Kunconywe kwaye kuyinzuzo ukusetyenziswa kwentwasahlobo kwintsimi kwiintlanzi nezifo, ngoko unako ukugcina imithi kunye nezihlahla, ukuphucula isivuno kunye nokukhusela ukufa. Kukho inani elikhulu leemali ezibalulekileyo ukusebenzisa imigaqo yokufumana kuphela umphumo omuhle.
Ukunyangwa kwempapasho kwintsimi kwintlekele
Umsebenzi oyintloko wokuphalaza kukukhusela izifo kunye nezinambuzane ezinokuthi zenzeke kulo lonke ixesha, kwaye ingakumbi ziyingozi ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali kuya kubachaphazela kakhulu izibonelelo zesityalo. Abagadi bezolimo bahlukanisa izigaba ezinjalo: kusasa kwentwasahlobo yokusebenza kwintsimi, phambi kokutshabalaliswa kweentso, ngaphambi nangemva kweentyantyambo kunye ngexesha lokubunjwa kwama-ovari. Qaphela ukuba ukupomfa kuqhutyelwa phezulu kwintloko ukuya kwisiqu, kuvela kumasebe aphezulu. Ekugqibeleni, i-trunk kunye nomhlaba ziqhutywe ngeenxa zonke.
Ukulungiselela ukucubungulwa kwentwasahlobo yomyezo
Kwintsimi yezitolo ungathengela iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo eziya kunceda ukukhusela ukuvela kweentlobo nezifo. Ukusetyenziswa kwentwasahlobo:
- Ngaphambi kokuba ihlumela ihlume, igadi ingafafazwa ngeNisaran okanye eBorneo. Bajamelana namaqanda nezibungu.
- Xa iifama zihluma kunye neentyantyambo ziphelile, ukulungiselela okunjalo kungasetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa umyezo: "HOM" kunye ne "Fufanon".
- Ngezibungu, izilwanyana ezindala kunye nezifo, ukulungiswa kwePrestige kunye ne-Mospilan, ezinokusebenza kunye noqhagamshelwano, ziya kunceda.
- Kukho iindlela zeekhemikhali zenkqubo yokusebenza ngokubhekiselele kumaphiko, i-pseudostrates kunye nezilwanyana, umzekelo, " Aktara ", "iCarbofos" kunye ne "Benzophosphate".
- Ukuchasana nezinambuzane, ukunyangwa kwentwasahlobo kwintsimi kunye nezifo kukuvumela ukuxinwa kwe "Phosphamide", "Gordon", "Zolon" okanye "Trichlorometaphos".
I-Bioinsecticides, ezinobuhlobo bendalo kunye nonobungozi kubantu nasezilwaneni, kufuneka zikhethwe ngokwahlukileyo. Ukulungiselela ezi zi yobisi zisebenzisa i-fungus efanelekileyo kunye neebhaktheriya ezonakalisa umzimba we-parasite. Ezi ndlela ezifana neBoverin, iLepidotsid, iVerticillin, i-Aktofit kunye nezinye ziyaziwayo. Ezi zi yobisi zineendlela zombini kunye nomphumo wokudibanisa. Ixesha labo lokuthatha isenzo lifutshane kunamalungiselelo amachiza, ngoko unyango luqhutywa rhoqo. Izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa ziboniswa kwiipakethe.
Unyango lomyezo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nge-urea
Ngoxa uncedwa ngumanyolo oqhelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukukhusela ukuvela kwesikhala , ukubola, kunye nezinye iingxaki. Ukucubungulwa kweentsuku zegadi yase-urea kukwazi ukubulala i-pupae kunye namaqanda ezinambuzane ezahlukeneyo. Ukongezelela, isichumisi esihle, kuba sininzi i-nitrogen, ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni ixesha elikhulayo. Ukulungiselela ukulungiselela, i-1 kg yomlotha womthi kufuneka ihlanjululwe kwi-10 ilitha amanzi. Emva koko, utywala kufuneka ubiliswe ixesha elifutshane, ukucima nokugxininisa. Ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenziswe ukunyakanyiswa kuyimfuneko ukufaka i-20 g yesepha kunye ne-30 g yerea.
