Ukutyala kwamagilebhisi kwiimbewu zentwasahlobo - iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo kunye nemithetho yabaqalayo

Ukutshala okulungileyo kwezidiliya kwiintlobo zentwasahlobo kuyisitshixo ekuphuhlisweni okuphumelelayo kunye nokungena ngokukhawuleza ekuveleni imivini emininzi. Ukuphunyezwa kwesi siganeko kufuna ukulungiswa ngokupheleleyo. Kufuneka ukwazi ukukhetha iindidi ezilungileyo, fumana indawo yesityalo kwisayithi yakho, ulungiselele umgodi kwaye wenze ezinye iinkqubo ezisebenzayo.

Indlela yokuhlwaya iidiliya entwasahlobo?

Uninzi lwabahlali basehlobo bazama ukwandisa ama-berries amnandi ngokuthenga izityalo zeentlobo ezintsha zevini zelanga. Abagadi bezolimo bayeke ukuphikisana ngexesha elithile lonyaka kungcono ukutshala izinto ezifunyenweyo zokutyala. Kuninzi kuxhomekeka kwimohlobo yesimo sezulu kunye nesimo sezulu, ukukwazi ukugubungela amahlathi amancinane kwimvula ngeqhwa elincinci. Makhe sibhale iindleko zokutshala kweediliya zintwasahlobo:

1. Ukudibanisa okuphambili kokutshala kwentwasahlobo - ihlathi liya kuba nexesha lokukhula ngamandla kuze kuwele, umdiliya uya kutshabalala kwaye kulungele ukunyusa ubusika.
2. Ukususela ekwindla, kunokwenzeka ukulungiselela umgangatho wegumbi, ukuwuzalisa nge-humus kunye nezichumisi, ukuphucula kakhulu umgangatho womhlaba.
3. Ukutshala kwekwindla kwiimeko ezininzi kuye kwabambezela ixesha apho umdiliya ungena kwi-fruiting.
4. Ukuhlwayelwa kwamagilebhisi kwiintlobo zentwasahlobo kunenzuzo kuba umgadi wegadi kule xesha unethuba elingaphezulu lokugqiba yonke ipakethe yomsebenzi.

Kuphi na ukulungele ukutshala iidiliya kwisayithi?

Imveliso yomdiliya ithonyelwa ngumhlaba weediliya xa utyala izityalo kunye nendawo ehlala kuyo. Akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukunika indawo evulekileyo kuyo, iindawo zasekhaya zasehlobo zihlala zinyanzeliswa ukuba zitshale le nkcubeko ecaleni kwendlu okanye izakhiwo, kungekude nemithi yezithelo. Kukho imigaqo eqhelekileyo yokukhetha indawo efanelekileyo yesidiliya:

1. Sizama ukuba neidiliya ngasezindongeni ezisemzantsi zakhiwo ezinkulu.
2. Ukufika komdiliya akusondeli ngaphezu kweemitha ezi-2 ukusuka kwiindawo eziphezulu.
3. Ilizwe lomgodi wokuhlawulela akufanele libe sisondele ngaphezu kwe-1 m ukusuka kwisiseko sakhiwo.
4. Ukutyala amahlathi awusondeleyo kunama-50-80 cm ukusuka kumda weendlela ze-asphalt okanye i-alley.
5. Ukutyala kwamagilebhisi endlu entwasahlobo kunye nezityalo kwiimithambeka zenziwa kwinqanaba elingaphakathi.

Ungalima nini iidiliya entwasahlobo?

Imihla yokuvuna eyamkelekileyo yomdiliya entwasahlobo ixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwintlobo yezityalo ezikhoyo. Kwiindawo ezininzi, zenzeka ngokufika kobushushu obuzinzile. Ukusebenza kunye neengqungquthela ezinobunzima, ixesha elidlulileyo lonyaka, liqala ukususela ngo-Epreli ukuya phakathi koMeyi. Amagilebhisi ahlaza okuhlaza, atholakala kwiibhotile ezivaliweyo, unokutyalwa ukususela ngoMeyi kude kube yiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo kaJuni.

