Ama-eggplants - akhula kwaye akhathalele emhlabathini ovulekileyo, iimpawu zeentlobo ezintle

Ukuba ufuna ukufumana isitshalo seqanda lakho etafuleni, ukulima kunye nokunyamekela emhlabathini ovulekile emva kwazo kunokufezekiswa ngempumelelo. Zibekwe phakathi kwendawo yohlobo lwe-Solanaceae kwi-tomato, iitapile kunye nepelepele, kodwa ukulima "okwesibhakabhaka", njengoko kuthiwa kuthiwa ngabafazi, baneempawu zabo.

Iintlobo ze-eggplant ezivulekileyo

Ukulima kwindawo evulekile ukucebisa ukuba ukhethe uhlobo oluthile oluvelisayo, olungabonakaliyo nolusasaqalayo lokuvuthwa kwebluhlaza. Bahluke ngobukhulu kunye nesimo saso siqhamo, ixesha lokuvuthwa, kunye nemifudo yemifuno, ngaphandle kwe-lilac, kukho umnquma, ubisi, obomvu, obomvu. Iintlobo ezintle ze-eggplant evulekileyo:

1. I-Alekseevsky yintlobo esheshayo, evelisayo, isiqithi ukuya kuma-70 cm ubukhulu. Imifuno ye-Violet, i-145 gram, ithambile kwaye ingenabuhlungu.
2. I-Robin Hood - i-brand ihamba phambili ekuxhatshazweni kweemeko ezimbi, isiqithi sikhula ukuya kwi-1 m, iziqhamo zikhulu-ukuya kwi-300 g. Imifuno i-lilac, efanelekileyo yokulondolozwa.
3. I-Diamond - ibakala lerekhodi yomkhiqizo (8 kg nge-1 m ² ), i-shrub encinci ukuya kuma-56 cm, iziqhamo ezibomvu ezimnyama, i-165 gram, inyama enomhlaza.
4. Ubumnandi obumnyama - buphuma kunye nesisindo esibalulekileyo (malunga ne-200 g), esibonakaliswe ngumvuno okhangekayo kunye nokuchasana nezifo.
5. I-Epic F1 - ifanele ukulima kwiindawo ezininzi zelizwe, izithelo ezibomvu ezifana ne-purple-dark-ripen zakuqala.

Ukutsalwa kwe-nantyantyambo kwindawo evulekile

Ubuluhlaza luyinkcubeko efudumele neyothando. Ukutshala i-arubini kwindawo evulekileyo kucwangciswe kwisayithi apho umhlaba uphelelwa khona lula yimisebe yelanga, akukho moya obandayo. Izixhobo ezikhethiweyo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zihamba kakuhle, zinezihlabane kunye ne-loamy. Iimpawu ezinzima zixutywe nge-peat okanye i-humus ngokulinganisela kwibhakethi nge-1 m ² . Isitshalo se-eggplant - nightshade, sikhula kwaye sikhathalele emhlabathini ovulekile sivumelekile eduze kwepelepele kunye neetatayi, kwaye kungekhona emva kwabo. Iimpawu eziphambili zezinto ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka zaziyi-karoti, i-anyanisi, iklabishi, ukhukhamba, iipayi, i-melon.

Indlela yokutshala ama-arubini kwindawo evulekile?

Sinenki ukhetha ukushisa, musa ukubeka ubanda kwaye kwimeko enokulinganisela iyalinywa ngokuncedwa kwezityalo. Isitshalo seqanda, ukukhula kunye nokunakekelwa ngaphandle - ukulungiselela izinto zokutyala:

• ixesha lokuhlwayela - phakathi kwe-Matshi;
• Imbewu ekhethiweyo yesiqingatha seyure ifakwe kwisisombululo semanganese, igcinwa ngamanzi ashushu (+ 50 ° C) imizuzu engamashumi amabini;
• iinkozo zisasazeka kwiidiski zee-coton ze-cotton, ukunyusa, ziya ku-proklyutsya emva kweentsuku ezingama-6-7;
• ukuze izityalo ziqokelele umhlaba ovundiweyo, i-humus nesihlabathi esihle kwi-5: 3: 1;
• Ukuhlwayela iinjongo zangempela okanye iimpepha zamaphepha, i-granules inyanzeliswa yi-1 cm;
• Imbewu ehlanganiswe ne-cellophane, idibene, igcinwe kwi-25 ° C;
• xa kubonakala umbala omncinci, zigcinwa kwi-16 ° C, ukucwiliswa;
• phambi kokuba ufike emanzini omhlaba kwiintsuku ezingama-2-3 ezibeka ilanga imizuzu eyi-15 ukulungiselela ixesha lemifuno kwisitratato;
• ixesha lokulungiselela izityalo zingama-60-75 iintsuku.

Ukutyala umsila we-eggplant kwindawo evulekile eyenziwe ukuba amahlumela anamaqabunga amahlanu kunye nezimpande eziyi-10 cm. Ukwenza oku, imikhosi yenziwa, ichithe ngamanzi afudumeleyo, izityalo zixhomekeke kwintsimbi ebumbini phambi kwembini lokuqala lamagqabi kunye kunye nenhla yomhlaba kwisitya. Ukutyala ngaphambi kokutshala kakhulu. Umhlaba ujikeleze isiqithi uhlanjululwe, ufefazwe nge-peat. Ukutshala izityalo, ukubeka ikhefu kwimigca ye-60 cm kunye neyathelo phakathi kwama-40 cm.

Nini ukutshala ama-eggplant evulekile?

Izilwanyana ezilungiselelwe izityalo zifakwa emhlabathini xa ukutshala amaqabunga kwindawo evulekileyo sele sele ukhuselekile kwaye akukho mngcipheko wee-night chills. Iimeko eziphambili zokutsalwa kwezityalo - iqondo lokushisa lomhlaba li-18 ° C, ubudala beentshuntshi ziyiinyanga ezi-2 ukuya ku-5,5, ubude buyi-17-25 cm. Ngokona buninzi becandelo le-agroclimatic ye-Non-Black Earth Region, ixesha lokutshala okukhuselekileyo kwezityalo liwela ngo-Juni wokuqala.

Indlela yokukhulisa ii-eggplant evulekileyo?

Imiyezo yokutya emasimini ngexesha lokulinywa idinga ukukhishwa kwendlela yokucoca, ukucwiliswa rhoqo, ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi, ukulawula ukhula, izilwanyana. Ngamanye amaxesha amaqabunga afafaza isiraphu ngexesha leentyantyambo ukukhwela iintsholongwane ukuba zingcolise ii-ovari. Ixesha lokuvuthwa kweentsuku zokuqala ziintsuku ezili-100, emva kwexesha-150. Ukuqokelela isivuno esivunowe emva kweentsuku ezingama-40 emva kokugquma. Baqhekeza ngegazi, i-blue blue ingagcinwa enye inyanga. Ukuqwalaselwa kwazo zonke iimeko zokunyamekela kuya kukuvumela ukuba ube nesivuno esikhulu-2-8 kg / m ² .

Yintoni iqondo lokushisa kwama-aubergini kwindawo evulekile?

Ukukhulisa ama-arubini kwindawo evulekileyo kudinga ukuzaliseka kwazo zonke iimfuno zeteknoloji yezolimo. Ubushushu obufanelekileyo bokuphuhliswa kakuhle kwenkcubeko ngu-25-28 ° С. Ngaphansi kweemeko ezingaphantsi kwe-15 ° C, isityalo sinqanda ukukhula. Ukufa okanye ukuqhubeka okuncinci kunye nokushisa kufayo. Uninzi olunentsingiselo kwiimfuno zezilwanyana. Utshintsho olusisiseko lokushisa lubangela ukuwa kwee-buds, ama-ovari.

