Ukususela kwizityalo ezikhulile ekhaya, awufumani nje ukuzonwabisa okuthandwayo, kodwa uncedo olungokoqobo. Ukuhlaziywa kwifestile kuyinto elula ukuyibeka ekhitshini kwaye unqande amahlumela amatsha ngqo kwitafile. Ukunyaniseka, ngoko nokuba abantwana banokubukela njani indlela ekhula ngayo.
Imfihlelo yokukhula eluhlaza kwifestile
Igadi-mini kwifestile ngezandla zabo ukuxhobisa ubunzima kunokuba banakekele iintlobo ezilula kakhulu zezityalo zangaphakathi. Ukuze ukwazi indlela yokukhulisa imifuno kwifestile, ufuna ulwazi olubanzi malunga nokukhula kwemifuno ekhaya:
- Iintlobo ezininzi zezityalo zikhula kangcono xa zihlanjululwa ngaphambi kokutshala kwi-substrate. Ukubunjwa kwamanzi kuluhluke - amanzi atshisayo, isisombululo se-manganese okanye umxube osekelwe kwiviniga yewayini.
- Ukuba i-greenener efasiteleni ikhula kakuhle, ihlanganiswe nefilimu ukugcina ubushushu obuvumelekile kunye nomswakama.
Indlela yokutyala imifuno kwifestile?
Ukuthatha uluhlu lwembewu ethembisayo, abalimi baqala ukuzilungiselela. Imbewu ihanjiswa okanye iphoselwe emanzini. Ukhula luya kunika abo bahlala phantsi, kunokuba bathambile phezulu. Qinisekisa indlela yokutshala imifino kwifestile, isicatshulwa-nyathelo-nenyathelo siya kunceda:
- Umhlaba uhlanganiswe kwiibhotile okanye kwiibhokisi, kodwa kungekhona kwi-coma enamandla.
- Isalathiso sayo siphezulu sikhululiwe ngemfoloko okanye intonga yomthi.
- Ngokukhawuleza emva kokutshala, imbewu iyaniselwa kwaye ibeke phantsi kwemisebe yelanga yokufudumala.
I-Primer ye-greenery kwifestile
Umhlaba ovela kumyezo okanye ipaki ibuthakathaka kakhulu ukuba ihlume imifuno yokutya, ebizwa ngokuba yimveliso ye-vitaminised. I-primer ye-greenery kwifestile kufuneka ikhethwe ngokwemiqathango elandelayo:
- Umhlaba okanye umhlaba onomnye uvunwa kusengaphambili ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuya kubakho ukuchaneka okufanelekileyo.
- Ukuba akukho nto yokuthenga i-mix mixes, iyakuthatyathwa yi-chernozem, isanti yomlambo kunye nomhlaba phantsi komgquba.
- Ngaphambi kokuba uhlambele umhlaba kwiibhotile, kubalwa kwi-oven ukwenzela ukukhutshwa yi-disinfection.
Iibhotile zokukhula kweefestile kwifestile
Imifuno, efuna ukuhluma kwiimbewu, ihlwayelwe kwiiplastiki ezincinci kunye neepate. Okwesibini lukhethwayo, kuba izichumisi ezikhuselekileyo zongezwa kwi-peat, ezizinzisa ukukhula kweengcambu ngexesha lokubonakala kwezihlumela zokuqala. Iibhokisi ze-greenery kwifestile kwakhona zineenzuzo zazo:
- ukucima amanzi kunye nokusilela oksijini;
- isivuno esinobutyebi kwizityalo ezinokuphakama kwama-40 cm ngeengcambu ezinamandla;
- ithuba lokudala i-substrate yelaylayer.
Zingaphi kangangoko ukusela amanzi kwimifestile?
Ukuba imbewu ingcwatywe ngokungacacile, akufanele ihlaziye rhoqo, ukuze ingabonakali iingcambu kwaye ingabakhuzi kuzo iinkqubo zokuphazamiseka nokubonakala kwesikhunta. Ngethuba lokuhlambela phantsi kweengcambu, amanzi okushisa kwamanzi adibaniswe kunye nezichumisi zamaminerali. Ukuqonda indlela yokukhulela imifuno kwifestile kwiplati kunye ne-regime yokuthambisa ngokufanelekileyo, kuyafaneleka ukubeka ingqalelo ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliso zokungabikho kokunyamezela:
- umhlaba omile;
- amaqabunga anqabileyo;
- ukubonakala kohlobo oluphuzi kunye ne "rusty" kwi-stem;
- ukutsalwa kwamagqabi amakhulu.
