Iintlanki kumntwana ekushiseni okuphezulu (oko kuthiwa yi-febrile convulsions) kwenzeka kubantwana basesikolweni bangaphambi kokubanda kakhulu okanye kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane. Ukunyamezela ukuxhatshazwa okunjalo kungenalo ulwalamano, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba baphathe ingqalelo ngokukhethekileyo.
Ukubhukuda ukuxubusha kwabantwana - yintoni na?
Abazali abatshitshisayo ukunyuka kwamaqondo okushisa komntwana kuqala malunga nama-5% eengxaki zokubanda ebantwini kubantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 ukuya ku-7 ubudala, i-frequency frequency of seizures ifakwe kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu. Akukho nkcukacha echanekileyo malunga nolu hlobo, nangona kunjalo, bajonga ukukhawuleza kwexesha elide elikhuselekile ukuba likhuseleke, lime emva kokunciphisa ubushushu kunye nokubuyiselwa komntwana.
Iinqununu kumntwana ophezulu kwiqondo lokushisa liqhelekile kwaye liyi-atypical. Iimpawu zokuthintela eziqhelekileyo azikho ngaphezu kweyodwa ngemini, ezidlulileyo ukuya kwiminithi emi-5, inkqubo edibeneyo iquka umzimba wonke womntwana, kwaye ulahlekelwa yimibuzo. Iimpawu zokubamba i-Atypical zibonakaliswe ixesha elide (ukuya kwi-15 imizuzu) kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo okuphindaphindiweyo, ukuxhatshazwa kweso sigqeba kuhlanganisa kuphela inxalenye yomzimba.
Ngakanani izinga lokushisa kubonakala?
Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqana kubantwana kubakho ukushisa ngaphezulu kwama-38 degrees. Isizathu se-hyperthermia, ngenxa yokuba kukho i-febrile convulsions, ingaba:
- kubanda;
- otitis media;
- angina ;
- umkhuhlane;
- pneumonia;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- Neuroinfection;
- i-meningitis;
- isifo sikashukela;
- yokugonywa rhoqo;
- indlela yokuphendula;
- uqobo .
Ziziphi iifable zokuxubha ezinobungozi?
Ukubanjelwa kwimihla ngemihla kubantwana kubonwa njengengozi xa bengabonakali emva kwesifo kwaye kamva kwiminyaka yobudala engama-6-7. Ngaphandle koko, umntwana ufuna uviwo kunye nonyango, okhethwe yi-neurologist. Iimpawu ezinobungozi zihamba kunye nokuxhomekeka kweso sifo - eso sifo siphula malunga ne-2% yabantwana abasweleko.
Iintlambo kwiqondo lokushisa komntwana-iziphumo zokunyamekela okungafanelekanga:
- ukukhwabanisa izihlunu zokuhlanza, ukuzitholela kwindlela yokuphefumula (ukunciphisa oku kusebenza, kufuneka ubeke umntwana kwicala layo);
- ukutyumla (phakathi kokuhlaselwa, kuyimfuneko ukukhusela umntwana ukuze angabetha izitho okanye intloko).
I-Febrile convulsions - ibangela
Ingqiqo engathembekiyo yokuba kutheni umntwana edibene neqondo lokushisa, oogqirha abakwenzi, kodwa kukho izimbalwa ezinokubangela ukuxhatshazwa komsindo:
- Uphuhliso olungapheliyo lwenkqubo yesantya. Ubuntwaneni, ixesha lokuvuthwa kweenkqubo zesistim se-nervous is yet complete, ngoko ke iinkqubo zokubhokoxa zisoloko zinamandla ngakumbi kuneenkqubo zokuvimbela. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuphazamiseka.
- Heredity. Ukuba enye yeentsapho yayibangele ingqumbo njengomntwana, ingaba ngumntwana. Ukunyamekela ekuhlaselweni kunakho kunye neyintsana apho intsapho ikhona khona iimeko zokuhluthwa.
- Izinto ezibalulekileyo. Imiba enjalo ibandakanya ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral, ukuxhatshazwa kokuzalwa, ukuphazamiseka kwesistim kunye neentsholongwane zesifo, isifo senhliziyo, ukuxiliswa.
Ingxaki yomntwana ibonakala njani kwiqondo lokushisa?
I-Febrile convulsions kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kumntwana uvela ngeendlela ezintathu:
- itoniki - kunye nohlobo lokuhlaselwa, zonke iisundu zomelela (ithoni ye-muscle), izandla zixhambile esifubeni, imilenze ilula, intloko iphonswe ngasemva, iincampu zenzeka ngeshyhymically and subventionally;
- I-Atonic - efanelekileyo kumntwana kukho ukuphumla okupheleleyo kwezihlunu (ngokuqhelekileyo isisu kunye namathumbu aphumayo);
- zengingqi - ezifana neentsholongwane zesifo seentlanzi, ngokuhlaselwa nje kuphela kumalungu angaphantsi okanye ngaphezulu angathinteka, amehlo aphakanyisiwe.
