Ngethuba lokuqala eli gama lisetyenziswe ngudokotela waseFransi uJanet ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Le ngcali yaqaphela ukuba kubantu abathile isicwangciso seengcamango sinokuvela ngokwahlukileyo kumntu nangenxa yakhe. Okwangoku, eli gama lichaza ezintathu izinto eziphambili kunye nokufunda kwabo kubandakanya iingqondo zeengqondo kunye neengqondo.
Ingxaki ye-dissociative yesazisi
Le meko ivela kwiimeko ezininzi, kubandakanywa uxinzelelo kunye namava amaninzi. Ngokutsho kophando, ingxaki yesazisi ivela kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana, izigulane ezingaphezu kwama-90% zithi kwiminyaka yokuqala ubudala zaxhaswa ngogonyamelo, zingakhathalelekanga, azive zikhuselekile. Ukubonisa iimpawu zesi sifo akunakwenzeka ngokukhawuleza, ngokuqhelekileyo intlungu, eyona ndlela yokuqala kunye nokuqala kweempawu ezibonakalisiweyo zexesha lide kude kwiminyaka eyi-10-20. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abadala bahlala befuna ukunceda.
I-dissociative ubuntu disorder - iimpawu
Kukho imiqondiso emininzi yesi sifo, kwaye eziphambili ezivela kuloluhlu zihambelana nezo zivela kwezinye izifo zengqondo. Ngoko ke, akunakwenzeka ukucacisa i-dissociative syndrome ngokuzimeleyo, kuphela ugqirha unokukwazi ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa uluhlu lweempawu luyafanelekile ukwazi, ngokubanzi kunye ngokwahlukileyo ukuba luphawu lokuba kufuneka ufune ngokukhawuleza uncedo. Kukulungele ukulinda, ukuba umhlobo uvele:
- I-memory dips okanye i-amnesia enye yezona zibonakaliso ezicacileyo zengxaki ye-dissociative disorder.
- Intloko, iimvakalelo ezingathandekiyo emzimbeni, kodwa uviwo lwezonyango alubonakali naziphi na iingxaki zomzimba.
- Ukuxhomekeka. Umntu uthetha ngaye kumntu wesithathu okanye ubuninzi. Udibanisa ngokukhawuleza iziganeko zobomi bakhe kunye naye, uthi uvakalelwa kukuba ukhangele ngaphandle, kwaye akayithathi nxaxheba kuloo mcimbi.
- Amaxesha omsebenzi athatyathwa ngokungahambi, ukunganakwa nokungafuni ukutshintsha into ethile.
- Ukwenziwa komsebenzi. Izinto eziqhelekileyo, iimpahla kunye nabantu babonakala bengaqhelekanga, ngaphambili bengabonakali.
Multiple syndrome
Leli igama lesibili lesi sifo, lisetyenziswe ngokusesikweni kakhulu, kodwa liyaziwa kakhulu kwi-townfolk kunelo mthethweni. Umntu omntu uthetha ukuba umntu unelungelo elingaphezulu kweyodwa, kodwa ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Okuphambili, oko kukuthi, ekhona kwasekuqaleni, ineendlela zayo zokuziphatha, kodwa ukuqonda nokufumana imemori kwimizuzu ethile ebomini. Ngoko ke, kukho ukusilela kwiinkkumbulo, ngeli xesha, umntu ulawula i-ego yesibini.
Dissociative amnesia
Oku akukho ukulibala okuqhelekileyo, okuqhelekileyo. I-amnesia yengqondo ayibangelwa yinyani yezinto eziphilayo, ukubonakala kwayo kubangela imeko ephazamisayo enxulumene noxinzelelo olunzima. Ngethuba lokubonakaliswa kweempawu, umntu akayikhumbuli iinqununu ezinkulu zobomi bakhe, akanakutsho ukuba ungubani, oko wakwenzayo. Kwimiba yeeklinikhi ezininzi, kuchazwa ukuba isiguli asingazi into eyenzeka kuye kwiveki okanye ngenyanga, iziganeko zeli xesha zichithwe ngokupheleleyo.