Unyango lomyezo kwintwasahlobo kunye ne-sulfate yobhedu
Abalimi abaninzi banyanzelekile entwasahlobo ukukhusela ukuvela kweenambuzane nezifo, ukuvelisa intwasahlobo ukutshiza le ndlela. Iyakuthanda kakuhle ngesikhumba se powdery , isikhala, ukubola kunye njalo. Ukuqhutyelwa kwintsimi entwasahlobo kunye ne-sulfate yethusi kungaqhutyelwa phantsi kweemeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana isiphumo esihle, xuba i-vitriol nge-lime slaked, uthabathe izithako ngokulinganayo.
Unyango lomyezo entwasahlobo kunye ne-vitriol yensimbi
Ukutshiza umhlophe kunye nokutshiza, i-vitriol yensimbi isetyenziselwa, ngokuphumelelayo ihlangabezana neengambuzane nezifo. Unyango kufuneka lwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga afomane, njengoko angatshiswa, okuya kubachaphazela kakubi ukukhawuleza. I-iron sulphate ayinqatshelwe ukuba idibaniswe kunye ne-lime kunye nezinye izinto eziyi-alkali. Kufuneka ukuba ukwazi ukucwangcisa umyezo kwintwasahlobo yesantya sokusetyenziswa kwe-vitriol yesinyithi, ngoko, ukufafaza kwemithi yezityalo zamatye, i-3% yamanzi ayimfuneko, kunye nabanye-4%. Ukulungiselela unyango lwe-shrub isisombululo se-2% esifanelekileyo.
Ukunyangwa kwintsimi kwintsimi kwiintlobo ezinambuzane nezifo zenziwa ngokusebenzisa umlotha okhuni. Hlanganisa i-3 tbsp. amanzi abilayo kunye ne-1 tbsp. umlotha otywebileyo, kwaye unyanzelise zonke iintsuku ezintathu. Emva koko, kongeza oku ku-9 l wamanzi okuma uze ufake enye i-50-600 g ye-sulphate enefriji. I sixhobo esilungelelwanga esilungelelwanga singagcini nje kuphela umyezo, kodwa kwakhona sinamanzi kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Unyango lomyezo entwasahlobo yaseBordeaux umxube
Enye yeendlela ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela izifo ezibangelwa yi-fungal isisiseko somxube we-3% weBordeaux . Ukuyilungisa, i-300 g ye-sulphate yobhedu (ihlanjululwe kwi-1 litre yamanzi) kunye ne-400 g ye-lime (ihlanjululwe kwi-9 litres zamanzi) ixutywe. Kwisisombululo se-lime, ngokukhawuleza uthele umbane wesibini. Ukutshiza kuqhutyelwa phambi kokuba iifom ihlulwe, kodwa ukushisa sele kufike. Kubalulekile ukuba akukho moya kunye nemimoya emanzi. Ukunyangwa kwimiyezo kunye neBordeaux kuphinda kuphinde kubonakale, xa kuvela amaqabunga, kodwa kuphela isisombululo kufuneka sibe yi-1%.
Unyango lomyezo kunye neNitrofen entwasahlobo
Isisombululo esisebenzayo esibulala ama-parasites, mosses, lichens and spotting. Qaphela ixesha lokunyanga kwintsimi kunye ne-Nitrofen, ngoko ukutshiza ukutshiza kuqhutywe ngo-Matshi, xa izintso zivaliwe, njengoko ulungiselelo luya kutshisa amaqabunga, kwaye umthi kunye nezihlahla ziyafa. Ukwenza isisombululo sokutshiza, kufuneka udibanise iglasi leNitrofen kwibhakethi yamanzi elitha eli-10.
Ukusingatha umyezo kwiindlela zentwasahlobo
Ukufafaza ngexesha lentsholongwane, izilwanyana zesintu aziqhelekanga zisetyenzisiweyo, kuba izinto ezinobundlobongela zifunekayo ukutshabalalisa izinambuzane nezifo. Ukucubungulwa kwentwasahlobo yasemuva ngegadi ngamacandelo omntu kunconywa njengeenkqubo eziphindaphindiweyo zokulungisa umphumo owenziwe ngenxa yokulungiselela amakhemikhali. Iindlela zokupheka ezifanelekileyo:
- Ukunyuswa kwamagilekhi. Gaya 0.5 kg yegalikhi kwaye uthele iilitha ezintathu zamanzi. Ukunyanzelanisa iiyure ezimbalwa, kwaye emva koko. I-Garlic kwakhona, uze udibanise. Hlanganisa izixhobo zombini ezifumanekayo kwaye ungeze amanzi ukuze ufumane ama-10 ilitha e-garlic flavor for processing process of the garden.