Ukulungiselela izityalo zamagilebhisi ukutshala entwasahlobo

Ukusinda nokuphuhliswa kwehlathi kubangelwa ukulungiswa kwezidiliya zokutshala. Lo msebenzi uqukethe amanyathelo athile axhatshazwayo kunye nokuqothula:

1. Susa izitshixo ezonakalisiweyo.
2. Kwimimandla esenyakatho kuyinqweneleka ukunciphisa imifuno eneengcambu ezinzulu.
3. Iingcebiso zengcambu zinqunywe kancinci ukuze zenze i-branching.
4. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukutshatyalaliswa kwepropati kwinkqubo yeshexachlorane. Kwibhakethi yamanzi, i-200 g yalo lungiso iyachithwa kwaye i-400 g yodongwe yongezwa, emva koko into yokutyala ibhaptizwe kumxube wamanzi iminyaka emi-5.
5. Kwizityalo ezineminyaka elilodwa sishiye iifom e-2 kwisibhozo esisodwa okanye kwi-1-st intso kwi-2 ihlumela.
6. Iziphumo ezilungileyo zifumaneka ngokutshiza izithombo phambi kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokutyala umxube onomsoco onomquba womhlaba (inxalenye elinganayo) kunye ne-heteroauxin.

Indlela yokuhlwayela imbewu ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo?

Ukufunda imigaqo yokutyala kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo, kuyimfuneko ukuqhelana nendlela efunekayo ukulungiselela umgodi. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa zokunisela kunye namanzi ekusebenzeni, ukufeza umhlaba ngokubhekiselele kwithekhnoloji, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphuculwe kakhulu ukuphuhliswa kwehlathi nakwihlabathi elihluphekileyo. Kwi-pit "ehlakaniphile" eyenziwa kakuhle, umswakama uhlala ixesha elide, kwaye isityalo siphuthuma ngokukhawuleza.

Ngakanani ubunzulu umdiliya otshalwe entwasahlobo?

Ukulungiswa komgodi wokumisela kuyona nto ibalulekileyo yokutyala iidiliya entwasahlobo. Umgcini wewayini onoxanduva kusengaphambili uyakunakekela ukuthambisa amahlathi kunye nokuzalisa umhlaba ngezinto ezincedo. Ukunkcenkceshela ukuchelela kunceda ukubonelelwa kwezityalo kunye namanzi ngexesha elitshisayo. Xa kungabikho kwezi nkqubo, kulungele ukulungisa ngokukhawuleza isiqwenga seplastiki emgodini, esiza kwenza indima yesakhiwo sokunkcenkceshela esincinci.

Ukulungiselela umgodi wokutshala iidiliya entwasahlobo:

1. Ubuncinane bemilinganiselo yomgodi ngu-70x70x70 cm.
2. Ngethuba lokusebenza, sizama ukukongeza umhlaba ukusuka kumacandelo aphantsi kunye aphezulu.
3. Umzantsi wegodi uhlanganiswe ngodongwe olwandisiweyo okanye igravel (malunga ne-10 cm).
4. Ukutshiza umbhobho (iplastiki okanye i-asbestos ifanelekile) ifakwe kwicala lasezantsi.
5. Ubungakanani obukhulu bombhobho wokunisela u-10-15 cm.
6. Ubungakanani bendawo yepayipi ekhethiweyo ukwenzela ukuba lukhuphuke ngaphezu kwenqanaba lomhlaba ukuya kwi-10 cm.
7. Ukuchukuza ngokukhawuleza kuthungile, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufake uluhlu lwezinto zokugubungela kwi-gravel.
8. Ngaphezulu kwayo, xa uthelwa entwasahlobo, kufuneka uthele ufike kwi-20 cm yomhlaba wezondlo.
9. Iingcambu zezimbewu zibekwe emhadini kwindunduma yodongwe, esisondele kumbhobho wokunkcenkceshela.
10. Ukuhluma okuphantsi xa utshala kancane, kwaye insimu ngokwayo iyanqithisa kancane kwiziko lomgodi, ukuze kuphuculwe ukushisa.

Umgama phakathi kwamagilebhisi ekutyaleni

Nangona ukutyala okulungileyo kwezidiliya entwasahlobo kunye nezityalo aziyi kunika umphumo omuhle ukuba umgama phakathi kweentsika ezakhelene nawo awugcinwa kakuhle. Ngokukhanyisa okungahambi kakuhle kunye nokutshala okuqinileyo, isiqithi sakho siya kubandezeleka ngenxa yezifo, uya kuba neengxaki ngokuphuhliswa nokuvuthwa okuqhelekileyo kwezibini. Kukho imimiselo eqhelekileyo malunga nendlela engcono yokubeka isidiliya esitsha kwisiza esitsha.

