Izikhala ngexesha lokubeletha zixakeka rhoqo. Zivela ikakhulukazi kwabasetyhini abakhulu. Cinga le mpazamo ngokubanzi, ukugqamisa izizathu zokuphuhliswa, iindlela zokuthintela kunye nokunyangwa kwezilwanyana, iimpawu zokuphucula.
Kutheni kubonakala ukubola phakathi kokubeletha?
Ukutshatyalaliswa emva kokubeleka kwenzeka malunga nenye kwabafazi abathathu abasemsebenzini. Ekuzalweni kokuzalwa kokuqala, le nkxalabo ikhula ngokuthe rhoqo. Oku kudla ngokuba ngenxa yokungazilungeli kwinqanaba lokuzalwa. Iimisipha ze-pelvis kunye ne-perineum kunye nokunyuka kwe-fetal zineengcinezelo ezinamandla, yintoni ebangela ukuphuhliswa kwezakhiwo ze-muscular. Ngokuqhelekileyo izikhelo zibhalwa ngexesha lokubeleka ngokukhawuleza , xa isigaba sokuthunjwa siphelela imizuzu emininzi. Phakathi kwezinto eziphazamisayo zale mpazamo kuyinto yesiko yokwabiwa:
- owokuqala eneminyaka engama-30 nangaphezulu-aba bafazi bancipha ngokukhawuleza kwi-tantic soft tissue;
- utshintsho olubomvu kwi-perineum emva kokuzalwa kwangaphambili;
- ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza;
- ukufakwa kwentloko yomntwana kwisithuba esiphezulu (intloko yomntwana akuyona encinci);
- Inkcazo ye-pelvic - umntwana ubonakala ukusuka kumzila wendlela yokuzalwa okanye inyawo phambili;
- ukuphulwa kweendlela zokuhambisa;
- Ukuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo okugonywa ekuhambiseni - ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, ukukhutshwa komfutho we-fetus , ukuhlukana ngokulandelelana kokuzalwa komntwana;
- siqhamo esikhulu.
Ukugqithiswa komzimba ngexesha lokubeletha
Ukubeletha ngaphandle kwentlungu nokuphuka kuyinto engavamile. Ukugqithiswa kwengqibelelo yomsele wokuzalwa kwenzeka ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwimizimba ephothileyo eyenziwa ngumntwana. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuphuhliswa kwephulo kulandelwa yimpawu ezikunceda ukukhusela ingxaki. Abagqithisi kufuneka banikele ingqalelo kwi-perineum, kunye ne-cyanosis yayo, ephuma kwi-stasis ene-venous kwi-pelvis encinci. I-edema yezicubu zikhula, isikhumba kule ndawo sithobela i-luster ephawulekayo. Ukungabikho kwamanyathelo afanelekileyo, ukugqithwa kwenzeka ngexesha lokubeletha.
Ukuthintela inkathazo yenkqubo yokuhambisa, ababelethisi baphatha i- episiotomy okanye i-perineotomy. Ezi zinto zibandakanya ukuchithwa kwezicubu ezithambileyo kwingingqi yokuphuka. Ngoko unako ukukhuphela ngaphandle ukusulelwa kwintsholongwane. Ukongezelela, isilonda esicatshulwayo siphulukisa ngokukhawuleza kunesilonda esinqabileyo. Ukuqhekeka kwe-perineum emva kokubeleka kunokutshabalalisa ngaphakathi kwinyanga, kwaye i-sutures emva kokunqunyulwa isusiwe sele iintsuku ezingama-7-10.
Ukuqhekeka kwemigudu ngexesha lokubeletha
Izikhefu ngexesha lomsebenzi ziba nzima kakhulu inkqubo yenkqubo yokubonakala komntwana. Ingqibelelo yesini iphazamiseka xa intloko yentsana ingahambelani kwinqanaba lokuzalwa, lide ngexesha elilodwa. Ukuqumbisa ukuphuhliswa kweli gama kungaphinda kwenziwe iinzame zangaphambi kwexesha. Ngenxa yoko, ukuphuma kwegazi kuvela, okuqala ngexesha elide. Kule meko, i-hemorrhage iyakwenzeka phantsi kwebhubhane lamanzi. Kule meko, le nkxalabo ibhaliwe sele ihlolisise umsele wokuzalwa emva kokubeletha.