- Ukungcoliswa kocuba. Gcwala iteksi okanye i-tobacco trimmings ngamanzi, ugcine u-1:10. Ukufakela isisombululo somhla, uze udibanise kwaye ungeze amanzi, ukwandisa umthamo ngesigamu. Ngaphambi kokuba uphefle ufake iilitha eziyi-10 zokunyuka kwamagremu angama-40 e-sophi yokuhlamba.
Unyango lomyezo entwasahlobo ngeoli ye-dizeli
Inkqubo yeNtsholongwane yokuthintela izifo zesifo kunye nokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane kungabandakanya unyango nge-diesel fuel, ephumelelayo kwizifo ezifayo kunye nezifo ezithathelwanayo, kunye nezibungu zezinambuzane ezahlukeneyo. Unyango lwegadi kunye neoli ye-solar kwiintlobo nezifo zikhokelela ekubunjweni kwemithi yefilimu engavumeli ukuba i-oksijeni idlule, kwaye ngenxa yoko, inambuzane iyaphela. Kule meko, izityalo azikho phantsi kwezenzo zamacandelo asebenzayo, kodwa inkqubo kufuneka yenziwe ngokwemiqathango.
- Ukupheka, xuba iilitha ezili-20 zeoli ye-dizeli kunye neelitha ezingama-5 zobumba namanzi. Esi sisombululo sinokusetyenziswa nangethuba leentyantyambo. Okokuqala uzame kwisebe elinye ukuze ubone ukuphendula.
- Ukwelashwa kweentsuku kuthetha ukutshiza isisombululo, kwaye kufuneka wenze konke ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukwelashwa kwintsuku kwintsimi kunye ne-potassium permanganate kunye ne-ammonia
Isilungiso esihle kunye nesichumiso sisisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Uyabambana kakuhle nezifo zenyama. Kubalulekile ukuba ungasebenzisi kakubi ukwelashwa okwenjenjalo kwintsimi kwintsimi kunye nezifo, ngokukodwa kwi-alkaline okanye engathathi hlangothi. Ukulungiselela isisombululo kwi-1 tbsp. amanzi, thumela i-permanganate ye potassium ukwenza i-pink pink. Nciphisa izityalo xa ungenawo amaqabunga kunye neentyantyambo.
Ukunyangwa kwintsimi kwintsimi kunye ne-ammonia nayo ifanelekileyo kwaye isebenze, ngakumbi ekulawuleni ama-apidi. Ukwenza isisombululo kwiilitha ezili-10 zamanzi, faka iipunipoli ezi-2 zomkhiqizo, kwaye ngaphambi kokufafaza 40 g yesepha, okungcono ukugawula i-grater. Yichitha umyezo ngokuhlwa ngamalanga ambalwa kunye nexesha elincinci. Kubalulekile ukuphinda le nkqubo ubuncinane kathathu.
Unyango lwegadi kunye nesisombululo sesepha
Indlela elula yokulawula iintsholongwane iyabagxotha ngamanzi asepha. Unokuhlamba kwaye uchithe. Unokuthabatha indlu okanye isepha ye-tar ukuze usebenzise umyezo. Kwimeko yokuqala, u-300 g uthathwa nge-100 l, kwaye kwinqanaba elingu-100 g. Inkqubo yenziwa ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenziswe amaqabunga. Enye isepha ingafakwa kwisisombululo se-ash, esiya kukhulisa ukusebenza kwayo.
Unyango lwegadi kwi-spring soda ash
Ukukhusela imithi kunye neentlobo ezivela kwiintlekele nezifo, unokusebenzisa isisombululo sesoda kunye nesepha. Ukulungiswa kwalo 1 litre yamanzi, engeza 2 tbsp. iipuni ze-baking soda kunye ne-50 g yesepha yokuhlamba impahla. Ukuqhutyelwa komyezo kunye ne-soda calcined kufuneka kwenziwe phambi kokubonakala kwamacembe aluhlaza. Kunconywa ukuba uphefe itraki, amasebe, kunye nombuthano osecaleni. Isisombululo sesoda singasetyenziselwa ukulungisa isivuno seapulo, umzekelo, ukuba ii-apula zikhula ngokubanzi, ngoko ukuvuna kuya kuba mnandi kwaye kunzima. Hlanganisa iilitha ezili-10 zamanzi kunye ne-100 g yetyuwa ebhaliweyo.