Iintlobo zemifuno yentsapho ye-ambulera, equka i-celery, ukulima kwiindawo zaseYurophu ezixhomekeke kakuhle, yingakho zithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi beloli. Kwimvelo kukho iingu-20 zeentlobo zayo, kodwa akuzona zonke ezifanelekileyo ukutyala endaweni yendawo yommandla wee-urban.
Iintlobo ze-celery
Iimbrellas ziba yi-biennials okanye iindawo zokuhlala, kodwa kuphela ezo zokuqala ezifanelekileyo ukulima kwimozulu epholileyo. Ukulima kunye nokunakekelwa kwesilwanyana esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kwindawo evulekile kunceda ukufumana amaqabunga aluhlaza, anokuthi uphuculwe kwithuba eliphantse malunga nonyaka. Kukho ezintathu iintlobo zemifuno, phakathi kwazo:
- I-Cornflower. Isetyenziswe, njengommiselo, ukulungiswa kwee saladi. I-petioles ikhula ibe yi-4 cm ubukhulu kwaye iqukethe amaninzi amaminerari kunye namavithamini. Ingxaki ebalulekileyo yeentlobo zolu hlobo luphantsi koqhaqhozo lweqabunga.
- Umsuka. Xa kukhula i-celery, le ntlobo ivelisa izimpande ezinkulu ezinomzimba kunye nephunga eliqaqambileyo, eliphuculwa yonyango lokushisa.
- Leafy. Imbewu yayo isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-seasoning - ityuwa yesoyile. Iqabunga le-Celery ayinayo izityalo eziqingqiweyo kunye nama-petioles enamafutha.
Ukutshala isilimo esidliwayo
Ukuvunwa kule nkcubeko kunokuphunyezwa kuphela ngonyaka wesibini. Kwiyokuqala, yakha i-rosette yamacembe ahlaza omnyama, maxa wambi ahlanganiswe nama-petioles - kuxhomekeke kwiindidi ezikhethiweyo. Ukutshala nokunyamekela isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi kwindawo evulelekileyo yonyaka wesibini kunika amahlumela, apho kukho i-stem, ekuphakanyeni kwayo malunga ne-30-100 cm, kunye ne-inflorescences. Unokukukhula ngeendlela ezimbini:
- ngokusebenzisa izityalo;
- imbewu yokutshala emhlabeni.
Ukutshala izihluma zeselongwe
Imbewu, ubomi beshefu engapheliyo ngaphambili kwonyaka ozayo, ukuhlamba kuqala ngaphantsi komlambo wamanzi ashushu kwaye uboshwe kwi-cheesecloth ukuze udibanise iintsuku ezintathu. Emva kokugubha imbewu, kufuneka uyomise encinane kwiphepha uze uqhubeke nokuya kumbewu, equlethwe ngamanyathelo athile:
- Ukulungiselelwa kweebhokisi kunye nomhlaba okhululekileyo ukusuka kumyezo, kuxutywe ngesanti okanye i-humus.
- Ukunisela umhlaba ngamanzi abilayo kunye ne-potassium permanganate iintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlwayelwa: ukukhula izithombo ze-celery kuya kukhuselwa kwizilwanyana-ntsholongwane.
- Ukuhambisa umhlaba ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokuhlwayela kunye nokugubungca kwi-depth of cm.
- Ukuhlwayela imbewu ngexesha elide ukuya kwi-5 cm.
- Ukuhluma imbewu kunye nobunqamle bomhlaba, ukuze zikhule ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuhambisa umhlaba ngamanzi kwisibhamu sokutshiza, ukwenzela ukuba isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, esakhula ekhaya, inokuthi ifakwe ifilimu ukudala umbane oshushu. Izihluma zokuqala ngaphantsi komhlaba kufuneka zivele kwiintsuku ezintlanu.
- Emva kweqabunga lokuqala lokwenene, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi sinyelwa kwiiphothi. Izithombo zifakelwa kwisitya somhlaba ocebileyo kwisimo sezulu esomileyo kwindawo ephakathi kwe-30 cm.
I-Celery - imbewu yokulima emhlabathini
Ukukhula phantsi komqathango wokutsalwa ngokuthe ngqo kumhlaba kunokuphela nje ukuluhlaza iintlobo zemifuno. Ukukhethwa kwembewu kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba ngokuyinhloko kuqikelela umphumo wokugqibela-ubungakanani kunye nenani lamaqabunga, umgangatho kunye nokukhula. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha imbewu yokukhethwa kwamanye amazwe kunye nokuvuthwa kwangaphambili. Ukuhlakulela isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi okuvela kumbewu kulandela umgaqo olandelayo:
- Ukukhawulezisa ukubonakala kweentshuntsho zokuqala, baphathwa ngokukhupha okukhulayo kunye ne-disinfectants ngokunyuka.