Ukuphuka komlomo ngexesha lokubeletha
Ngenxa yokuba ngamnye umfazi onabasebenzi unemiqobo eyahlukileyo intlungu, iinzame zivakalelwa ngabo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba i-reflex taut iyaqhubeka, xa umlomo wesibeleko ungakhange uvule ngokugcwele, kwaye umfazi uqala ukutshiza, kukho ukuphuka kwentamo. Intloko yentsana inokuxinzelelo oluqinileyo, ngenxa yokumelana kwentamo, engagqitywanga ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, ingqibelelo yelungu lomzimba iyancipha.
Ukuphuma komlomo wesibeleko emva kokubeletha kufuna i-suture yokuqala. Akukho mfuneko ye-anesthesia. Kwindlela yokunyanzelisa, oogqirha basebenzisa izixhobo ezizimeleyo. Njengomphumo wokuphilisa entanyeni, ulwaphulo olusemva kokuba lubekwe. Ukuze ulawule ukuphulukana ngokuphindaphindiweyo ekuzalweni okulandelelanayo kwindawo enye, icebo elicwangcisiweyo lokumiswa lichanekileyo.
Ukukhutshwa kwesibeleko kwinqaba ngexesha lokunikezelwa
Ukukhulelwa kwesibeleko ngexesha lokubeleka ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala kwinqaba ekhoyo. Ukuba kwangaphambili ama-tissu e-canal yokuzalwa aphantsi kokungenelela kokucandwa, indawo yesisombululo esinoxinzelelo kunye ne-elasticity encinci yenziwe kwisiza se-dissection yabo. Ngokukhawuleza kukho ukuphulwa komgangatho womzimba. Uphuhliso lweengxaki zolu hlobo luququzelelwe ngu:
- imisebenzi yokuhlinzwa kwizitho zangasese ngexesha elidlulileyo;
- ubukho becandelo lesondlo kwi-anamnesis.
Izikhalazo ekuhanjisweni - iziphumo
Oogqirha bahlala bezama ixesha elifutshane lokuphelisa ukukhulelwa komlomo ngexesha lokubeletha, iziphumo ezinokuchaphazela kakubi impilo yomama ekuzalweni. Le ngxaki ihamba kunye nokulahleka kwegazi, okukhokelela ekufeni ngokungabikho kwonyango. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki ezinxulumene neenkqubo zokubuyisela inkqubo yokuzala zikwafumaneka. Phakathi kwazo:
- ama-abscesses kwindawo yokuguqulwa;
- ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane;
- hematomas;
- iinkqubo ezivuthayo;
- ukwakheka kwezikrakra.
Zingaphi ukuphulukana ukuphilisa ngexesha lokubeletha?
Lo mbandela ngowomntu ngamnye. Ijubane leenkqubo zokuvuselelwa zixhomekeka kwizinto eziliqela-ubungakanani bokuphuka, ukuhlala kwendawo, nokuba ingatshatanga okanye ininzi. Ngokukhawuleza, ezi zinto zihlolwe ngabagqirha kwixesha lokubuyisela unyango. Ukubethelwa kwintlupheko ekuhanjisweni kuyasuswa kuxhomekeke kwinto ephathekayo. Ngoko, i-externally isuswe kakade ngomhla we-7-10 ukusuka kwithuba lokugqitywa kwawo, zangaphakathi ziyaziqhawula, oogqirha bajonga kuphela ukuphela kwazo.
Ngokuphathelele ixesha lokuphilisa ngokupheleleyo kwilonda, bahluke. Ngaloo ndlela, ikhefu zangaphakathi ngexesha lokubeleka liphilisa malunga neentsuku ezili-14, kunye ne-seams zigqiba ukugqiba kwinyanga. Ukulimala kwangaphandle kwamaphilisi okuphilisa emva kokususa amajoyina 3-4 iiiveki. Inkqubo ngokwayo inokulibazisa ngokujoyina isifo, ukuxhaswa, okufuna unyango olongezelelweyo kunye nexesha.
