Kuyacaca nasiphi na isilimi ukuba unyango lwe-currant entwasahlobo ezivela kwizifo kunye neentsholongwane ngumlinganiselo onyanzelekileyo wegadi. Emva koko, i-agent ekhuselekileyo yezifo kunye nezibungu ze-parasites zinyamezela ukunyamezela ezinqabileyo ezinkulu kunye nokuqala kobushushu kungonakalisa inkcubeko kunye nokuchaphazela isivuno sayo.
Unonophelo lwe-Currant-spring, iingcebiso zabagadi bexesha elifanelekileyo
Inani leenambuzane nezifo lunokuncitshiswa lula ngokucwangcisa imisebenzi yokunakekelwa kwenkcubeko kulo nyaka. Unyango lwe-currant entwasahlobo luqala ngokubhalwa kwehlathi. Kubalulekile ukuphelisa amagatsha omileyo kunye nezifo. Iziqwenga zitshisa-ziyindawo enokubangela iipasasites. Umhlaba phantsi kweengcawa ucebise ukuba ufefe ngomlotha kwaye utyongwe - oku kuya kuwonakalisa izidleke kunye nokujoliswa kwee-spores kunye nezibungu. Emva komhlaba, ufafaze i-humus, eya kusebenza njengehlathi kwihlobo lonke. Emva koko unokucwangcisa unyango lwe-currant entwasahlobo ezivela kwizifo kunye nezilwanyana ezinambuzane.
Indlela yokuphatha i-currant entwasahlobo?
Ukugqiba okokuba uhlalutye i-currant entwasahlobo evela kwizifo kunye nezinambuzane, abaninzi banokuthabatha uncedo lweekhemikhali. Ngexesha elifanayo, kubalulekile ukugcina imigangatho yokunkcenkceshela ngokucacileyo, kuba uhlaza lwe-currant luqala kakhulu, kwaye utshintsho luvele ngokukhawuleza. Ukuqhuba iinkqubo ezifanayo kuyimfuneko phambi kokuvula ukuhluma. Benza ukuxhaphaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, xa iintso ziqala ukukhahlela kwaye azikaze zenze iifom. Unyango lwenziwe kwimozulu efudumeleyo kwiqondo lokushisa lika-5 ° C.
I-currant isetyenziswe entwasahlobo nge-sulfate yethusi
Ukuqhutyelwa kwentwasahlobo, i-sulfate yethusi iyona. Ekubeni akukho maqabunga kumasebe kwaye amaqabunga aqhutywanga, atshabalalisa ngokukhawuleza izibungu zezinambuzane - izibungu, i-aphids, ukusuleleka kwefungal. Ukongezelela, banokuphinda bahlaziye i-disinfect and coarse the ground around the bush. Ukunyanga kwama-currants kunye ne-sulphate yobhedu entwasahlobo kuqhutyelwa kwiinkcenkceshe ezinamandla, njengoko isityalo singenawo amaqabunga, kwaye i-bark iyakwazi ukumelana nemiphumo yesiphumo esiqhelisa ama-parasites.
Isiqhelo sulfuls sulfate singama-gramu ayi-100 kwibhakethi nganye yamanzi, ukwenzela umphumo omkhulu, i-25 grams yesepha yokuhlamba ifakwe kwisisombululo. Ukulungiselela umxube, ukulungiswa kuqala kuthunyelwa ngamanzi atshisayo, kuba kwindawo epholileyo ayihlanjululwa kwaye ihlanjululwe kwindleko efunekayo. Isisombululo esifumene sihlanjululwa ngokukhululekile ngamasebe esityalo kwaye sinisela ummandla ojikelezayo. Umhla wokugqibela wokugqitywa kwenkqubo ngowokuphela kukaMatshi kunye nokuqala kuka-Epreli.
I-Currant isetyenziselwa entwasahlobo nge vitriol
Hayi nje ukucoca kancinci, kodwa kunye nokulungiselela umyezo wobusika, i-iron sulphate iyinyani. Yinto enobungcipheko yokukhupha izifo, isikhunta, i-scab, i-lichens, izivuno zezityalo, ezifanelekileyo ukukhusela i-chlorosis. Unyango lwama-currants nge vitriol enomthamo entwasahlobo-ukulingana okufanelekileyo:
- Ukulwa nezinambuzane ezinobungozi (kubandakanywa ubusika phantsi kwe-bark) - 500 g ngalinye nge-10 ilitha amanzi. Izihlahla zixhoma ngokukhawuleza phambi kokuvulwa kweentso, okwesibini-ngoNovemba.
- Ukulwa nezifo zefungal zisebenzisa isisombululo esicinci se-vitriol yesinyithi - 30 g yesithako nge-10 ilitha zamanzi. Ukutshiza kwenziwa ngeentsuku ezingama-2-3 nganye iintsuku ezi-5-7.
- Ukuze unqobe isifo se-chlorosis (ukungabikho kwensimbi emhlabeni), 50 g yesilwanyana ihlanjululwa kwi-10 ilitha amanzi. Ukunkcenkceshela kwenziwa rhoqo iintsuku ezi-4-5 ngaphambi kokuvuselela umbala obomvu wamagqabi.