Iifomthi zokutshala iifestile kwifestile
Kukho izityalo (umzekelo, isisil kunye nesipinashi) ezingenako ukunyamezela ukuchumisa kakuhle, njengoko zikhula kakuhle nakwindawo enomdaka kunye nenhlabathi. Amafomati ayinamsebenzi ukuba imifuno iphakathi kokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye akunakufumana ixesha lokufumana izinto ezincedo okanye izinto ezingundoqo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwiifestile kuqala kwiveki emva kokuvela kweentshuntshi, okwesibini emva kokukhethwa, kunye nokugqwesa kokugqibela okumiselwe emva kokukhula kweengcambu. Kuyinzuzo yokuba isebenzise:
- humus;
- ukuchithwa kwe-Herbinal Mulberry;
- ityuwa ye potassium;
- urea ;
- superphosphate ;
- imvubelo.
Luhlobo luni lohlaza olungakhula kwifestile?
Kwihostela unako ukukhula phantse nayiphi na izityalo zetrafti eluhlaza, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka uqikelele ixesha lexesha kunye nobunzima bokunyamekela iintlobo ezikhethiweyo. Xa unquma ukuba luphi uhlobo oluhlaza lokutshala kwifestile, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela:
- xabiso kunye nokufumaneka kwembewu;
- ububanzi be window kunye nesakhono sayo;
- umthamo kunye nenani leembiza kunye nezinye izitya;
- ukukhanya kunye nokubonakala kokukhanya okungeziwe.
I-anyanisi efayili yefestile
Iingcamango zokuhluma kwezityalo zemali kunye neengqolowa zokufumana izilwanyana ezixhamliweyo ziyacetyiswa ukuba ziqale nge-anyanisi eluhlaza. Amahlumela akhe - uhlobo oluhlaza elufestile "lwabaqalayo." Esi sivuno sezolimo sifunde kakuhle sivelisa ukukhula ngokucokisekileyo kumanzi nge-hydroponics indlela kunye nasemhlabeni. Ayifuni iibhokisi eziphakamileyo, kuba ingcambu ebuthakathaka yee-anyanisi iya kubakho neengqayi eziphantsi, ezikhulayo i-cacti. Indlela yodwa yokufumana isivuno kukukhetha i-bulb enempilo ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- ukungabikho kwempawu zokubola;
- ikomityi yeengcambu ezinomdaka ngaphandle kwemonakalo kunye nefungus;
- Ukuxininisa okukhulu xa uziva.
Dill kwi-greenhouse efestile
I-Dill - yonyaka, akunakwenzeka ukufumana izityalo ezi-2-3 ukusuka kuyo. Kwiimeko zendlu okanye indlu, ukutshala kwezinto eziqhotyoshelweyo kwiindlu ezivela kwimbewu yale nkcubeko kuza kuthatha kwiiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5. Xa kutyalwa ukususela ekuqaleni kukaOktobha ukuya ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, iilitha zikhanyiswa ngezibane zepluorescent. Indlela elula kukunyamekela isityalo ukuba ikhula ukusuka ngoMatshi ukuya kuSeptemba. Incedo kuye:
- i-ceramic okanye ibumba lobumba ngobungakanani obuyi-20 cm kunye nemigodi yamanzi;
- ukukhula okutshiweyo kwifestile kufuneka udaka lomyezo;
- amanzi kwi-spray ukuze ahlaziye amahlumela amaxesha amathathu ngeveki;
- udongwe olwandisiweyo lokucoca amanzi.
I-garlic eluhlaza elufestile
Umyezo kwifestile uvumela ukwamkelwa kwezinto ezivakalayo kwi-garlic, kuthathwa njengesiphelo. Fumana amahlumela ngeendlela ezintathu: ukusuka kwiimbewu, i-denticles kunye nama-denticles. Xa impendulo yombuzo othi "uluhlaza obunjani ukukhula kwifestile?" Kucinga isisombululo esheshayo, kucetyiswa ukuthatha i-lobules esele ihlume. Inoculum enjalo idinga ukunakekelwa ngokunyanisekileyo:
- Ubunzulu besitya sokutyala akumele sibe ngaphantsi kwe-15 cm, ngoko iingcambu ziyakwazi ukukhula kuyo ngaphandle kwemiqobo.