Umda phakathi kwamacilebhisi ekutyaleni:

1. Xa sibeka iintlobo ezininzi, sigcina umgca emkhatsini weemithombo ezikufutshane ze-2.5-3 m.
2. Ukuhlaziya kwezidiliya ku-2-2.5 m.
3. Umgama phakathi kweentsika eziphambili kunye neentsika zi-1.5 m.
4. Isikhokelo esinconywayo semiqolo sisuka kumzantsi ukuya ngasentla.
5. Ukufika okumanzi emva kwe-1 m kuvunyelwe ukuphakama okuphakamileyo ukuya kwi-3 m, kodwa apha kuyimfuneko ukwenza ifom edibeneyo ngendlela ekhethekileyo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
6. Emazweni aphelileyo, xa utyala kakhulu iintlobo zeedilibini, kunokwenzeka ukuba ugcine umgama phakathi kweerhasi ezi-1.5 m.

Amafomati xa utyala amagilebhisi entwasahlobo

Ukutya okusemgangathweni kwezidiliya ngexesha lokutyala kuphucula iinkqubo zokukhula. Ukuqaliswa kwe-organic and fertilizer kwisigaba sokuqala kuvumela iminyaka emibini ezayo ukuba ingasebenzisi izondlo ezongezelelweyo kwindawo leyo kunye neentswina ezincinci de kube kungene ukungena kwesityalo. Nantsi iresiphi efumanekayo yokuhlaziywa emgodini wokutyala kwentwasahlobo iidiliya;

1. Umgca wokuqala we-20-25 cm ngumhlaba ocebileyo oxutywe kunye ne-humus ephezulu.
2. Uluhlu olulandelayo lwe-10 cm ngumhlaba oxutywe kunye nezichumisi (malunga ne-300 g ye- superphosphate kunye ne- potassium fertilizer kunye ne-3 litres zomlotha womthi).
3. Uluhlu lwesithathu luyi-5 cm ubukhulu - sigcwalisa umhlaba ongekho ngaphandle kochumiso.

Isiqhamo siqala ukuthwala iziqhamo emva kokutyala?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuqala kokuvelisa iidiliya emva kokutshala kuthatha iminyaka eyi-3-4. Ezinye iintlobo ezinomgangatho ophakamileyo kakhulu kunye nokunakekelwa ngononophelo kunokukwenza ujabule kunye nezimbonakaliso zempawu zexesha lesibini. Thetha ngeziqhamo ezigcweleyo nomthwalo osemgangathweni ongekho ngaphaya komnyaka wesihlanu. Nalu uluhlu lwezinto ezichaphazela isantya sokudibanisa i-inflorescences:

1. Umgangatho wezinto zokulima.
2. Ukuthobela iteknoloji xa uthelwa.
3. Indawo yokutyala kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo.
4. Ukuzalisa umgodi wokutyala kunye nezinto ezincedo.
5. Imozulu kwimeko.
6. Ubusika obuphezulu obuphezulu bebusika.
7. Ukulwa nezifo kunye nezinambuzane.
8. Ukulungisa izihlahla kunye nokubunjwa.
9. Ukugqoka kunye nokunisela.

Yintoni engasinatyelwa ngaphandle kweidiliya?

Umbuzo othi izityalo ezingenako ukutyalwa ngaphantsi kweediliya, ziphazamisa abagadi bezoqala, abanamasiko amaninzi ahlukeneyo kwisakhiwo esincinane. Ukhula, ezinye iintlobo zemifuno kunye neentyantyambo zicinezela kakhulu iidiliya ezincinci, zithatha izinto ezincedo kwiinkqubo zengcambu, zikhuthaza ukusabalala kwezifo. Nalu uluhlu lwamakhelwane ababi kwiidiliya;

• lwesardadi;
• umhlonyane;
• dandelion;
• umquba;
• nettle;
• i clove;
• gayllardium;
• i-clematis;
• calendula;
• izityalo ezisezantsi;
• ihlunu;
• sirrel;
• ngqolowa;
• isilimo.

Abamelwane abalungileyo ngamadiliya:

• ngqolowa;
• sainfoin;
• primrose;
• ndilibale;
• basil;
• sirrel;
• i-tulips;
• hyacinths;
• ukhukhamba;
• Strawberry.