Ukucubungula i-Currant kwi-spring Bordeaux liquid
Ngokwesiko, unyango lwe-currant entwasahlobo ezivela kwizifo kunye neentlanzi nge- Bordeaux umxube wenziwa kamva, ekuqaleni kokuvula kweentso. Igcina inkcubeko kwi-scab kunye ne-leaf blotch, i-anthracnose, i-rust, i-septoriosis. Ukuzaliswa kwesisombululo kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwesityalo:
- Ngaphambi kokubamba izintso, umxube we-3% owandisiweyo - 300 g ye-lime kunye no-300 g we-sulphate eyomileyo ithathwa nge-10 l yamanzi. Isilinganiso sokusetyenziswa komxube ngu-0.5-1 ilitha nganye. Akukhuthazwa ukuba kunkcenkceshe i-Bordeaux liquid ngexesha elipholileyo okanye ngexesha lemvula ende. Ukuze usebenze, sebenzisa umxube olungele ukulungiswa.
- Ukwelashwa okwesibini kwe-currant ye-Bordeaux liquid i cwangciswe kwinqanaba lokusekwa kwe-bud, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba livule nge-1% isisombululo: 10 ilitha zamanzi nge-100 g ye-lime kunye ne-sulfate ye-copper.
- Kwiintsuku ezili-15 emva kokuvuna, enye yokunkcenkceshela kufuneka iqhutywe kunye ne-1% yomxube weBordeaux.
I-currant iqhutywe entwasahlobo kunye ne-urea
I-Carbamide ( urea ) ngumanyolo we-nitrogen nge 46% yomxholo we-nitrogen. Unyango lwalolu hlobo lwezonyango luxazulula iingxaki ezininzi - lunceda ukulwa nobukhulu bezinambuzane nezifo kunye nokuphucula umhlaba nge nitrojeni, okuyimfuneko ukuba isityalo sikhule ubunzima obuhlaza kwaye sibe nesityalo esinzima. Indlela yokuqhuba inkqubo:
- Ukunkcenkceshela kweprayimari kwenziwa ngaphambi kokusekwa kweentso. Isisombululo silungiselelwe kwisilinganiselo se-500-700 g urea ukuya kwi-10 ilitha amanzi. Kwi-10 m 2 indawo ithatha ii-2.5 ilitha zokusebenza kwamanzi.
- Eyona ndlela iphumelele kakhulu unyango lwe-currants kunye ne-urrea ngokubambisana ne-sulfate ye-copper-700 g ye-carbamide kunye ne-50 g ye-vitriol nge-10 ilitha amanzi.
- Kwimeko ye-nitrogen elambileyo, ukuba amaqabunga aphendulela esitshini, ukutshala okubuthathaka kungenziwa olunye ukunkcenkceshela.
Ukucubungulwa kweCurrant kwizilungiso zomntu wasentwasahlobo
Ukuba ekulweni nezilwanyana azinqweneli ukusebenzisa iikhemikhali, ngoko kufanelekile ukucwangcisa i-currants kunye nezilwanyana zomntu. Kuzo naziphi na izifo kunye nezinambuzane ungasifaka amahlathi kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo. I-tincture yegalikhi, umhlonyane, ucuba, i-anic husks ibonakala ilungile. Ziye zasetyenziselwa ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi, ukuphumelela kuye kwabonakaliswa. Olu hlobo lonyango aluniki umphumo wokuqala wokunkcenkceshela ngamalungiselelo amakhemikhali, kodwa ukunyonyelwa kukukhuselekileyo kwintsimi yonke, kwaye abantu kunye nama-molecule awonakalisayo kumajikijolo aya kuba.
Unyango lwama-currant bushes entwasahlobo kunye namanzi abilayo
Indlela ephantsi kakhulu ukuphatha i-currant entwasahlobo evela kwizifo kunye neentlanzi kunye noncedo lwamanzi abilayo. Ikunceda ngokukhawuleza ukutshabalalisa i-kidney mite, ehlala ekwindla kwimifuno yezityalo kunye nokuqala kobushushu kuchitha amaqabunga enkcubeko. I-currant iphethwe ngamanzi abilayo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba kuhluma. Inkqubo yonyango yokushisa:
- Iingcambu zeengqithi zihlanganiswe ngeentente okanye plywood. Ukuba umsebenzi ulungele ukusebenzisa ukutyilisa izityambo kungenziwa nge-strainer.
- Amanzi afakwa kwi-thumba, athululelwa kwisitya kwaye athatyathele ngokukhawuleza kwesebe ngalinye kwinqaba ephakamileyo ye-15-20 cm. Njengamanzi abilayo afinyelela kumngxuma, ubushushu bawo buya kuhlahlela ukuya kuma-60 ukuya ku-70 ° C kwaye akuyi kubonakalisa isityalo.
- Elinye kwelinye iqela lidla 1-1.2 ilitha lamanzi ashushu.
- Ukwandisa umphumo, ityuwa, iodode, i-manganese okanye i-sulfate yethusi yongezwa kwisisombululo.