Imibhede ye-eggplant kwindawo evulekile

Imyezo yasemifino phantsi kwesityalo seqanda kufuneka ikhanyiswe kakuhle kwaye ihlanjululwe ngokhula. Eyona nto inokukhetha ukutshala izityalo kwiimiqolo kunye nomgama ongaphezu kwe-1 imitha. Ngethuba lokukhula, isiqithi sizingelwa kabini kunye nomhlaba wehlabathi phantsi kweengcambu. Iintlobo ezincinci ziloyiko ebusuku. Ngako oko, akukho nto esele iyenze kodwa ukumboza isitshalo seqanda kwindawo evulekile kunye nosongelo lwemozulu ebanda. Kuba le cellophane isolula kwiinqanawa zecingo, ifakwe kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-1 m ngaphezu kwebhedi. Ucocwe ngokupheleleyo ekuqaleni kokushisa okuzinzile, ngokuqhelekileyo emva koJuni 15.

Umhlaba ukwenzela i-eggplant kwindawo evulekile

Umhlaba udinga i-fertile, inobuthakathaka okanye ingathathi hlangothi. Ama-eggplants, akhula kwaye anakekele emhlabathini ovulekileyo, oqala ekwindla kunye nokulungiswa komhlaba, ungaboni nantoni na. I-site iqala ukumbumba ngokujulile kwi-bayonet ye-spade kunye nokongezwa komgquba wamanzi, ukhululekile kokhula, ungakhuselekanga. Ukukhutshwa kwe-disinfection, thabatha i-1-2 tbsp ye-sulfate yethusi kwibhakethi yamanzi.

Ngentwasahlobo bemba kumgangatho ophantsi, kunye nesanti (okanye i-sawdust) kunye nezichumisi: 10-20 g ye-nitmonium nitrate, 40 g ye-superphosphate, i-20 g ye-potassium chloride kunye ne-3 kg ye-humus nganye kwi-1 yemitha engamaritha. Emva kombhede, i-rake yatshitshiswa kwaye ifakwe. Ngexesha leeveki zokuqala emva kweentlobo ze-eggplants, izityalo zityalwe, zikhulile kwaye ziyakhathalela zibandakanya i-podpushivanie ukuya kwi-10 cm eyi-10 Le ndlela iphucula ukufikelela kwe-oksijini kwizihluma zengcambu.

Indlela yokwenza isitshalo seqanda kwindawo evulekile?

Ukuze ufumane i-bush ecocekileyo eneempawu eziqinileyo ezisemgangathweni, isitshalo seqanda sitshintshwe kwindawo evulekile. Emva kokuba isityalo sifinyelele ku-30 ​​cm ukuphakama, isiqu esiphezulu sinciphisa isicatshulwa. Ukususela kumahlumela amatsha ukhethe amandla 4-5, ezinye iinqununu zinqunywe. Kwiimimandla ezisele, isityalo sezityalo siya kwenziwa. Kwisampuli enye, akukho maqanda angama-20 asele ngexesha elifanayo, i-rosettes iyaqothulwa, ukwenzela ukuba amanyathelo athile angathathi izondlo ezivela kwimifuno.

Indlela yokutya amaqabunga kwindawo evulekile?

Amaqabunga amaqabunga, ukulima kunye nokunyamekela emhlabathini ovulekile, owenziwe ngokwe-agrotechnics, udinga ukukhulelwa okongezelelweyo. Imithetho yokutya:

1. Qalisa ukuthambisa izityalo kwiintsuku eziyi-10-15 kunye nomxube wamalungiselelo amaminerali: 50 g ye-superphosphate, kunye ne-10 g ye-nitrate ye-nitrate, i-20 g yetyuwa ye-potassium nge-10 ilitha amanzi. Okwenene isityalo siphendula ukwenza umquba wamanzi.
2. Isondlo sesibini se-arubini kwiindawo ezivulekileyo kucwangciswe iintsuku ezingama-20 emva kokuqala, isiqhelo samaminerali siphuma amaxesha amabini.
3. Ukuzaliswa kwesithathu kuyimfuneko kwinqanaba le-fruit: kwi-10 ilitha amanzi, i-80 g yerea kunye ne-superphosphate kunye ne-10 g ye-chloride ye-potassium iyachithwa.
4. Isisombululo siphula phantsi kwehlathini, emva kokugqoka okuphezulu isityalo sithelwa ngamanzi ahlambulukileyo, ukuze ingashiseli iingcambu.