I-dissociative disorder ingabonwa ngempawu:
- umntu akakwazi ukuthetha oko wakwenza ngeeyure eziliqela, apho wayekho;
- Umhlobo uthi akabonanga mntu, kodwa abanye abantu bathi le ntlanganiso yayiyiyo;
- umntu ubiza indawo eyaziwayo ngabantu abangaqhelekanga, kubonisa ukuba ulapha okokuqala, nangona oku akunjalo.
I-fugue yengqondo
Enye into ehambelana nesi sifo. Ubonakala ekutshintsheni okungalindelekanga okanye utshintsho lokuhlala ngokusisigxina, ehamba kunye nefuthe elipheleleyo lobuntu bakhe, umntu utshintsha igama lakhe, umsebenzi, intlalo yoluntu. Izibonakaliso zangaphandle zokubonakala kwesi siqhamo zichaneke kakhulu. Ukuze uqaphele ukuqala kokuguquka kokuziphatha ekuqaleni kwenkqubo, kuphela isifo sengqondo esinamava amaninzi angasebenza. U-Amnesia uhambelana nombuso we-amnesia.
I-fugue ye-dissociative - imizekelo:
- Ngowe-1887 umfundisi onesinina Ukutshisa, wasusa yonke imali yakhe ebhankini, wangena kwisithuthi waza washiya isikhokelo esingaziwa. Emva kwexesha elithile, kwisixeko esasihluke ngokupheleleyo, umninimzi waseBrown, waphaphama phakathi kobusuku waza waqala ukubiza abamelwane abamemezayo, wathi yena wayengumthengisi, wayengazi ukuba ulapha. Kwavela ukuba oku kuBurn, owaye walahleka ixesha elithile.
- Ngowe-1985, intatheli uRoberts yanyamalala ngokukhawuleza. Ukukhangela kwakhe kwaqhubeka iminyaka engama-12, emva koko wafunyanwa e-Alaska, nangona lona wesifazane wayebiza ngokuba igama lakhe nguDi, wayesebenza njengomqambi kwaye wayenabantwana abane. Kodwa izifo zengqondo zigwebe ukuba le ntombazana isesimo se-fugue kunye ne-amnesia.
Ukuxinezeleka kweDissociative
Umntu akanandaba, akafuni ukwenza nantoni na, wenqaba ukuthatha uxanduva lokuphila kwakhe. Ukuziphatha kwe-dissociative kubonakala kwiintlungu zokulala, izikhalazo zobusuku bokulala. Ukuba imeko ihlala ngaphezu kweeveki ezingama-2-3, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nangoko ugqirha wakho, ngokukhawuleza oku kwenziwayo, phezulu amathuba okuthatha imeko ngokukhawuleza. Kubalulekile ukulandelelana nokuzibulala , nayo ingabonakaliswa.
Dissociative stupor
Oku kuphulwa kwemisebenzi yemoto, le mpawu ibangelwa kuphela ngezinto ze-psychogenic. Isimo se-dissociative yesigulane ngexesha lokugqithisa kulula ukuphawula, umntu ukhululeka kwisimo esinye kwaye akaphendulelanga kwisistim esangaphandle. Xa ehlaselayo, kufuneka ubize i-ambulensi, awuyi kukwazi ukukhupha umthandwa wakho ngaphandle kwintlungu, akayiva intlungu.
I-dissociative ubuntu disorder disorder
Namhlanje isetyenti seendlela esetyenziswayo. Isigulane sichazwe imithi elawula ingxaki ye-dissociative ye-psyche, musa ukuvumela umntu ukuba aye kwelinye ihlabathi, aphunyuke kuye. Ngaphandle kwezi nyathelo, isigulane sivakashele umgqirha, kuba kubalulekile ukuba athethe kwaye abuyisele kwakhona imeko ephazamisayo ebangela ukuqala kwesi sifo.
I-dissociative disorder iphathwa ngokude kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo inkqubo ithatha iminyaka engama-3-5, kodwa izazinzulu ziphuhlisa zonke iindlela ezintsha, ngoko ke ithemba lokumisa ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka kwiphondo landa ngonyaka. Njengamanje, unyango lwezobugcisa lusetyenziswa, ukutyelela iintsapho kwiingcebiso zengqondo kunye neeseshoni, nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiitheyibhile ezijikelezayo kunye nokuqeqesha abantu abanjalo.