Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi kukutshintshwa kwezicucu okanye iziqhamo zomthi omnye komnye, ukwenzela ukuba zenze i-coalescence phakathi kwabo. Umthi othabatha kuwo umthi ubizwa ngokuba yi-graft, kwaye apho uyitshala khona, isitokisi.
Ukuba zonke izenzo zengeniso zenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, ngoko ngexesha le-rootstock kunye ne-graft iba yinto ephilileyo, ijika ibe ngumthi ohlukeneyo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi yezithelo kukuvumela ukuba uqale ukukhula iintlobo ezahlukileyo kwigadi yakho kunye nemithi embalwa nje.
Kutheni kutyala imithi?
Ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi yeziqhamo kukuvumela ukuba ufumane iintlobo ezinjalo, ngenxa yesizathu esithile azifaki ingcambu kwingingqi yakho. Kwaye abanako ukufumana isiqhelo sempembelelo yezinto ezahlukeneyo:
- iqhwa;
- mbalela;
- intlupheko yomhlaba;
- izifo kunye nezinambuzane.
Ukugonywa kuya kunceda ukuphucula indawo yakho: nge-inoculation, unako ukukhula umthi onobumba kumyezo wakho, xa umzekelo, i-apula ikhula kwelinye isebe, kwaye i-pear ikhula kwenye.
Ndiyakutyala nini na imithi?
Unokugonya ngexesha apho kukho ukunyakaza kwe-sap esebenzayo-entwasahlobo okanye ehlobo. Umthi kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-10 ubudala, kuba imithi emide ingahlala kwaye ayiyi kuthatha imithombo kakuhle okanye ingahlali phantsi. Kodwa kukho ukungafani.
Inoculation yemithi yezithelo: iindlela ezifanelekileyo
Kukho amaqela amabini aphezulu eigcino asetyenziswa kwigadi:
- Inoculation kunye neentso (ukuxoshwa);
- Inoculation ngephethe.
Indlela ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa i-ovulation, eyenziwa ehlobo.
Inoculation ene-handle isenziwa entwasahlobo. Le ndlela ifanelekileyo kula macala alandelayo:
- kwimithi engayifumana i-graft;
- ukuba ufuna ukugcina umthi owonakele;
- ukutshintsha iindidi;
- ukudala amagatsha amatsha ngeesithsaba esisodwa.
I-Inoculation ne-cuticle inezinto ezilandelayo:
- ukukopisha;
- kwi-cleavage;
- iqhotyoshelweyo.
Indlela yokutshala ngokufanelekileyo imithi yezithelo?
Ekuqaleni, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha indlela yokuqhafaza i-grafting okanye inoculation ngesiphathi.
Ukuhlanganiswa kuqhutyelwa ngamanyathelo amabini:
- ehlotyeni, xa iintso zenziwe kakuhle kwaye kusekho ukuhamba kwemfucuza;
- entwasahlobo, xa iintso ziqala ukuhluma.
Olu hlobo lokugonywa lufanelekile ngamapheya, i- apricot , i- plums kunye ne-cherries.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwenziwa ngokulandelayo:
- Kubalulekile ukuba uqale ukukhulula isityela kwokhula kwaye uyithwale.
- Senza ikhuselo ngeentso. Sika intliziyo ephilileyo ephakathi kwinqununu.
- Elandelayo kwi-bark, khetha indawo epholileyo kwaye usule nge-rag.
- Kwi-cortex yenza i-T income-shaped incision kwaye ufake ngokukhawuleza isisulu ngeentso.
- Sifaka indawo echitshiweyo ngefilimu engxowankulu.
Ngoku makhe sijonge iindlela ze-inoculation nge-handle.
Ukuqulathelwa kweentlobo ezimbini: kulula kwaye kuphuculwe.
Ukuququzelela okulula kwenziwe kanje:
- Yenza i-slanting slices 3 cm ubude ekupheleni kwesebe kwaye usike.
- Sifake iisetyana enye kwenye.
- Ukubamba i-shank esitokisini, siyifake i-tape yokumisa emnyama kunye nenqaku lokunamathisela.
- Icandelo eliphezulu ligcotyiweyo nge-sauce yomyezo.
Ukuphucula ukuphucula kukudalwa kwexesha elongezelelweyo. Ezi zicucu zenziwa kwi-stock and privo. Emva koko bahamba kunye.
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Inoculation kunye ne-cuticle emva kwe-bark isoloko isetyenziselwa kwiimeko apho i-privea incinci kune-stock. Le ndlela ivumela izicubu zomthi ukuba ziphilise ngokukhawuleza.
- Kubalulekile ukusika i-shank kwinqanaba lama-30 degrees.
- Siyinqumle i-bark ibe yingcambu.
- Sifaka ukusika kwi-cut.
- Lungisa ifilimu.
- Sisebenzisa igadi ye-var ukucoca indawo yokugonywa.
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Inoculation kwi-cleavage isetyenziselwa ukudala iintlobo ezintsha zemithi.
- Siyinqumle amagatsha e-skeletal kwisitokisi. Ngelo xesha, sisuka kwi-10-30 cm ukusuka kwisiqu.
- Senza kwiimpawu zangasemva zine-5 cm.
- Kwisebe elilukhuni, unako ukufaka iinqununu ezimbini ngexesha.
- Ukuba isebe lincinci okanye uthatha isigqibo sokutshala esinye sinqununu, ngoko kuthiwa i-half cleavage yenziwe-kungekhona.
- Ukusika izivuno ngendlela yombumba.
- Sifaka kwi-cleavage kufuphi nomda we-hemp kwinqanaba elincinane kwinqanaba leengcambu ngokwazo.
- Sifaka indawo ye-inoculation ngefilimu ye-polyethylene.
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Kukho itafile apho ungakufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zemithi ziyahambelana. Ngoko ke, ukunyaniseka kwamagrafti yipareyi, ukusuka kwiingcambu i-hawthorn.
Naliphi na indlela yokugonywa oyikhethayo, kufuneka uqikelele ngenyameko ixesha lokugonywa, ukukhethwa kweentlobo zeenkuni kunye nokulungiselela ngokucokisekileyo. Kwakhona ungalibali malunga nezixhobo: ummese wasegadi kufuneka ubukhali ngokwaneleyo. Oku kuyimfuneko yokugonywa kwekhwalithi.