- Emva kokumisa imbewu ikhethwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba ilahle iinqwelwana ezincinci kwaye zonakaliswe - awukwazi ukulindela isivuno kubo.
- Uluhlu oluphezulu lwebhedi lufanele lufakwe kunye nomgca womxube omhlaba okhanyayo, ukuze isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ukulima okubandakanya ukuchumisa rhoqo, kunokuthi kuthotyelwe kuyo. Ukubunjwa komxube i-peat ephantsi, iqabunga lomhlaba, i-humus nesihlabathi.
- Imbewu ifakwa emhlabathini kwimigca kwi-depth of not 1.5 cm. Emva kokuhlwayelwa kugqityiwe, kucetyiswa ukuba uthele umhlaba ngamanzi afudumeleyo.
Ixesha lokutshala i-Celery
Le nkcubeko yemifuno yentsapho ye-umbrella ikhula ixesha elide, ngoko kufuneka uhlawule ngokukodwa ukugcina ixesha lokuhlwayela. Iveliswa ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka, kodwa ingqalelo ukuba emva kokufika okungenani iveki, imozulu kufuneka ihlale ifudumele. Ukutshala i-Celery ekwindla kuyenzeka kuphela phantsi kweemeko zendawo yokutshisa okanye phantsi kwefilimu. Ufumene umcebisi wengcipheko ukucebisa elinye iinqununu:
- Ukuhlwayela emhlabathini kwenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Epreli, ukuba isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi atyalwe ngendlela engeyiyo imbewu kwaye sisondele ekupheleni kwenyanga leyo, ngokucwangciswa kokutshala ngezityalo.
- Ngaphambi kokutyala, imbewu iyanzima ngokuyibeka kwi-saucer eneendwangu ezinomthunzi kwaye uyibeke kwishefu elisezantsi lefriji.
- Ukuba izityalo zihanjiswa kwindawo evulekileyo ukusuka ku-greenhouse, ke le nkqubo ingenziwa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Izimo ezikhulayo zeCelery
Ukumelana nokubandisa okubandayo kwenkcubeko yemifuno kukuvumela ukuba idlulise ngaphandle kweengxaki zokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa kwintwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwekwindla. Izityalo zabantu abadala zikwazi ukugqiba ngokupheleleyo ubusika, nangaphantsi kwendawo yokukhusela encinane. Iimpawu zokunyuka kwesantya esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi zilandelayo:
- Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokunisela;
- ukutya rhoqo;
- ulawulo lwezilwanyana.
Ukunisela isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi
Imifuno ye-Umbrella ithanda amanzi, kuba mhlawumbi banomdla okrakra. Awukwazi ukunyamezela ukubonakala kwe-peel kwizintso, njengoko iteknoloji yokunyuka kwesantya esidliwayo sinokuthi ikhuphe rhoqo, iluncedo kwinkqubo yengcambu. Inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ihluke ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokukhula kwemifuno:
- Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele, umhlaba kufuneka uhlanjululwe njengoko umgca ophezulu usoma ngamanzi-afudumele kwaye ahlaziywe ngaphambili.
- Xa inxalenye engasentla ye-celery iqala ukukhula, ityathwa ubuncinane amaxesha amabini ngeveki.
Ukulima kweesiliva esidliwayo - ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ngethuba lokusulela ekuvuneni, kuyafuneka ukuba kwenziwe zonke iingubo eziphezulu. Eyokuqala iqhutyelwa emva kokuba kufakwe amahlumela okuqala. Kuba ifanelana nezichumisi eziququzelelweyo eziphilayo-i-biod, i- mullein okanye i-droppings yeentaka. Ingxube esekelwe ngotshani enotyiweyo nayo ifanelekile kule nxaxheba - le ngenye yeemfihlelo zokukhula kweqabunga lamacellarries okanye iintlobo ze-petiolate. Isicelo sesibini sesichumiso senziwa emva kweiveki ezi-3 kunye nesinye sezichumisi ze-mineral:
- bunzima be-phosphoric-potassium;
- ufulawa we phosphorite;
- superphosphate;
- nitassium nitrate.
Celery - ukunakekelwa
Imfuno efunekayo yesityalo inamandla kakhulu, ngoko ke yenziwa ubuncinane amaxesha ama-2-3 ngeli xesha ukusuka ekutyaleni ukuya ekuvuneni. Inceda ukucoca ama-petioles kunye namaqabunga kunye nokunciphisa inani leoli epholileyo. Ekukhuleni ngaphandle kunye nokunyamekela isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, abaninzi abalimi bahlula ngokukhethekileyo ukugqithisa , kuba kunika ithuba lokunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi ngesiqingatha. Uluhlu lwe-mulch olufihla amahlumela lunceda ukugcina kwiindawo zokukhusela ezifudumeleyo, ukwenqaba ukukhupha kunye nokulahla. Njengento ephathekayo ungayisebenzisa:
- i-sawdust;
- bhaka;
- uhlaza;
- ukusika iphepha.