I-pathology apho intliziyo, nangayiphi na isizathu, iyeka ukupompa igazi ngamandla aqhelekileyo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-heart failure (CHF) - ixhaphake ngokuqhelekileyo kwizigulane ezigugile. Ngenxa yokuba intliziyo, njengepompo ephosakeleyo, ayikwazi ukuphefumula ngokupheleleyo igazi, zonke izitho zomzimba kunye nezicubu ziqala ukufumana ukungalungi kokubili i-oxygen kunye nezondlo.
Iimpawu zePhepheli yeNtliziyo engapheliyo
Xa i-CHF ibonakala ngezikhalazo malunga:
- ukuphefumula okufutshane ;
- ukutshiza rhoqo;
- intlungu kwi-hypochondrium efanelekileyo;
- ukukhathala okukhulu;
- i-cyanosis yomlomo, iminwe, iinzwane;
- i-edema (iindawo eziphantsi kakhulu).
Oogqirha bamkela udidi olulandelayo lwesifo esingapheliyo senhliziyo, esibonakalisa ubunzima be-pathology:
- I FC (isigaba esisebenzayo) - isigulane sikhokelela kwindlela yokuphila yokuphila, kungekhona ukukhawulela umsebenzi wakhe; ayinayo i-dyspnea kunye nobunzima obuphantsi kwimiqathango evamile.
- I-FC FC - isigulane sinomuzwa onzima ngexesha lokuzikhandla ngokomzimba (intliziyo yokukhawuleza, ubuthathaka, i-dyspnea), ngenxa yoko kufuneka iyanciphise; ekuphumleni, umntu uziva ekhululekile.
- I-FC FC - isigulane sininzi kwindawo yokuphumla, i-tk. nokuba imithwalo encinci ibangela isifo se-syndrome yezifo ezingapheliyo.
- I-IV FC - nangona ekuphumleni isigulane siqala ukuziva sidangele; Umthwalo omncinci kuphela ukwandisa ukungakhululeki.
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo esingapheliyo senhliziyo
Ngokubanzi, i-CHF yiphumo lokungahoywa unyango lweengxaki zentliziyo. Kwenzeka, njengommiselo, ngokumalunga nemvelaphi yesifo se-ischemic (ngokuphindaphindiweyo emadodeni), uxinzelelo lwengcinezelo (ngokuqhelekileyo kubafazi), isifo senhliziyo, i-myocarditis, i- cardiomyopathy , isifo sikashukela, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala.
Abantu abakhulileyo banqabile ukutyelela ugqirha, bebona ukungapheli kwempilo engapheliyo njengesigaba esinqandekileyo sokuguga kwabo. Enyanisweni, ukusola kokuqala kwe-CHF kufuneka kuhanjiswe kwi-cardiologist.
Ugqirha uya kufunda i-anamnesis, umisele i-ECG kunye ne-echocardiogram, kwakunye ne-x ray yezitho zangaphakathi kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi, umchamo. Umsebenzi oyintloko wokuxilongwa kukufumanisa isifo senhliziyo esabangela ukuhluleka, kwaye uqala ukuwuphatha.
Unyango lwengqondo engapheliyo
Ulwaphulo olusetyenziswa kwi-CHF lujoliswe ku:
- ukunciphisa okanye ukupheliswa kwemibonakalo yezilwanyana ezibangelwa ukungathandeki isiguli;
- ukukhuselwa kwemithambo yegazi, iintso, ubuchopho, intliziyo (okubizwa ngokuba yizinto ezijoliswe kuzo);
- ukwanda kwithuba lokuphila komntu ochaphazelekayo yi-CHF;
- ukunciphisa kwinani lezibhedlele.
Unyango lwonyango lwezilwanyana lubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- isradiyo eyisiseko - i-ACE inhibitors, i-diuretics, i-beta-blockers, i-glycosides yentliziyo;
- ezongezelelweyo ze-calcium channel blockers, i-aldosterone kunye ne-angiotensin II receptors;
- unyango oluncedisayo - i-vasodilators yombambano, i-antigregregants, i-antiarrhymics, i-corticosteroids, i-antiticoagulants, i-statins.
Isondlo sokuphelelwa yintliziyo engapheliyo
Ukongeza kumayeza anikezela unyango olungekho lonyango lwe-CHF, oku kuthetha ukutya. Izigulane zinconywa ukuba ziphuze ubuncinane i-750 grams zamanzi, kwaye unciphise inani lesityuwa ekudleni kwi-1.2 - 1.8 g. Kwiimeko ezinzima (IV FK), kuvumelekile ukuba idle kwi-1 g ityuwa ngemini.
Ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwintliziyo, isigulane sithola iingcebiso malunga nomsebenzi wokwenyama. Uncedo kulo mbandela uhamba ngebhayisikili okanye uhamba imizuzu engama-20 ngemini ngokulawulwa kwentlalo-ntle.