I-Atherosclerosis iyisifo esiyingozi esihambelana nokukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokukhokelela ekuphuleni kwegazi kwiimfucu zamalungu athile. Kuze kube yimhla, iindlela eziphambili zokuphatha esi sifo zongenelelo lwe-intravascular, phakathi kwezona zinto ezinokuthenjelwa ngayo imithwalo yegazi.
Yintoni i-stenting ye-vascular?
Ukuqhaqhaqhayisa kungenelelo lokungenelela okungenakunyanzeliswayo okujoliswe ekubuyiseni i-lumen evamile yemibhobho echaphazelekayo. Umsebenzi uqhutyelwa kwigumbi elixhomekeke ngokufanelekileyo phantsi kwe-X-ray ukulawula, kunye nokurekhodwa rhoqo kwesifo somzimba. Ukuqhaqhaqhafaza kwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo.
Ingundoqo yongenelelo lophulo-mthetho lulandelayo. Ukugqithwa kwodonga lwesitya esichaphazelekayo kwenziwa, apho kukho ikhetri ekhethekileyo enebholethi efumaneka ekupheleni kwesitya. Kwisiza apho ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kuphazamiseka khona, eli bhaluni lihluthwe (ngokufaka into ekhethekileyo kuyo), ukwandisa iindonga ze-vascular. Ukuze ulondoloze i-lumen ekhusweyo yeso sikhephe, kwakhiwa isakhiwo esikhethekileyo esakhiweyo-isisindo. I-stent yenziwe ngesinyithi kwaye isebenza njengoluhlobo lwesigqabi, oluvimbela ukunyanzeliswa kwesitya. Ngokuxhomekeka kubude becandelo elincinci, iindidi ezininzi zingafakwa kwisitya esinye ngelo xesha.
Izibonakaliso zokunyuka kwemithambo yegazi
Ukugquma kungenziwa kwiinqanawa zeendawo ezahlukeneyo:
- Ukugxininisa imithwalo yegazi yentliziyo (iimpawu ze-coronary) - kule meko, ukusebenza kukhonjiswe xa i-angina ivela okanye ingozi enkulu ye-myocardial infarction kwimvelaphi yesifo senhliziyo.
- Ukugxotha kweempahla zecala eliphantsi (imilenze) - ukutshatyalaliswa kwenkqubo ye-atherosclerotic yeenqwelo zemilenze ezisongela iingxaki ezinobungozi, phakathi kwazo-izigulane kunye ne-sepsis. Ukusebenza kuboniswe ukutshintsha kwe-trophic, ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yemilenze.
- Iinqwelo ze-cerebral ezinamandla (stenosis yamatriyri e-carotid ase entanyeni) inconywa ngoxinzelelo olunzulu (60%) yemibhobho yokucima, imivimbo emibi kunye nesisu.
- Ukugqithisa kwemithambo yeentso (iimitha ze-renal) - usebenzo lubonakaliswa phambi kwama-atherosclerotic plaques kwiinqanawa ze-renal kwimeko yokuphuhliswa kwe-renal ehambisanayo kunye negazi loxinzelelo lwegazi.
Ukuchasana nokunyuka kwemithambo yegazi
Ukusebenza kokufaka ama-stents kwiinqanawa akunakwenziwa kwiimeko ezilandelayo:
- Ubuncinane bomkhumbi - ubuchwepheshe bezinto zanamhlanje buvumela ukugqithisa kwemithambo ye-arrium enobubanzi obungaphantsi kwe-2.5 -3 mm;
- Ininzi kakhulu indawo yokunciphisa umthamo (isifo esingafaniyo sesitya);
- ukuhluleka ukuphefumula;
- ukungabi namandla okwenyama;
- ukuphazamiseka kwegazi ;
- ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-iodine (iodine isetyenziswe kwi-X-ray eyahlukileyo).
Iingxaki emva kweenqanawa ezinamandla
Njengoko kunye nokungenelela kwamanyathelo okugqirha, emva kokufakwe kwee-stents kwiinqanawa, ezinye iingxaki ezinokuthi ziphuhlise, oku:
- umonakalo kwindonga yesitya;
- kuphuma;
- ukukhutshwa kwesitya;
- ukubunjwa kwama-hematomas kwiindawo zokuqhawula;
- umsebenzi wezintso eziphosakeleyo;
- thrombosis, stenosis ephindaphindiweyo.
Ukubuyiselwa emva kokugquma kweempahla zentliziyo
Ngethuba lokuvuselelwa emva kokunyuka kweenqwelo ze-coronary, ezenziwa rhoqo, izigulane kufuneka zihambelane nezi ngcebiso ezilandelayo:
- Ukuphumla okulala ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuthintela komsebenzi emva kokukhutshwa, ukungabikho kwamanzi ashushu okanye iwasha.
- Ukula ukuqhuba.
- Ukuthobela ukutya okunempilo.
- Ukutya okusisigxina kwemithi enqunyiwe.