Naliphi na umhlali wehlobo omele azi indlela yokutshala i-currant kwizilwanyana zentwasahlobo. Umgadi wegadi ojongene naloo nkcubeko uya kuhlala ebonga ngokunyamekela kakuhle isivuno esihle samajikijolo enempilo. Ubaluleke kakhulu kulo mbandela unokukhethwa kwendawo yokukhulisa isiqithi, ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi, ukugcinwa kweteknoloji ngqo.
Indlela yokutshala i-currant entwasahlobo?
Ukutshala izityalo entwasahlobo kunika iziphumo ezilungileyo xa usebenzisa izityalo ezigxilwe ngeenkqubo ezivaliweyo okanye ezivulekile. Kukho imigaqo enceda ukuhlukanisa kwiimarike okanye kwii-nursery imveliso enempilo enokuthi ityala:
- Kucetyiswa ukuba ufumane izithombo kunye namahlumela ama-2-3.
- Musa ukuthenga i-currant ngeempawu zokuhlutha okanye ukuzithemba kwamagqabi.
- Ukutshala i-currant ekhaya kwiimbewu zentwasahlobo kuya kuqinisekiswa ukuba uphumelele ukuba ubuncinane ubuncinane ezintathu iingcambu zeengcambu ukuya kwi-20 cm ubude.
- Izinto eziphathekayo ngeengcambu ezivaliweyo kufuneka zisuswe ngokucokisekileyo kwisitya xa kuthengwa. Umhlaba we-coma wezityalo eziphuculweyo zihlala ziboshwe ngokupheleleyo ngeengcambu.
- Xa kuthengwa i-currant entwasahlobo, ukhethe okukhethiweyo kwiintlobo ezinqabileyo.
- Gwema iimakethe ezizenzekelayo, izinto eziphathekayo zibiza kakhulu, kodwa kunomngcipheko omncinci wokubaluleka kwakhona okanye ukuthenga izityalo ezinokusuleleka kwintsholongwane.
Kukuphi ukutshala i-currant kwisayithi?
Isizathu sokutsala i-currants kufuneka sikhethwe ngenyameko. Le nkcubeko inamathela emanzini, kodwa umhlaba ococekileyo, indawo ze-sod-podzolic, i-loam. Kwi-boggy land and peat, i-currant ikhula kakuhle. Umgubo weDolomite okanye ikheki kunye ne-lime isetyenziselwa kwintsi esebenzayo kunye ne-pH engaphantsi kwama-5.0. Ngokuqhelekileyo iiberry zitsalwa ngaphaya komda, apho zikhuseleke kakuhle ngamakholo kunye nezindonga zezakhiwo ezivela emoyeni naseqhweni. Kwizithunzi ezinzima, isityalo se-currant sinciphise, zama ukugcina umgama kwimithi emide ungasondeli kune-2 m.
Kuliphi ixesha lokutshala i-currant?
Le nkcubeko iphuma ngokukhawuleza kwangoko, ngokubhekiselele ekufikeni kokushisa kokuqala, konke kuxhomekeke kwimozulu ethile kwindawo ethile. Imimiselo yokutyala i-currant entwasahlobo kufuneka ikhethwe ngokwabo, ukuze iiflethi kwiisebe zingenayo ithuba lokuvuleka ngokupheleleyo. Ixesha elihle lixesha le-green cone lesigaba, ngeli thuba umthengi usenokubona ukuba isiqithi siphila, kodwa iinkqubo zokukhula ezikhulayo kuzo azikaqalanga.
Ukulungisa ukutyala kwe-currant entwasahlobo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba, ukutyala kwakho okanye ukuthengwa kwii-nursery, kucetyiswa ukuba ulandele ngokungqongqo imigaqo yokutyala i-currant entwasahlobo. Ukulungiswa komgodi kunye nokuzaliswa komhlaba kunye nezinto ezincedo kufuna ulwazi malunga nezobuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe bezolimo, ukukwazi ukuqonda iintlobo zezichumisi kunye nezindlela zokuzisebenzisa kwisayithi. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-currant, ezahlukileyo kumandla okukhula, indlela yokulima kunye nombala weziqhamo, ezenza ukudideka kwaye kubangele imibuzo eyongezelelweyo yabaqalayo.
Indlela yokutshala i-currant emnyama entwasahlobo?
