Ukunxibelelana kukutshintshisiswa kolwazi, iimvakalelo, iimvakalelo phakathi kwabantu, amaqela abantu, umntu oyedwa kunye noluntu oluthile. Iingcali zengqondo zanamhlanje zihlula ukwahlulelana kwezenkcubeko kwiintlobo ezi-ezintathu eziphambili - izandi, ezingabonakaliyo kunye neepraverbal. Inye yeentlobo zenziwa ngokuhlanganiswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo, ubuchule kunye nezitayela.
Izixhobo zokunxibelelana ngomlomo
Uqhagamshelwano lomlomo lulona luhlobo olubanzi, olufumanekayo nolulunxibelelwano. Enyanisweni, lolu hlobo loqhagamshelwano luquka ukudluliselwa kolunye ulwazi okanye olunye ulwazi oluvela kumntu omnye ukuya kolunye ngentetho kunye nokubona okufanelekileyo ngenye inxaxheba.
Unxibelelwano lomlomo lubandakanya inkulumo yomlomo neyibhaliweyo, eyenziwa ngumbonakaliso-ulwimi kunye nokubhala. Le ntanethi, nayiphi na inkcazelo esasazwayo ngoncedo lwentetho kwaye ibonwa ngokuva, ithuliswa njengomyalezo wesicatshulwa kwaye iyaqondwa ngokufunda, ibhekisela kwiintlobo zokunxibelelana ngomlomo.
Ulwimi nokubhala ziindlela zokuthetha zonxibelelwano. Imisebenzi ephambili yolwimi yile:
- ukunxibelelana - le ndlela yindlela yokunxibelelana phakathi kwabantu ngokubanzi;
- eyakhayo - inokwenzeka yokuqulunqa ngokucacileyo ingcamango ethile kwisigcaziso somyalezo;
- Isibheno - indlela yokukholisa kunye nefuthe kwi-addressee;
- I-Fatic - indlela yokuseka umnxibelelwano ngokuthobela imithetho ethile (i-label);
- ukuvezwa kwengqondo-indlela yokubonisa ubudlelwane obuzimeleyo kwisifundo okanye kwisifundo sencoko;
- ukuqokelela - ukukwazi ukuqonda, ukulondoloza, ukuqokelela nokuhambisa ulwazi kwisizukulwana esilandelayo;
- ubuchule - ukukwazi ukubonisa iingcamango ngendlela ecacileyo, entsha neyodwa.
Iilwimi zihlukanisa ezinye iinguqu ezincinci kodwa ezingabalulekanga kangako kunye neendawo zolwimi - ingcamango, ukhetho, isalathisi, i-metal language, imilingo nabanye.
Iifom zokuthetha ngomlomo
Ukuziphatha komlomo kubandakanya ukuthetha kwangaphandle nangaphakathi, ngomlomo nangobhaliweyo. Inkulumo yangaphakathi inxalenye yenkqubo yokucinga, ichanekileyo kwaye idlalwa rhoqo ngeendlela zemifanekiso kunye nokutolika. Xa umntu ecaca ngokucacileyo intsingiselo yentetho yakhe yangaphandle, akanasidingo sokwenza intetho yangaphakathi kwiigwebo nezivakalisi ezigqityiweyo. Ukuqulunqwa nokulungiswa kwentetho yangaphakathi kuyimfuneko ukuba kukho ubunzima kwiinkcukacha zangaphandle.
Unxibelelwano lwentetho lwangaphandle lubonisa ukuthetha ngokubanzi phakathi koluntu. Injongo yawo idibana rhoqo kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi ngokusondeleyo, oqhelekileyo, ongaqhelekanga kunye nabangaphandle. Kule fomu, iimpawu ezifana nokuzikhethela, ukujolisa, ukukhululeka, uvakalelo kunye nenqanaba elibalulekileyo lokunxibelelana okwaneleyo kubalulekile.
Iifom zentetho yangaphandle ziquka:
- Ingxoxo - ingxoxo, intetho, ukutshintshana ngomlomo ngolwazi, iingcamango, izimvo. Ingxoxo ngesihloko esiphakathi kwabantu ababini okanye ngaphezulu kwindawo ekhululekile kunye nethuba lokubonisa ngokucacileyo isimo sabo sengqondo kunye nezigqibo kwizihloko zengxoxo.
- Ingxoxo iyitshintshiselwano yamaphuzu okuchasana ukuze kubonakale ukufaneleka komntu omnye okanye iqela labantu. Ingxabano njengendlela yokutyhila intsingiselo yeyona nto okanye isikhundla sibabini beendlela zokunxibelelana kwimihla ngemihla, kunye neendlela zesayensi
isicelo sesiseko sobungqina. - I-Monologue - iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba phambi kwabaphulaphuli okanye abaphulaphuli, xa umntu omnye ephendulela intetho yakhe kwiqela elikhulu labaphulaphuli. Le ndlela yokunxibelelana iyasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekufundiseni ngendlela yeentetho, kunye neentetho kwiintlanganiso ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuphazamiseka komlomo ekunxibelelweni kunokuba yinto yobudala, yengqondo okanye yemvelo. Ngoko abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abaneenkomfa abakwazi ukuchaza ngokucacileyo iingcamango zabo. Ukuphazamiseka kokuxhomekeka kubhekiselele ekufundeni ulwimi oluthathaka okanye ukungabi nolwazi lokubhenela kumnxibelelwano.