Ukuxubana kubonakala njani kubushushu bomntwana:
- Ulahlekelwa ingqondo okanye ukhula ukuphendula kwimeko yendalo, wakhala.
- Umntwana unokuyeka ukuphefumla, uguqule okomhlaza.
- Ukuqhaqhazela kungaqala kwiphupha - ukuba umntwana akakwazi ukuvuka, ngaba.
- Iintlanzi ezixhalabileyo zinamandla kakhulu, ziguqa umzimba womntwana, kwaye zibuthakathaka, njengokuba zixubha.
Iintlambo kwiqondo lokushisa lomntwana - kufuneka wenze ntoni?
Ukuba umntwana omncinci owake wakhankanya kwiqondo lokushisa okanye ulungelelaniswe kubo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukulandelelana kwezenzo eziphambili ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwaye unako ukubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala. Kwixesha elizayo, onke amanyathelo amele athathwe ukunyanga nokukhusela ukutshatyalaliswa, kunye nokunyanga kwesi sifo, esasiyi-"catalyst" yokuqalisa ukuhlaselwa.
I-Febrile i-convulsions kubantwana-uncedo lokuqala
Uncedo oluphuthumayo lokuqala lwe-febrile convulsions lubalulekile kumntwana, kwaye mhlawumbi abazali baya kufuneka banikezele.
I-Febrile ixineke kubantwana - uncedo olungxamisekileyo:
- Shayela ugqirha. Ekubeni i-convulsive syndrome ingabonisa izifo ezibi kakhulu, ukufundwa kweemviwo eziphuthumayo kuyimfuneko.
- Ukubonelela ngesimo esiphezulu nesiphephile. Umntwana kufuneka abekwe kwindawo ephepheni, ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumula okukhululekile (ukususa iimpahla ezinqamlekileyo) kunye nefuthe lomoya. Xa isisonguluko, umntwana kufuneka ajikeleze ukuze izihlwele zihamba ngokukhululekile. Ukuba imfiva ayisetyenziswanga ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa, faka yona kwifom yekhandlela.
- Ukubeka esweni imeko yomntwana. Ngaphambi kokufika kogqirha, kufuneka uqaphele imeko yomntwana ogulayo. Xa ukuphefumla kweka, qalisa ukuvuselela (ukuphefumula okufakelwayo).
Ngokufanelekileyo ukubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala, abazali banokugcina ingqiqo kunye nokuziphatha okwaneleyo - xa kuhlaselwa umntwana, abazali abafanelekanga kwaye benze izenzo eziphosakeleyo.
Nqatshelwe kakhulu:
- Ukuzama ukudibanisa uxinzelelo ngamandla - unokumxhasa kuphela umntwana ukuze angazilimazi.
- Ukuzama ukufumana iyeza ngokusebenzisa emlonyeni - ngelixa le-spasm akusizi kwaye kuyingozi.
- Faka izinto emlonyeni wakho ukukhusela ukugwinya ulwimi.
- Yenza ukuphefumla okwenziweyo xa ephefumula, kodwa engenamandla.
- Yenza ukuphefumula okufakelwayo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa - i-airways ngelo xesha ikhonjiweyo.
Ukubhukuda ukuxubusha kwabantwana - unyango
Ingozi kuzo zonke iinjongo zokujonga ithathwa njenge-hyperthermia ngokuphakama kwamaqondo angaphezulu kwama-38. U-Febrile ukuxinwa komntwana ekushiseni okuphezulu kufuna ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-antipyretic. Xa i-hyperthermia, abantwana banikwa i- Ibuprofen , i-Ibuklin, iParacetamol. Xa zihlaselwa rhoqo, oogqirha babala ijoyi ze-anticonvulsants ezinkulu-iPhenobarbital, Diazepam, Lorazepam okanye abanye. Ukunikezela iziyobisi kulolu hlobo ukuba ugqirha-unyango lunokuba yingozi.
I-Febrile convulsions - ukuthintela
Izihlandlo eziphindaphindiweyo kunye nexesha elide elinokuxhamla kwi-febrile convulsions zingaphazamiseka zibe yintlungu, ngoko ke oogqirha banquma unyango lwe-prophylactic - i-sedative kunye ne-anticonvulsants, kufuneka bathathwe ixesha elide. I-Phenobarbital kunye neValproate, eninzi kwiimeko ezichazwe kubantwana abanesifo esithintekayo, banemiphumo emibi kakhulu, ngoko unyango luqhutyelwa ngokungqongqo phantsi kweengcali ze-neurologists.