I-Currant iqhutywe entwasahlobo kunye ne-ammonia
Isisombululo se-ammonia okanye i-ammonia ekwakhekeni kwayo malunga ne-82% ye-nitrogen, inceda ukuthambisa i-culture. Kwinqanaba lendawo, liyakhathaza kwaye liyakwazi ukutshabalalisa iinqwelo neengqungquthela. Umlinganiselo weliyobisi awunobungozi kubantu, kwaye i-parasite ibangela ukukhubazeka okuphefumulayo. Ukulungiselela isisombululo, thabatha iilitha ezili-10 zamanzi, 40 ml yokulungiselela kunye 40 g yesepha. Isithako sokugqibela senza ukuphucula umphumo wokunamathela.
Ukwelashwa kwe-currant kunye ne-ammonia kubalulekile kungekuphela kwezityalo ezonakalisiweyo, kodwa kusebenza njengemilinganiselo yokukhusela. Ukunkcenkceshela kuveliswa ngoncedo lwe-spray kusihlwa kwimozulu engenamoya. Ukufumana umphumo ophezulu, ukutshiza kungenziwa maxesha amaninzi. Emva kokunyanzeliswa, isityalo kufuneka singanisela amanzi iintsuku eziliqela.
Ukucubungula i-Currant kunye ne-garlic infusions
Emva kokuba isiqhamo sebheri siphelile, kuyinqweneleka ukuyifakela ngeendlela ezikhuselekileyo, ukuze ungagcwalisi iziqhamo ngamachiza. Ukusuka kwiintlobo ezininzi ezinambuzane eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo, ziyi-insecticide. Iigrakhi ziyakunceda ukujamelana nezilwanyana ze-currant, i-aphids, iimpukane, iikhoke. Sebenzisa ukunyuswa kwiimpawu zokutshatyalaliswa kwehlathini ngama-parasites nasiphi na isigaba sityalo kwisityalo.
Ukwenza isisombululo, i-300 g yegalikhi kufuneka ihlulwe ngokukhawuleza, uthele i-2 litres zamanzi uze ugxininise iiyure ezingama-24. Emva koko ukufakelwa kwamanzi kucocekisiwe, ukunyamezela ngokugqithiseleyo i-garlic mass, kunye ne-currant iqhutyelwa kwiintlekele. Ngaphambi kokunkcenkceshela, i-50 ml ye-infusion iyahlanjululwa nge-10 ilitha amanzi, i-10 ilitha yomxube isetyenziswe kwi-2-3 shrubs. Inkqubo ilungele ukuchitha iintsuku eziliqela ngokulandelelana, ukwenzela ukuba ulahlwe ama-parasites. Ukuphucula ukuphumelela kokunkcenkceshela ekungeneni, ungongeza isepha yokuhlamba - igramu ezili-15 nge-4 ilitha yomxube osebenzayo.
Ukucubungula i-Currant ngesepha
Ukususela kuma-aphids kunye nezifo ezifuthayo ziza kunceda ukulahla i-tar okanye isisombululo sesepha sasekhaya. Amanzi afudumele kumthamo weelitha ezili-10 idibene ne-400 g yesithako, egalelwe kwi-grater enkulu, isisombululo siyaxutyushwa de kube iqela lichithe ngokupheleleyo. Le mpendulo yomntu kufuneka isetyenziswe ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-5 ngokulandelelana, de kube izibonakaliso zokubonakaliswa kweziganeko zentsholongwane kwizityalo zingayi kutshabalala. Ukukhusela kunye nokukhuselwa kwiintlobo zee-currant bushes ezivela kwiinyoni nezifo ezinesisombululo sesepha zenziwa ngaphambi nangemva kokuhluma.
Ukucubungulwa kweCurrant nge-blowtorch
Ekulweni ne-kidney mite, isikhumba se-powdery, i-aphid kunye nezibilini, indlela yokunyusa ubushushu, equka ukutshisa amagatsha e-currant avulekileyo, ngokufanelekileyo. Umsebenzi kufuneka uqhutywe entwasahlobo kuze kube sezintsheni ezivuthayo (ekuqaleni kweKwindla), ngamanye amaxesha ngeli xesha phantsi kweentsiba kusekho iqhwa. Kule nkqubo, kubalulekile ukuba ungabi sekwephuzile, ngaphandle koko amehlo angase afe.
I-currant iphethwe ngomlilo usebenzisa i-blowtorch okanye i-gas burner. Kule meko, isityalo ngasinye kunye nomhlaba kufuphi nesiqithi sitshiswa ngokutsha ngotangatye. Umlilo uthunyelwa kumahlumela kumgama we-8-10 cm kwaye uqhutyelwa kwi-trunk izikhathi ezili-2-3, njengokungathi u-stroking. Misela ilangatye lamasebe kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide endaweni enye ayikwazi. Umsebenzi kufuneka ube nokuzola kunye nokuzithemba, into ephambili akuyikuyidlulisa kwaye ingonakalisi iintso. Kule nkqubo, amaqanda e-aphid kunye nentshontsho ebusika kwizintso ziyafa.