I-meningitis enobuchule

I-meningitis enobugqwetha isisongelo esisongela ubomi kwiimbumba zengqondo kunye nomgudu womgudu, uhlobo lwebhakteria. Ininzi ye-meningitis ehlanjululwayo ibangelwa yi- infection ye-meningococcal (i-20% yamatyala), i-pneumococci (ukuya kwi-13%) kunye nentonga ye-hemophilic (ukuya kuma-50%). Amatyala asele awela kwi sabelo se-streptococcal kunye nesifo se-staphylococcal, i-salmonella, ukusulelwa ngu-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, intonga kaFriedlander.

Iintlobo ze-meningitis ehlambulukileyo

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezibangela isifo, i-meningitis ihlukaniswe ngo:

1. I-meningitis ephambili yeprayimenti. Zimela isifo esizimeleyo, sichukunyiswe ngosulelo lwebhaktheriya (umz., I-meningococcal meningitis).
2. I-meningitis yesiqhelo. Ukuphuhlisa njengengxaki kwizinye izifo, ngokuqhelekileyo nezifo ze-ENT: i-otitis, sinusitis, njl.

Ngendlela ekhoyo ngoku, i-meningitis ihlukaniswe ngo:

• umbane ngokukhawuleza
• bukhali;
• ngxaki;
• engapheliyo.

Ngokuxhomekeka kububungqina bobubonakaliso beempawu zekliniki, imiphunga, emaphakathi, enzima kunye neyona ndlela ibuhlungu kakhulu yesifo isodwa.

I-pululent meningitis isetyenziswe njani?

Ngesi sifo, ukusuleleka ngokuqhelekileyo kungena ebuchosheni ngendlela eyingozi, oko kukuthi, ngegazi. Ngokwalo, i-meningitis ayithelisi, kodwa isifo esisisiseko, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isifo sobungozi bebhakteria esingazibangela. Ukudluliselwa kwabo kunokwenzeka ngokuqhagamshelana (ngoqhagamshelwano lomzimba, ngezinto zokuhlambulula umntu) kunye neentlobo zamanzi (ikakhulukazi izifo, ezinokubangela i-meningitis yesibili).

Iimpawu ze-meningitis ephuculweyo

Nge-meningitis enegazi, zikhona:

• ukwanda kweqondo lomzimba;
• buthathaka;
• ukungabi nesidlo, isisongela kunye nokuhlanza;
• iintloko, zikhutshwe ngokunyakaza okanye nayiphi na umthwalo;
• intlungu kunye kunye neentlungu, ukunciphisa ithoni ye-muscle;
• Umbono ongenakonakala kunye nentlungu emehlweni;
• ukukhubazeka kokuva;
• ukukhubazeka kwesifo se-face, strabismus, ukuginya izifo;
• i-skin rashes, echaphazela okokuqala imilenze, kodwa ngokukhawuleza isasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba;
• ukudideka, i-delirium, i-hallucinations, i-coma.

Iimpawu zivame ukubonakaliswa kwifom ecacileyo ngomhla we-2-3 wesi sifo kwaye ithambe ukuqinisa. Imisunduzo engakhokelela ekufeni kwezicubu, kunye neziphazamiso ezibonakalayo zobomi beengqondo, zibonakalisa izinto ezinobungozi ezingakhokelela ekufeni kwesigulane.

Ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kwe-meningitis

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umfanekiso weklinikhi kunye ne-meningitis ubizwa, kwaye ukuxilongwa kuyasungulwa lula. Ukuyiqinisekisa kwaye ukuseka uhlobo lokusuleleka kwe-bhakteria, kutyunjwa ukutyhulwa (isampuli ye-cerebrospinal fluid ukuhlalutya). Xa i-meningitis ene-purulent ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokurhoxiswa kwe-cerebrospinal fluid, ingcinezelo yonyuka kunye noxinzelelo. Izifundo ezongezelelweyo zibonisa umxholo okongezelelweyo weprotheni kunye neeseli ze-leukocyte (ikakhulukazi i-neutrophils). Ukunqunywa kwentsholongwane yebhaktheriya kuqhutyelwa izifundo ezincinci.

Ekubeni i-meningitis ye-purulent iyingozi kakhulu kwaye isifo esongela ubomi, unyango lwayo luqhutywa kuphela esibhedlele, phantsi kolawulo lwezonyango, kwaye kufuneka uqale ngokukhawuleza.

Unyango oluphambili lwe-meningitis ye-purulent yindlela enkulu yokwelapha ngamayeza okulwa ne-penicillin kunye ne- cephalosporin . Ngokufanayo kunye namayeza anokusetyenziswa:

• i-corticosteroids;
• iziyobisi ezichasayo;
• i-droppers ne-saline kunye ne-glucose;
• i-diuretics yokususwa kotywala komzimba.