Izilwanyana ezinonophelo nezondlo zazithandwa ngezindlela ezininzi: ziyanandipha ngokuzonwabisa ngabantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Kodwa akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo malunga nokukhula kwamanqwanqwa kunye nalapho umhlaba wabo wasezantsi. Ngalesi sityalo esimangalisayo kunye nokulima kwamanqatha ekhaya, siza kuxela kweli nqaku.
Uphi na amanqanawa akhula?
Amanqwanqwa angowesibini yentsapho yemigqabi, kwaye isityalo esinomnyaka owodwa esinezityalo ezincinci. EYurophu, izilwanyana zazingeniswa kwi-West Indies, apho, kwakhona, evela ezweni lakubo-eMzantsi Melika. Amanqatha - isitshalo kakhulu, i-thermophilic kunye nokulima kwayo iimeko eziphantsi komhlaba zifanelekile. Ekhaya kwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba ezityalo zasendle zikhula njengamaxesha okuphela. Imvelaphi engummandla wezityalo zomhlaba kunye neemeko eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwayo ngokuqhelekileyo: ukushisa okuphezulu (kwi-+20 ukuya kwi-272 degrees Celsius) kunye nezinga eliphakathi.
Indlela yokukhulisa izilwanyana kwisayithi?
Kusemasimini, amanqatha angakhula kuphela kwimimandla esemzantsi. Kwiimeko zendawo yesityalo esilinganiselweyo, umntu unokulindela kuphela xa akhula iinqanawa kwindawo yokugcina i-greenhouse.
- Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuhluma imbewu. Ukwenza oku, thatha i-peanut ebusiweyo uze uyihlume kwendwangu ebomvu. Yenza ngcono ekupheleni kuka-Epreli-ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Inkqubo yonke yokuhluma kweesityalo iya kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezilishumi. Imbewu ehluma ihlwayelwe kwiimbiza kunye nomhlaba kwaye ikhule izithombo. Kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokuhluma, izityalo zingatyalwa kwisitya.
- Kwi-greenhouse, kulungele ukubeka amanqwanqwa eduze kweetamatato. Iityuwa zityalo ezikhulayo kwaye emva kokususa amaqabunga aphantsi kwiitato, kukho indawo eyaneleyo yokuhlala. Amanqwanqwane ayithinteli kuphela ukuphuhliswa okuqhelekileyo kweetamatisi, kodwa i-nitrogen iyimfuneko ukuba ityatile iyimfuneko.
- Umbhede ngaphambi kokutyala amantongomane kufuneka ukhululeke ngokucophelela, kuba iziqhamo ezivela kumanqwanqwa zenziwa phantsi komhlaba.
- Iimvumba eziqhakazile ziqala ngasekupheleni kukaJuni, xa isityalo sifinyelela ukuphakama kwe-15-20 cm. Imifuno ihlala iinyanga ezili-1.5, emva koko, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, iziqhamo ziqala ukudala. Ngethuba lonyaka, isityalo sivelisa izimbali ezingaphezu kwe-200, ngasinye sinohlala olunye usuku.
- Ukwakhiwa kweziqhamo kumanqatha kuyinkqubo enomdla kakhulu. Emva kokuba iintyatyambo zityalwa kwaye i-ovary yenziwa, ilala phantsi kwaye iqala ukungcwatyelwa kuyo. Umntwana ukhula phantsi komhlaba, kwaye loo maqanda ahlala ephahleni afe.
- Unonophelo olusisiseko, olufuna amagqabi - intaba. Ukuqulunqwa kwesiqhelo sesithelo kunye nokuvuna okulungileyo, kubalulekile ukuvelisa iinduli ezintathu: ekupheleni kukaJulayi, izilwanyana zityalwa kunye nomxube wokuhlamba umyezo kunye nomquba ekuphakameni kwama-30 mm, kwaye ngo-Agasti bahlamba kabini ngaphezu kwe-15-20 mm.
- Unokuqala ukuvuna izilwanyana emva kokuba amaqabunga aphendukile. Oku kufuthi kwenzeke kwisiqingatha sokuqala sikaSeptemba. Iifesi zePeanut zicutshulwe emhlabathini ngokupheleleyo, zidibanise kakuhle kwaye zimile elangeni. Emva kweentsuku eziyi-10-12, iiembotyi ziqala ukuhlukana ngokulula.
Indlela yokukhulisa izilwanyana ekhaya?
Amanqatha omhlaba angaphinda akhule ekhaya, kwifestile. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka uhlume imbewu kwaye uhlume ebhodweni leentyatyambo. Ukuze uphuhliso olupheleleyo, umhlaba ebhodweni kufuneka ukhululeke kwaye ungadambisi, kwaye isityalo ngokwawo kufuneka sitshathwe rhoqo. Ukutshiza rhoqo kuya kunceda ukugcina umgangatho ofanelekileyo wokunyuka kwamanqatha kunye nokukhusela kwizityalo zesicabungulu. Iwindow yefestile yamanqwanqwane kufuneka aphule kakuhle kwaye aphefumle umoya, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo likhuselwe kwii-drafts.
Kwakhona kuthi unokufunda ukukhula kwamanye amanqatha: i- cashews kunye ne- pistachios .