Ungayinisela njani i-arubergines kwindawo evulekile?

I-Sinenki - izityalo ezinobungozi, ukunyamekela ama-arubergines kukhombisa ukuba luninzi oluthile olusondezayo. Okokuqala, izityalo azixutywanga, kodwa zityiliswa, ukuba umhlaba umile. Ukunisela kokuqala kwezimbewu kwenziwa emva kweentsuku ezi-3, ngoko kusasa, ngeveki. Kushushu kwimozulu, ukunyuka kwamazinga okwanda kwamanzi. Iipompo zamanzi iiyure ezingama-24 zikhuselwe kwi-chlorine kwizikhuni ezivulekile, zifudumele ukuya kuma-25 ° C. Isantya sokunkcenkceshela malunga neekitha ezili-10 kwi-1 m ² . Kuyimfuneko ukuthulula amanzi phantsi kweengcambu, kungabi phantsi kwemahlamvu. Awukwazi ukuvumela ukubunjwa kwe-crust emva kokunisela - ukunakekelwa kwesityalo kuthetha ukukhulula.

Iimpawu zokulima okutsalwa kweqanda, izifo kunye nezinambuzane

I-Garden Eggplants ezinye zeemfihlelo zokukhula:

• Bathanda ukukhanya, umthunzi kunye nelungiselelo phantsi kwesithsaba semithi kunye nezihlahla ezicotha ukukhula kwenkcubeko;
• Umhlaba we-mulching kunye ne- humus emva kokutyala inefuthe elihle kwi-blue;
• Ngenxa yokungabikho kobutyebi obuncitshiswayo buwa, kwaye iifuno zifumana iziqhamo ezimbi;
• ukufumana iziqhamo ezinkulu kunye ezintle, ukudubula phezu kwemifuno enqunywe kwizinga lamaqabunga ama-2 ngaphezulu kwebala. Iziqu ezifayo zingasuswa ngokupheleleyo;
• Kwimvula yezulu izitya zokugubungela ngamacwecwe aqingqiweyo ukukhusela ukubonakala kokubola.

Umonakalo omkhulu kwi-arubergines ngexesha lokulima nokunyamekela kwintsimi kubangela izifo, izinambuzane:

1. Izifo ezinobungozi be-black spotting, i-necrosis yangaphakathi. Bashiya amabala kwizityalo. Njengomlinganiselo wokuthintela, kubalulekile ukuqokelela imbewu kwimifuno enempilo, ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-autumnal yehlabathi kunye ne-sulphate yobhedu, ukutshabalaliswa kwezityalo ezidlulileyo kwiibhedi ezizayo.
2. UMoses wamaqabunga. Ukugula okubangelwa yi-Viral, ukutshabalalisa isivuno. Ukukhuselwa nokunyamekela: imbewu ihlonywe nge-potassium permanganate; izithombo zixiliswa ngobisi zihlanjululwe ngamanzi (1:10), zize zifakwe ifilimu; Inventory, izixhobo kunye neebhokisi azikhuselekanga ne-potassium permanganate.
3. Aphids. Idla i juice ukusuka kumahlumela, ukutshatyalaliswa kweCarbofos isetyenziswa.
4. Spider mite. Selitsya ngaphantsi kweqabunga. Ukulwa nokusetyenziswa kwamagciwane kusetyenziswa ukunyuka kwe-anyanisi okanye i-dandelion, ngokudibanisa isepha.
5. Slugs. Hamba amaqabunga neziqhamo. I-Primer kufuphi nehlathi kufuneka ifafazwe ngomlotha, ityuwa, i-pepper ebomvu, uthuli locuba.