Umhlaza we-Esophageal - iimpawu

Umhlaza we-Esophagusal isifo esichazwe ngokubunjwa kweeseli zesisu kwi-membrane ye-epithelial. Kwindoda, umdlavuza uqheleke kabini njengabasetyhini. Phakathi kwazo zonke izigulane ezijongene nesi sifo, ubuninzi (malunga nama-80%) ngabantu abangaphezu kwemashumi mathandathu.

Izizathu zesifo

Umdlavuza we-Esophageal, iimpawu ezivame ukudala uxhalaba kwiinqanaba zokuqala zesi sifo, ziza ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• umlutha kwimveliso eshushu kwaye ishushu;
• ukungenisa ukutya okulimaza i-esophagus (amathambo amancinci);
• imikhwa emibi;
• hypovitaminosis ;
• ubukho beethambo ezinobungozi zesifo okanye esinye sezifo zayo (tylosis, achalasia);
• Ukulimala kwipopu ngenxa yokutshisa, zombini iikhemikhali kunye ne-thermal.

Ukuxhamla kwesisu - iimpawu

Kwimigangatho yokuqala, umhlaza wesisu uhamba kunye:

• ukungonakaliswa kokuphila kakuhle;
• ubuthathaka emzimbeni;
• ukulahleka kwesidlo;
• ukunciphisa ukusebenza;
• ukulahleka kwesisindo .

Njengoko ezi zibonakaliswa ngokuthe ngcembe, zihlala zingabonakali ixesha elide.

Ukukhula kwe-tumor kubangela ukuba kubonakale iimpawu ezinzulu ngakumbi:

• Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokwenza umdlavuza we-esophageal yi-dysphagia, apho isigulane kunzima ukugwinya ukutya;
• ukuziva ukucima esifuba, ukubuyisela entanyeni kwaye ubuyele;
• ukuhlaziywa (otgirgivanie) emva kokutya okanye emva kokusela amanzi;
• salivation;
• kwizigaba ezidlulileyo, xa i-tumor ikhula kwi-bronchi ne-trachea, isiguli sinomkhuhlane wokukhwehlela;
• Ukuvakala kwezwi kubangelwa ukuhluma kwe-plexus ebulalayo yesigxina se-thoracic.

Ukuxilongwa komhlaza

Inkcazo yomhlaza wesisu xa kwenzeka iimpawu kunye neempawu zenzeke ngeendlela ezininzi:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, yenye yeendlela eziphambili zokumisela isisu. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba uhlolisise ubungakanani bokwebunjwa okubi, umlinganiselo wokungabikho komzimba kunye nokubonakala kobunzima obuphambene ne-bronchi.
2. Ukuba iimpawu zesifo somhlaza we-esophageal zivela, ziya kwenye indlela yokuxilonga - isophagoscopy. Ikuvumela ukuba ufunde umphezulu we-mucosa, uvavanye indawo encinane kunye nomlinganiselo wesisu. Ingcali inokuthabatha isiqwenga seetyhutyhini yophando olongezelelweyo. Ukuba ugqirha ufumene ukwakheka kakubi kwisigaba sokuqala, ngoko uncedo lwangoku kufakwa kwebhubhoratri, unokususa.
3. Uvavanyo nge-fibrobronchoscopy inikeza ulwazi malunga nokuhluma kwesakhiwo se-tumor kwi-bronchi ne-trachea.
4. Ngomncedisi we-tomography yecomputer, ugqirha ubonisa ubungakanani kunye nemvelo yokuguqulwa kwe-esophagus, inquma ukuvela kwintsholongwane kwezinye izitho.
5. Ukukhuphela ngaphandle izilonda zesimo semetrashini kwezinye izitho ezibalulekileyo, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yeenxalenye ezisemgodini isisu esisetyenzisiweyo.

Unyango lomhlaza wesisu

Ingenelelo yokuphanda kuyindlela eyona nto yokulwa nesifo. Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima balo buqulethwe kukuba izigulane ezisoloko ziphelile ngenxa yendlala kunye ne-dysphagia, zinyamezele ukukhutshwa kwesisu kunye nokutshintshwa kwayo kunye nenxalenye yomathumbu amakhulu okanye isisu.

Umsebenzi uwenziwa kwizigulane kwisigaba sokuqala nesesibini somhlaza. Ngenxa yokuba ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, ukuvuvukala ihluma kwi-bronchi nakwezinye izitho, ukungenelela kokungathinteka kunzima.

Isigulane, esiphezu sesithathu nesine sesigaba sesifo, senza i-gastrostomy - umgobo apho ufumana ukutya.

Ngoku kaninzi ngokuphindaphindiweyo, i-irradiation ye-radioactive ye-esophagus isetyenziswa. Kwimigangatho yokugqibela, le nqubo iyenziwa ukuphelisa iimpawu: ukuphuphuma intlungu kunye nokulahlwa kwe-dysphagia.

Unyango lomhlaza wesifo sokutshatyalaliswa komhlaza unikeza isigulane esilungileyo kuphela kwizigaba 1 no-2, ekubeni ngokugqithiseleyo izigulane zifa ngokuxhatshazwa.