Ungaziphepha njani izikhefu ngexesha lokubeletha?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukhathazeka ngokubonakala kwintsana, abafazi abakhulelweyo banomdla kuogqirha indlela yokuphepha ukuphuka ngexesha lokubeletha. Oogqirha abanikeli impendulo engabonakaliyo ebhekisela kwisidingo somsebenzi odibeneyo. Amanyathelo okulungiselela ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ngexesha lokubeletha ziquka:
- ukufunda indlela efanelekileyo yokuzama ;
- Ukukhutshwa kweenkqubo zokuvuvukala kwinkqubo yokuzala;
- ukwenza i-massage;
- ukwenza iimvavanyo ezizodwa zempilo zokuqeqesha imisipha ye-perineum kunye nesondo.
Indlela yokulungiselela ukuhanjiswa ngaphandle kwekhefu?
Ukuzalwa ngaphandle kwezikhefu ngenye yeenjongo eziqhutyelwa oogqirha ekuqeqesheni kokubeleka. Iqala ngokuthe ngqo kwintetho, ukuhlaziya izigaba kunye nendlela yokuzalwa. Ngenxa yoko, ibhinqa iyayiqonda into enokuyenza kunye nendlela yokuziphatha kwinkqubo yokuhanjiswa ukwenzela ukuphepha iingxaki. Ngelo xesha, iimviwo zenziwa ukuba zingabandakanyi izibilini kunye nezifo kwisistim sokuzala (izibetho ezivela kwisisu kunye ne-urethra, i-bacterial culture). Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwinkqubo yokulungiselela ukunyusa ukuxinwa kwezicubu ezihamba phambili. Oku kufezwe ngu:
- ukusilalisa kwendawo ewanikwayo;
- ukuqhuba umzimba.
Izifo zokuphuka ngexesha lomsebenzi
I-oyile yokuthintela ukuphuka ngexesha lobambano kunceda ukunciphisa ingozi yale ngxaki. Yisebenzise ukuze uhlaziye. Unokuqalisa inkqubo malunga nantoni na. Ngoko, ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kunye ne-2 trimester, ukuxilwa kwenzelwa kanye emva kweentsuku ezingama-7-10. Ukususela ngeveki 28, ubukhulu benkqubo inyuselwa kwi-1 kwiintsuku ezingama-5-7, emva kweveki ezingama-32-iintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwe-3-5. Njengoko usondela kumama, ukuphathwa kakubi kubakho rhoqo - kwiiveki ezingama-36 nganye imihla, ukusuka kwi-38 yemihla ngemihla. Ngethuba elifanayo ukwenzela ukusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kweoli ezifana nale:
- iqhosha;
- umnquma;
- i pinki;
- calendula.
Kukho neemveliso zonyango ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe ukwandisa ukwanda kwe-canal yokuzalwa, ukuphelisa ukuphuka kokubeleka. Phakathi kwaziwa kwaziwa:
- Ioli yePeri;
- Weleda.
Kufuneka ikhunjulwe ukuba le nkqubo inokuphikiswa kwayo, ngoko kufuneka yenziwe kuphela emva kwesivumelwano kunye nomdlavuza. Ukuzihlawula akuvumelekile xa:
- iinkqubo ezithintekayo ezithandweni;
- isongelo sokukhupha isisu;
- izifo zesikhumba ze-perineum;
- ephakamileyo izinga lokushisa.
Ungakuphephelela njani ukuphuka ngexesha lokuzivocavoca?
Ukuthintela ukuphuka ngexesha lomsebenzi kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwemigangatho ejoliswe ekuqeqesheni imisipha ye-perineum ne-pelvis. Zinceda ukuphucula ukunyaniseka kwezakhiwo ze-muscular, ezibangelwa umngcipheko wokunciphisa ubunzima bokuzalwa. Izazi ze-Gynecologists zincoma oku kulandelayo:
- Xa umi endaweni yokuma, pha kamisa amadolo akho ngokuphakamileyo kunokwenzeka, uwazise esifubeni sakho.
- Phakamisa kakhulu imilenze yakho, ubeke ugxininiso emva kwesihlalo.
- Esikhundleni se-supine kwicala, ukudweba kwi-sphincter ye-rectum, iimbophu ezininzi zenza umlenze ochanekileyo.
- Ukubeka iinyawo zakhe ngeenzwane zakhe ngaphandle, ububanzi kunamahlombe akhe, yenza izikwere ezithinteleyo, zihlala kwisithuba esiphantsi imizuzwana embalwa.