Kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni zihlala zihlaselwa zizifo ezifayo kunye nezifo zityalo ezithintela abalimi ukuba bangavelanga isivuno esihle. Ngoko ke, entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ukulwa nezifo eziphantse kuzo zonke izityalo, ukutshiza umxube weBordeaux kwenziwa.
Okwangoku, kwiivenkile ezizodwa zithengisa umxube olungeleyo weBordeaux, obandakanya i-lime ebhejiweyo kunye ne-sulfate yobhedu ngokulinganayo. Kodwa unokuzilungiselela ngokupheleleyo, ngoko siya kukuxelela indlela yokwenza ngayo.
Ukuzilungiselela umxube weBordeaux
Abagadi bezolimo ngexesha elihlukeneyo lokukhula kwezityalo basebenzisa umxube weBordeaux kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukulungiswa kwe-1% yokuxinwa kubalulekile:
- 100 g yobhedu isulfate;
- 100-150 g ye-lime;
- 10 ilitha amanzi.
3% yoxinaniso:
- 300 g yobhedu isulfate;
- 400 g yelime;
- 10 ilitha amanzi.
0.5-0.75% yoxinaniso:
- 50-75 g ye-sulfate yobhedu;
- 75-100 g ye-lime;
- 10 ilitha amanzi.
Ungayiqhawula njani umxube owenziweyo okanye odibeneyo weBordeaux?
Inkqubo yokuxuba ifanayo:
- I-Copper sulfate yachithwa kwi-1 litre yamanzi ashushu kwiitya ezingezantsi zetsimbi;
- emva kokupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kwe-vitriol, yongeza enye iilitha ezingama-5 zamanzi;
- kwisitini lesibini, qhawula i-lime kwi-5 ilitha amanzi;
- isisombululo se-sulfate yethusi ethululela umlambo omncinci kwisisombululo se-lime (umyalelo we-infusion awukwazi ukutshintshwa);
- Ifayile ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.
Umxube olungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo uza kuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lungisa umxube weBordeaux kwangoko ngaphambi kokuba kusetyenziswe.
Ukusetyenziswa komxube weBordeaux
Umxube weBordeaux usetyenziswa:
ngoxinzelelo lwe-3%:
- ukutshiza imithi yezithelo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, phambi okanye ngexesha lokuhluma i-budding kwi-scab, i-monolioze, i-curly;
- iidiliya ezivela kwi- downy isikhutha (isikhutha);
- i-currants, i-gooseberries, i-raspberries, i-strawberries kunye nezihlahla zemihlobiso ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo;
- Iingqolowa zasebusika ezivela kwiingcambu zokubola, isikhunta sekhephu.
kwi-1% yoxinaniso
- ukufafaza kwe-quince, i-apula kunye nepeyari ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwe-scab, i-patchiness kunye ne-moniliosis;
- i-apricot, iplamu, i-cherry, ipereach, i-cherry-ukusuka kwi-curly, coccomicosis, i-moniliosis, i- gray gray ;
- iidiliya - isifo;
- i-gooseberries kunye ne-currants-ukusuka kwi-rust, septoriosis, i-anthracnose;
- iifatata - malunga ne phytophthora (iifatus fungus).
kwi-0.5-0.75% yoxinaniso
- ukutshiza izityalo zemifuno (ukhukhamba, utamatisi, i-lemon, njl njl) kunye nezityalo zokuhlobisa.
Omnye umthi ophakathi uya kufuna i-10-16 ilitha yamanzi, iifatate, iitamatati kunye nezinye izityalo zemifuno, kwi-100 m2 yokutyala, i-5-10 ilitha iyadingeka.
Ukucoca imithi yezithelo kuyenziwa ngexesha lokuqulunqwa kwemfuyo, kuphinda kuphinde emva kokuwa kweepalali kwaye xa iziqhamo ziba njenge-hazelnut.
Ukuhlamba izidiliya, iitapile kunye nezinye izityalo (i-gillyflowers, iitamatati) kufuneka ziqalwe ukubonakala kokuqala kwezifo kwaye ziphindwe emva kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwimihla kwaye isifo sifanele siphele ngokupheleleyo. Kuyimbopheleleko ukuyeka ukutshiza izityalo iintsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kokuvuna.
Ngaphambi kokuba wenze kwaye usetyenzise umxube weBordeaux, kufuneka uziqhelise nezilumkiso eziyimfuneko, kuba inetyhefu kwizilwanyana nabantu:
- ngexesha lomsebenzi, sebenzisa izixhobo zokukhusela ulusu, amehlo kunye ne-nasopharynx;
- Ngaphambi kokutya, isiqhamo kufuneka sihlambuluke;
- I-liquid residual kufuneka ingcwatyelwe emhlabathini, kodwa kude nemithombo;
- izityalo ezifafazileyo azisebenzisi ngokutya kwemfuyo;
- Izitya ezisetyenziswe ngexesha lokulungiselelwa komxube alisayikulungele ukupheka;
- Emva kokusebenza nayo kufuneka uhlambe ubuso bakho kunye nezandla kakuhle nge-sesephu namanzi.
Nangona inkqubo yokulungiselela umxube weBordeaux ayilula, kodwa abalimi bancipha ukuyeka ukusetyenziswa kwabo ngokuthanda iifungicides ezintsha, kuba sele bezisebenzise iminyaka emininzi kwaye banethemba lokuba nemiphumo emihle.