Abagadi bezoninzi bahlala besondla ezinye izityalo ukuvelisa izityalo ezininzi. Kule nto, unokusebenzisa iikhemikhali, kodwa ke, zonke i-nitrates zikho kwisiqhamo. Kukhuselekile, kodwa akukho ngaphantsi kweyona ndlela, ukusebenzisa izichumiso zemvelo, umzekelo urea okanye i- carbamide .
Kule nqaku, uya kufunda malunga nokwakhiwa kwe-urrea, kwaye zeziphi izityalo ezisebenza ngayo njengoko isichumisi sisebenza.
Yintoni urea isichumiso?
I-Urrea yinkomityi ye-nitrogen engakumbi. Ingxenye yale nxalenye yeekhemikhali i malunga ne-46% kwaye ifom ye-amide, echithwa ngokukhawuleza kwizityalo kwaye ihambahamba ngephandle komhlaba.
Umgaqo urea
Emva kokufumana le kholeji emhlabathini, phantsi kwezenzo ze-enzyme, eziveliswa ngama-bacteria ahlala emhlabeni, irea iphenduka i-carbonate i-ammonium. Kwiindawo apho kukho umsebenzi ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo, le nkqubo yenguqu ithatha iintsuku ezingama-2-3 kuphela.
Urea i thengiswa njengama-granules amhlophe angenawo amanzi amhlophe apho ikhefu emva kwexesha liphuma. Ingasetyenziswa ngqo kumhlaba okanye njengesisombululo.
Indlela yokuzalisa umanyolo urea?
Urea ingasetyenziselwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokondla, kuphela ukulinganiswa kokulungiswa komzimba owomileyo kwiilitha ezili-10 zamanzi ziyahluka:
- ngenxa yengcambu - 50-70 g;
- isityalo esincinane - 100 g.
Kodwa ngenxa yezityalo zemifuno, imithi yezityalo kunye nemifudo, iirhafu ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwesi sichumbo ngendlela efomileyo zichazwe.
Ungayisebenzisa njani urea njengomchumisi?
Iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kweerea zezivuno zemifuno zilandelayo zi-dosage (ezixhomekeke kwi-1 m2 yomhlaba):
- ngaphambi kokutshala - ukuya kwi-12 g;
- ngexesha lokukhula okukhulayo-ukuya kwi-10 g;
- phambi kokuba kuqhutywe izimbali - ngendlela yesisombululo, esilungiselelwe ngokulingana kwama-50-60 g ngalinye nge-10 ilitha amanzi.
Imithi kunye nezihlahla, zombini umhlobiso kunye ne-fruit-berry:
- ngexesha lokukhula - 15-20 g;
- emva kweentyantyambo (emva kweentsuku ezingama-5-6) kwaye emva kweentsuku ezingama-30 - kunye nesisombululo se-20-30 g ngalinye nge-10 ilitha amanzi.
Ungakulibali ukuba ukondla ama-raspberries, utamatisi kunye nesichumisi kuya kuzuza.
Ukuba uzisa urea, ukusabalalisa phantsi kwezityalo okanye ukutywinwa emgodini xa uhlanyela kunye nabo, qi niseka ukuthulula kakuhle emva koko.
Yintoni endimele ndiyifunde xa usebenzisa urea?
Ukuba ufuna ukusetyenziswa kwe-urea ukuba ube nomphumo ophezulu, oku kulandelayo makuqwalaselwe:
- Esi sichumiso asicebisi ukuba sixutywe kunye ne-lime, isikhombe, i-dolomite kunye ne-superphosphates elula, kuba ngoku kuxhomekeka kokusebenza kwabo kupheliswe, ngoko akukho mphumo.
- Ngethuba lokusetyenziswa kwalo, u-acidification wenhlabathi uvela, ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme umphumo onjalo wesichumiso, uhambelana nayo, i-calestone ifakwe kwizinga le-1 kg ye-urea ukuya kuma-800 g we-calestone echotshoziweyo.
- I-Ammonium carbonate, etholakala ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwe-urea, xa ichithwa yi-oxygen decomposes, kwaye leyo nxalenye eya kuba yintsholongwane, ilahleka nje, eyanciphisa izinga lokusebenzisa kakuhle. Oku kwenzeka xa urea ifakwe kwindawo evulekile ngaphandle kokungena emhlabathini. Kufuneka kwakhona kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba kwihlabathi le-alkaline ne-neutral ukulahleka kwento ebalulekileyo yeekhemikhali kuphezulu kunabo bonke;
- Ngenxa yokuba i-urea ingcono kunezinye i-nitrogen fertilizer emhlabathini kwaye ihlanjululwa ngokukhawuleza kuyo ngemvula, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukuyisebenzise kule mimandla apho kusetshenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela okanye ukunyusa okucuthayo.