Ukucubungulwa kwezihlahla ze-apula ngokuchasene nezilwanyana kunye nezifo kunceda ekukhuselweni kwesityalo, njengoko kuthintela ukulimala okungenzeka. Ukulwa neenambuzane kuqhutyelwa kuwo wonke unyaka, kodwa iqonga layo eliphambili liwela ngqo entwasahlobo.
Yimiphi imithi ye-apula ephathwa ngayo kwizinambuzane?
Unyango lwe-apula kwiintlobo ezihamba entwasahlobo entwasahlobo entwasahlobo ezintathu:
- Ngo-Matshi, kude kube nokubonakala kokuphuma kofom kunye nokudibanisa izintso. Ngeli xesha, izinambuzane zonakaliswa ngendlela yokucwangcisa, oku: ukusika isithsaba semithi, i-trunk ihlambuluke i-bark eyomileyo, i-lichen kunye ne-moss. Ngexesha lokulungiswa kwezicwangciso, amagatsha aomileyo kunye namagatsha e-parasite asuswa, afaka amahlumela eneminyaka elilodwa ekhula phezulu kwaye engatheli iziqhamo. Isilonda kufuneka siphathwe nge-resin efudumeleyo okanye kumyezo wegadi. Ininzi yeenambuzane iqokelele kwiintluko ze-cortex. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwabo, mhlophe i-trunk nge-lime. Ukongezelela, umhlaba uphathwe nge-pesticides kumthi.
- Ngo-Apreli, emva kokubopha izintso emithini, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba kudibene. Unyango luyenziwa ngokutshiza ii-apula ezivela kwiinyanyakazi. Inkqubo yenziwa kakuhle emva kokushona kwelanga ngokungabikho komoya. Kule meko, imithi kuphela ayiphathwa, kodwa kunye nomhlaba ojikelezileyo.
- Emva kweentyantyambo zezihlahla ze-apula. Ngeli xesha, umthi ngamnye usetyenziswa ibhande lokuzingela malunga nobubanzi obungama-20 cm, okwenziwa ngendwangu yesaka, ipapa iphepha kunye neglue. Ukongeza, ukutshiza ngeziyobisi ezingenayo i-chemistry. Ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali kungonakalisa iinambuzane ezithatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokupilisa. Ngoko ke, izityalo ziphathwa ngezinto ezikhethekileyo ezichitha iintlekele ezonakalisa amahlamvu kunye neziqhamo (izibungu, i-aple aphids, iimpukane ze-moth, i-coffin, i-leaf rollers).
Ukuthetha ngokuchasene neentlobo zeempile
Ukukhusela i-apple kwiintlanzi nezifo zisebenzisa iziyobisi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-insecticides. Ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela yokusebenza kwizinambuzane, bahlulwe zibe zimbini iintlobo:
- Uqha ga mshelwano, owonakalisa izinambuzane ngokuqhagamshelana ngqo. Ngexesha elifanayo, iikhemikhali eziqulethwe ekulungiseni akungena ngaphakathi kwisityalo. Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe esi sixhobo kwinqanaba lokuqala lokucubungula imithi ye-apula, kuba iyakusula ngokukhawuleza inambuzane ehleli emthini emva kobusika. Ukungalungi kwamalungiselelo okuqhagamshelana nesikhathi sabo esifutshane - kwisimo esomileyo malunga neveki enye, kunye neqhwala ngaphantsi kweveki.
- Inkqubo, eyangena kwisityalo kwaye ichaphazele inambuzane evela ngaphakathi. Ezi zinambuzane zihlala ixesha elide, elihlala malunga neveki ezimbini. Awuchaphazeli impawu ezintle zeziqhamo, kuba zikhawuleza zivela kubo. Ukucetyiswa kunconywa ukuba kusetyenziswe kwisigaba sesibini sokwenziwa kwentwasahlobo yemithi yamapula.
Inambuzane ezinokuqhagamshelana eziqhelekileyo zilandelayo:
- benzophosphate;
- carbofos;
- i-trichlorol-5.
Phakathi kweziyobisi zesenzo esithandwa kakhulu kukuba:
- insegar;
- actar;
- karate zeon.
Ngethuba lokunyangwa kwe-aple-imithi evela kwiintsholongwane, kunokwenzeka ukuba ungasebenzisi nje i-agents ze-khemikhali, kodwa kunye neengxaki ezahlukeneyo:
- ubhedu okanye i-vitriol yensimbi;
- ikhonksi e-anyanisi;
- igalikhi;
- uthuli;
- isepha.
Ngaloo ndlela, ukucubungulwa kwentwasahlobo yezihlahla ze-apula kuya kubakhusela kwimpembelelo engalunganga yezinambuzane, ezinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwisityalo esizayo, kwaye oko kukuthintela ukulahleka kwayo.