Ukugqithwa ngokubanzi kwama-raspberries kwisakhiwo segadi kuyichazwa ngokubonakala kwayo ukungathobeki kwinkathalo. Uninzi lwabalandeli abangakhuliyo ngokukhethekileyo, bakholelwa ukuba akudingeki ukuba lunyamekelwe, luhlwayelwe kuphela, lutywe kwaye luvunwe. Kodwa enyanisweni, ukuze athole inani elikhulu leeliteji ezintle ezilungileyo, ufanele unakekelo olulodwa ngokubhekiselele kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ingakumbi isichumisi.
Kule nqaku uza kufunda, yintoni kwaye kwaye nawaphi amaxesha ofunekayo ukuba uququze ama-raspberries entwasahlobo.
Ukugqoka okugqwesileyo kukunye kwezigaba ezibalulekileyo zokunyamekela ama-raspberries, ekhulayo kwindawo enye kwintsimi iminyaka emininzi, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina imigangatho kunye nobungakanani bezichumisi ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Iifomflethi zeerspberries
Indlela efanelekileyo yokutya i-raspberries yintlangano ye-organic and mineral fertilizers, eyaziwa rhoqo ngonyaka. Ubungakanani babo kufuneka buhlengahlengiswe ukusuka kwimeko yokuhlamba nokuveliswa komnyaka wokugqibela.
Kule nto, izichumisi zetyuwa zisetyenziswa ngokusetyenziswa ngamandla: i-superphosphate, i-potassium kunye ne-nitrogen fertilizer. Umzobo we-potassium umquba ngumthi womthi, apho kungekho chlorine kwaye kukho zonke izinto ezinokubaluleka ezinokusetyenziswa kwizityalo. Akunakwenzeka ukutshiza ama-raspberries kuphela nge-potassium chloride.
Izitshalo zokucoca izityalo zisetyenziselwa ubuninzi obuninzi:
- umlotha - 150 g / m²;
- urea - kwifom eyomileyo 10-20 g / m², kwisisombululo se 10 l - 50 g;
- I-ammonium nitrate - 15-25 g / m², kodwa ayixutywanga kunye ne-organic;
- eziyinkimbinkimbi: i-30 gram ye-nitrate i-ammonium, i-60 g ye-superphosphate kunye no-40 g weetyuyamu ityuwa ithatyathwa kwibhakethi nganye yamanzi.
Kwihlabathi elumkileyo, iirhafu zefomassium zifuneka zonyuka ngama-30%, kuba zihlanjululwe ngaphandle kwonyaka wesibini emva kwesicelo.
Iziqu zomgquba (umquba, umquba kunye nepeat) ziqulethe izinto ezininzi ezifaka isandla ekuphuhliseni nasekukhuleni kwezityalo: Ca, K, P, N. Kule fomu kulula ukugaya nokunyusa isivuno.
Iimpawu zendalo zisebenzisela i-1mm kwiimilinganiselo ezinjalo:
Umgquba okhutshwayo - 6 kg;- umquba obolile - 10 kg.
Ekubeni i-peat iqulethe inani elincinci lezondlo, kodwa liphucula isakhiwo somhlaba kakuhle, inokungeniswa ngaliphi na ixesha.
Incedo kakhulu kwii-raspberries ukudibanisa ezi zimbini iintlobo zezichumisi, kwi-1 m² kuyimfuneko ukuxuba: 1.5 kg yomquba, 3 g ye-nitrogen, 3 g ye-potassium, 2 g ye-phosphorus.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwiprospberry
Ngentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba ungeze ama-raspberries, kubalulekile ukunqumla amahlumela, ukhula lwokhula kwaye ulunyule ngokucophelela umhlaba ukuya kwi-10 cm, ukuze ungalonakalisi iingcambu.
Izichumiso zetyuwa ziveliswa kabini: 2/3 entwasahlobo, ezinye ziveki ezimbini zokuqala zikaJuni.
Kwiminyaka emithathu yokuqala emva kokutshala, kunye nokutyalwa okwaneleyo ngexesha lokutyala, entwasahlobo, xa kuphela iqhwa liphela, iifometri kuphela ezisebenzisayo ukutya ama-raspberries. Ziye zaziswa ngeengxenye 2-3 ngexesha lonke lokukhula, ukuxuba nomhlaba kunye nokugubungela umhlaba phezulu. Ukususela kumnyaka we-4, ezinye zifakwa emhlabathini ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ngonyaka, kodwa entwasahlobo, kusetyenziswa umquba kunye ne-nitrogen fertilizer. Ukwenza oku, ngoMeyi, phantsi kwinqaba le-raspberry nganye, uthele iibhakethi ze-Mullein ezingaphezu kwe-0.5, ngokusasaza ngokusondeza kwiimpawu, kodwa ukuze ungavali amahlumela amancinci, uze ufefe ngobuncwane bomhlaba okanye i-peat. Kule meko umgquba uya kwenza kwakhona njengempahla ye-mulch. Ngoko kuyimfuneko yokwenza njalo iminyaka emibini.
Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ukugqoka kwintwasahlobo entlobo zee-raspberry, ezivelisa izityalo ezimbini.
Yintoni eya kuvela ngayo isityalo?
Ngokuqhelekileyo ukubonakala kweerpberry ezihlambulukileyo kungabonisa ukuba yiziphi izinto ezingekhoyo okanye zininzi kakhulu:
- ukungabikho kwe-nitrojeni - amaqabunga endlela aphelile, ayeke ukukhula okanye amancinci;
- Ukwanda kwe-nitrojeni - ukukhula okukhutheleyo kwamacembe kunye namaqabunga, anombala omnyama. Oku kukhokelela ekuphalazweni kwamajikijolo angacacanga
kunye nokunciphisa isivuno; - Ukungabikho kwe-potassium - amaqabunga abomvu, anjengokuthi atshiswe emaphethelweni. Ubunzima obusika bezityalo buyehla;
- ukungabikho kwe-phosphorus - isityalo sinomtsalane kwaye sinamandla;
- ukungabikho kwe-magnesium - ukukhula okubi, ukuphuka kweqabunga lamagqabi ukusuka kwiziko ukuya kumda;
- Ukungabi nesebe - amaqabunga aphuzi kunye ne-green streak.
Emva kokuba unikezele umhlaba ngenani elifunekayo lezinto ezibalulekileyo entwasahlobo nakwiminyaka yonke, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphuculwe ukuphuhliswa kwee-raspberry kunye nokufumana isivuno esiphezulu samajikijolo, esiya kuba sikhulu, siphunga kunye neqholiweyo.