Iyintoni intsingiselo yobomi babantu? Mhlawumbi ekufuneni uthando? Kuphela oku kukujonga, iintlobo zothando, njengoko zivela, azikho ezimbalwa.
Luhlobo luni lothando?
Siyathanda igama elithi "uthando" ngelizwi elibi, elifihla amehlo ethu. Kodwa emva koko, uthando luhluke, olunye uthando, le ngcamango ayigcini. Ngoko, luhlobo luni luthando?
Uluhlu oluthile lunomdla olunikezwa ngumfilosofi u-Erich Fromm emsebenzini wakhe weThe Art of Love. Uhlobo luthando kule ncwadi lubizwa ngokuba yizinto, kwaye ukuvakalelwa ngokwawo kubonakala njengendlela yokwazi imfihlakalo yomntu. Ngoko, ziphi iintlobo zothando ukusuka ku-Fromm?
- Uthando lobuzalwana luvakalelo olusekelwe kumvakalelo wobunye nabanye abantu. Luthando phakathi kokulinganayo.
- Uthando lwabazali (umzali) -alubonakalwanga kuphela kumama (utata) kumntwana, le mvakalelo isekelwe kwiminqweno yokunceda isidalwa esibuthakathaka, esingenakunceda.
- Uthando ngokwakho. I-Fromm ibona kuyimfuneko ukubonakalisa uthando lomnye umntu. Ifilosofi ikholelwa ukuba umntu ongazithandi, akanako ukuthanda konke.
- Uthando ngoThixo luvakaliswa umgca wokudibanisa womphefumlo womntu. I-Fromm iyayiqwalasela isiseko seentlobo zonke zothando.
- Uthando olunothando - iimvakalelo zabantu abadala abadala komnye nomnye. Uthando olunjalo ludinga ukuhlanganiswa okupheleleyo, ubunye kunye nomntu okhethiweyo. Ubume balolu thando luyingqayizivele, ngoko le ntliziyo inokuhlala ngokuvisisana nezinye iindidi zothando, ibe ngumnqweno ozimele.
Kodwa i-Fromm ayizibandakanyi ngokuqiqa ngezi ntlobo zintlanu zothando, ubona iindlela ezimbini ezichaseneyo zokuthanda - ukudala kunye nokulimaza. Iyokuqala iyomeleza ukuvakalelwa kobomi, igxininisa ukubonakaliswa kokunyamekela, inzala, impendulo yangempela kwaye inokuqondiswa kumntu kunye nesifundo okanye ingcamango. Owesibini ufuna ukunyusa umntu othandayo inkululeko; eqinisweni, ngumonakalo. Kodwa oku akusiyo yonke into, i-Fromm ifumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubonakaliswa kothando, ukwahlula phakathi kweefom ezivuthiweyo nezifayo.
Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba zininzi iintlobo zothando, ifilosofi ibona kuphela into engabhekiswa kumntu omnye ukuba abe yinyaniso. Ukuba uthanda umntu omnye kuphela kwaye ungabandakanyeli kubo bonke abanye, ngoko oku kungabizwa ngokuba yi-symbiosis, kodwa ingabi uthando.
Umbono wothando phakathi kwamaGrike asendulo
Umbuzo woluhlobo luni lomthando, unomdla kuluntu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, umzekelo, kwiGrisi yamandulo, kwakukho inkcazelo yeentlobo ezi-5 zothando.
- Agape. Olu hlobo lothando lugqithiso. Oku kukuthanda, ukulungele ukuzinikela. Kwihlabathi lamaKristu, iimvakalelo ezinjalo zibhekwa njengobonakaliso bothando lommelwane wakho. Akukho ndawo yokukhangela kuye intanda, esekelwe kwimpawu zangaphandle.
- Eros. AmaGrike awabiza ngeli gama ngothando, ngomdla. Esi sininzi sithatha inkolelo yokunqula, kuba isekelwe ekuzinikeni, kwaye kuphela ngokokukhangela ngesondo.
- Storge. Ngokuqhelekileyo isinyathelo esilandelayo ekuphuhlisweni kwefom yangaphambili. Emva koko ulwalamano luyongezwa kwintando. Nangona kungenjalo ngenye indlela - ukunyamezela nokunyaniseka kubonakala emva kweminyaka emininzi yobudlelwane.
- Filio. Uthando olunjalo luvame ukubizwa ngokuba yi-platonic, ngenxa yeentlobo zonke zothando kwakunguFilia owakhuliswa nguPlato kwi-pedestal. Loo mvakalelo usekelwe ekukhangekeni kokomoya, sinokuthi uthando luyifom ecocekileyo. Sivalelwa ngabahlobo bethu abakhulu, abazali kunye nabantwana.
- Mania. Olu luthando lwabizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlanya koothixo" ngamaGrike kwaye wayebhekwa njengesilwangiso ngokwenene. Ngenxa yokuba olo thando luyintsikelelo, lenza umntu onomdla ahlupheke, kaninzi ufumana into enomdla. Le mvakalelo iyonakalisayo, iyalela ukuba ihlale isondele kwinto yokudumisa, yenza ukuba ube nesifiso esibuhlungu kunye nomona.
Luhlobo luni luthando olunzima kunzima ukuthetha lukhuni, konke kuxhomekeke kwinto ethathwa njengamandla. Ukuba sikhumbula engqongqo yeminqweno, akukho nto inokuthelekiswa noMania no-Eros, kodwa iimvakalelo ezinjalo zihlala zifutshane. Ezinye iintlobo aziyi kudala isiphepho esinjalo kwimiphefumlo yethu, kodwa zikwazi ukuhlala nathi ixesha elide, ngamanye amaxesha bonke ubomi babo.