- Ukufakelwa kwesondlo kufakwe kwi-substrate, ngaphandle kwabo ukukhula kuya kuncitshiswa kakhulu.
- Ukunkcenkceshela kuvunyelwe njengoko umhlaba umile.
- Ukukhanyisa kufanele kunikwe iiyure eziyi-8 ngosuku.
Uluhlaza obuncedo kwifestile - iparsley
Imifuno entsha ye-parsley yinto eyaziwayo kunye neyendalo yonke kwiikhosi zokuqala neyesibini. Ukukhula okuluhlaza kwifestile kule ngxaki kubangelwa yimpawu ezintle zeparsley yesitolo: imifuno yokutshisa i-greenhouse ineziqabunga ezinqabileyo kunye nenambitha enomuncu. Kwixesha elifudumeleyo, iibhokisi kunye neparsley zingafakwa kwi-balcony, emva kokuba zenze imingxuma yamanzi. Ukuze iparsley efulethini iwanike amahlumela aphezulu, iintlobo zokuvuthwa kwangaphambili zikhethiweyo:
- "I-Alley Enqabileyo";
- "Fitness";
- "Umthendeleko waseRashiya";
- "Ububanzi";
- "Ukunyusa kwasekuseni";
- "Umlenze we-Emerald."
Ekhaya oluhlaza elufestile - coriander
Zonke iintlobo ze-coriander ziziva zikhululekile kwisitya esincinci, kuba azinqweneli ukutsalwa, zombini nakwiindawo ezivaliweyo. Iziqu ezinde ziyakunqunyulwa ixesha emva kwexesha, kodwa ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuvuna lixesha eli-1 ngenyanga. Ukuhlwanyiswa kwendawo ehlala kuyo yonke unyaka nge-cilantro ecocekileyo kulula ukufumana ukuba uyakhula kwimbewu:
- Kwisinye isayizi sobukhulu obuphakathi, ngaphandle kokuncintisana omnye nomnye, iibhasi ezimbini ziyakhula. Iingcambu zaso zizinzi kwaye azibandakanyi - azikwazi ukuthatha ubunzima bomnye nomnye.
- I-Cilantro iyanqabile ukungabi nesikhojeni, idinga ibumbi lobumba kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi.
- Imbewu yakhe iyagcinwa i-2-3 cm ngaphandle kwe-ramming kunye nokugcoba.
- Imifuno enjalo kwifestile, njenge-coriander, inika amahlumela okuqala kwiintsuku ezingama-2-3 emva kokuhlwayela.
- Udinga ukuthambisa okuninzi, apho umhlaba uhlala umanzi.
Ukuhluma okutsha kwifestile - isaladi
Iklabishi kunye nesaladi ephekiweyo ayifanelekanga ukutshiza, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuthenga imbewu yeentlobo zeqabunga. Amagqabantshintshi ayo amnandi kakhulu ayagula kwaye akhula ngokukhawuleza - ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo kwifestile kwamasimi omsebenzi oqalayo. Umbala weqabunga kunye nokuxhatshaza akuxhomekeke ekubeni zikhula kwinqanaba elangeni lefestile okanye cha. Eminye imihlobo efanelekileyo yiLolo Rossa, "Red Crado" kunye ne "Odessa". Ukukhula okuzinzile kweyiphi na, kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho ethile:
- Ukungakhuselekanga kwimisebe ye-ultraviolet akuthethi ukuchasana nokushisa. Ukushisa kwemoya ephakamileyo kukukhokelela ekutshweni kwamahlumela amancinci: de ukuvulwa kwamagqabi, iimbiza kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo epholile kunye nefestile efayili.
- Isaladi inika isivuno esheshayo, akunakunceda ukukhula, njengoko iqala ukuqhuma. Unokwenza ubuqhetseba: ubomi obuninzi kule festile ludluliselwa ngokusoka ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Emva kokuba ubunzima obunzima buqala ukuzama ukukhwela, kunqunywe ngaphandle kokulimaza inxalenye yengcambu. Ngoko ngehlathi ungasusa esinye isityalo.
- Ijusi leqabunga lixhomekeke kwi-substrate yodongwe. Umxube womhlaba nesanti kumlinganiselo we-5: 1 - konke okufunekayo kwinkqubo yesaladi.
- Kwixesha elibandayo ukukhusela izifo zengcambu kunye neziqu zinceda ukungafihlisi ngendlela yokucoca kunye nesisombululo se-potassium permanganate.