I-jaundice yimeko apho isikhumba, isikhohlela kunye neembumba ezinamaqabunga zifumana i-tint yellow. Ivela ngenxa yokuqokelela ngokweqile kwe-bilirubin egazini, kunye nokufakwa kwayo kwiifom. Zininzi iintlobo ze-jaundice kuxhomekeke kwi-pathogenesis yayo. Ingaba yinto enobungozi, i-adrenal ne-adrenal.
I-hepatic jaundice
Ukubonakala kwe-jaundice ye-hepatic kubangelwa ukuphulwa kwe-intrahepatic bilirubin metabolism. Kwimeko enjalo, umbala ocacileyo kakhulu we-sclera, isikhumba kunye neserum ngumpawu. Kukho iintlobo ze-jaundice ezikhula kwisibindi:
- I-Enzymopathic - iyimpawu yokungasebenzi ngokwaneleyo kwee-enzyme, ezijongene neenkqubo zokuxilonga ze-bilirubin).
- I-Cholestatic - olu hlobo lwe-jaundice lwenzeka ngesifo sofuba esingapheliyo, nayiphi na umonakalo wesibindi sobungozi, i-cholestasis ephindaphindiweyo, i-cirrhosis yamabhanari ephambili kunye ne-hepatosis yabesifazane abakhulelweyo).
- I-Hepatic-cell - ibonakala i-hepatitis, i-cirrhosis yesibindi, i-exposed toxic substances, umonakalo otywala ngotywala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamachiza athile).
Ukuphazanyiswa kwe-bilirubin metabolism kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-jaundice ezingabangela ukuba i-yellowing yesikhumba kuphela, kodwa kunye nesicathulo, isisitya kunye neziphambano ezivulekileyo, umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu kwi-hypochondrium.
Hemolytic jaundice
I-hemolytic jaundice ibangelwa ukunganyaniseki okwandayo kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wokubunjwa kwe-bilirubin, apho isibindi asinakukwazi ukuyikhuphela ngokupheleleyo. Loo mqathango unokuba ngumntwana okanye ufumane unyaka. Ithengwa nge:
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi;
- hemoglobinopathy;
- ukuphazamiseka kwemiphunga ;
- lymphosarcoma.
Jaundice
Olu hlobo lwe-jaundice, olunjenge-mechanical, luvela ngenxa yokugqitywa kwamathambo e-extrahepatic bile. Oku kuvimbela ukugeleza okuqhelekileyo kwe-bile kwi-duodenum. Le meko, njengomyalo, isiphumo sobukho kumathambo amatye, i-tumor okanye i-parasites.