokuzibulala ngenxa yokuzibulala.