I-Fluoroquinolones yi-antimicrobial apho iikhemikhali zenziwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuqala kokungena ebomini bethu, ngesimo sesizukulwana sesi-2 seziyobisi zeli qela (i -loloxacin, i-ciprofloxacin), kuthathwa njengeminyaka eyi-80 yekhulu lama-XX. Inkalo yabo eyahlukileyo yayiyinxalenye enkulu yezenzo kwimimandla yokulwa nezilwanyana ezincinci, ibhaktheriya, kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokutyunjwa kwesilwanyana kwiiseli zomzimba, kwaye zisasazeka kwi-infection ye-infection.
Kwiminyaka eli-10, ihlabathi labona izizukulwana ze-fluoroquinolones III ne-IV, ezazifumaneka ngokubanzi ngokumalwa nokulwa neebhaktheriya (ngokuyinhloko i-pneumococci), ii-microorganisms, i-pathogens ye-intracellular level infections. Enye yeenzuzo ze-fluoroquinolones yesizukulwana sokugqibela yindlela yokutshatyalaliswa kwezinto.
Amayeza omzimba we-fluoroquinolones, ngokungena ngokuthe ngqo emzimbeni, enze ngendlela enqanda umsebenzi obalulekileyo we-DNA-gyrase (i-enzyme ye-microbial cell, eyona nxalenye ebalulekileyo yentsholongwane), eyayibulala i-microbe.
Ukuhambelana kwama-fluoroquinolones
I-Fluoroquinolones inezibonakaliso ezibanzi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwabo kwizonyango. Ngoncedo lwabo, kucetyiswa ukuba baphathe iminyathelo ngamanyathelo okunyanga kwezifo ezinzima, zihambelana kakuhle nezinye iziyobisi.
Udidi lweFluoroquinolones
- i-finolones yokuqala-engaphefumliyo;
- i-gram-negative fluoroquinolones;
- lwesithathu - i-fluoroquinolones yokuphefumula;
- lwesine - ukuphefumula kunye ne-antianaerobic fluoroquinolones.
I-Fluoroquinolones yokusetyenziswa kwesizukulwana sakutshanje:
- izifo zesifo sokuphefumula kunye nezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ze-ENT: i-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, i-sinusitis embi, i-sinus yangaphambili (kwakunye neengxaki ezivela kwimeko yezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo);
- izifo ezithathelwanayo zezintso, kunye ne-genitourinary system: i-cystitis (i-acute and infronic), i-pyelonephritis (i-acute, engapheliyo kunye neengxaki ezivela kulo hlobo lwesifo);
- kunye nezifo zesisu esiswini: isifo segazi, i-salmonellosis, izifo ezisekelwe kumathambo emathumbu, umkhuhlane we-typhoid;
- ngenxa yokusuleleka kwesikhumba kunye ne-articular system;
- nezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo: i-gonorrhea, i-chancroid esithambileyo;
- ukwenzela unyango kunye nokukhusela izifo ezahlukileyo, ezikhuselweyo okanye ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yayo;
- ukubuyiswa komzimba kwisithuba emva kokusebenza.
Iimithi zonyango ze-fluoroquinolones ziphumo zecandelo:
- kwi-hematopoietic system: i-anemia, ukunciphisa i-leukocytes egazini (ekhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuzivikela komzimba) kunye neeplatelet (ezonakalisa i-coagulability yegazi);
- ngenxa yesisu esiswini: intlungu esiswini, ukunyanzelisa, ukunciphisa intlanzi, ukubonakala kwesohlwayo, ukunambitha kwentsimbi emlonyeni, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo -
ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu; - ngenxa yesibindi: ukungonakaliswa kwamandla okusebenza;
- kwinkqubo yesantya ephakathi: i-migraine, i-sleepiness, ixhala, ukuxhalaba, ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo - ukuphazamiseka, ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi kunye nokucima;
- kwesikhumba: ukubonakala kokugqithisa emzimbeni, ukubonakala kokubamba;
- inkqubo yokucoca: i-nephritis, utshintsho kumbala we-urine;
- kwimisebenzi ye-anatomical: isifuba sokunyuka kwamadoda;
- ngenxa yeethambo kunye neesistim iinkqubo: intlungu.