Inkcubeko yaseBerry enokunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo inokuhlala kwindawo engagxininisi ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi, ngoko ukutshala kwe-currant emnyama kwiintlobo zentwasahlobo kufuneka kwenziwe ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji efanelekileyo. Ukuqhekeza ngokungakhathali ngamagatsha omhlaba kunye neengcambu ezibuthathaka, zithatha ingcambu, zihlala zifa kwinqanaba lokuqala, le ndlela ayimele ilindeleke ukusuka kwiindawo ezincinci zokuvuna kwindawo enxweme.
Ukutyala kwe-currant emnyama:
- Kucetyiswa ukulinganisa i-asidi yomhlaba ebhedeni, ukuba idlula iiparitha eziqhelekileyo, wongeza i-lime kwisixa se-300-800 g / m 2 ngaphambi kokumba isayithi.
- Simba umhlaba ukuya kutsho kwe-22 cm.
- Ukutyala kwetyala kwintwasahlobo kwizithombo ziqhutyelwa emgodini obunemilinganiselo engama-55x55 cm kunye nobunzulu be-45 cm.
- Ukuba isalathisi sisetyenziselwa ukutyala, izityalo kufuneka zithathelwe phezu komhlaba olula kunye no-7-10 cm ukukhuphela ngaphandle kokutshisa iingcambu ezibuthathaka ze-currant.
- Kucetyiswa ukuba ulungiselele kwaye uzalise umgodi kunye nezichumisi iiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi komhla wokutyala entwasahlobo, umhlaba okhululekile kufuneka uhlale uncinane.
- Ngokutsho kwethekhnoloji echanekileyo, izityalo zityalwe entwasahlobo kwimingxuma kwi-angle ka-45 °.
- Sizama ukubeka ikolera yeengcambu malunga ne-5-6 cm ngaphantsi komgangatho womhlaba.
- Ukugxininisa kwentamo ingcungeza ukwakheka kweengcambu ezongezelelweyo, ezikhulile ngokwale teknoloji, iintlobo ezinamandla kunamandla, amahlumela amaninzi avela kunyaka wokuqala.
- Iingcambu zehlathi kufuneka zilungiswe ukuze umhlaba uphawule ngendawo phakathi kwabo.
- Ngethuba lokuphosa umgodi ngomhlaba, imbewu kufuneka idibaniswe ngokukhawuleza, ukwenzela ukuba ihlabathi elingenanto elingaphantsi lizaliswe liphezulu.
- Emva kokumboza iingcambu ngomhlaba, uthele ama-5 ilitha amanzi kwindawo nganye.
- Emva kokufumana amanzi, gqubuthela kakuhle kakuhle.
- Thele amanzi aseleyo kwibhakethi.
- Ukucoca umhlaba ngomthunzi .
- I-pruning yokuqala iqhubekile xa ityala, ingashiyi iincinci ezingama-3-4.
Indlela yokutshala i-currant ebomvu entwasahlobo?
Umehluko phakathi kweentlobo zee currants ezibomvu kunye ezimhlophe ezivela kumnyama omnyama zigcinwa ngendlela yokubeka iziqhamo eziqhambileyo, ezikwimitha emibini kwiminyaka emibini kunye nokukhula okuphezulu. Ukutyala kwe-currant ebomvu entwasahlobo kunye nokubeka imingxuma kwenziwa ngohlobo oluqhelekileyo ngeentlobo ezimnyama. Ngokungafaniyo, umntu kufuneka afike kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo ezikhethiweyo. Iintlobo ze-Krasnoplodnye zinokumelana nesomiso, ziyakuthanda ilanga, ungayithandi i-penumbra okanye isithunzi, zikhula kakuhle kwi-acidic kunye ne-dense ground.
Ukutyala kwe-currant ekhonjiweyo entwasahlobo?
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amajikijolo atyhidiweyo angamahle kakhulu ebusika kwaye afuna ukulungiswa kwee-trellises, kodwa lo mhlaba unenzuzo ebonakalayo ebalulekileyo. Ukutshala kwe-currant currant kwenza kube lula ukuvuna amajikijolo kwaye ulondoloze indawo yesalathisi. Isityalo kwisimo esiphezulu sichaphazeleka kakhulu ngentsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane, i-shrub ngokwayo ibheka ukuhlobisa kwaye iba ngumhlobiso we-dacha.
Imiba yokutyalwa kwe-currant ekhonyiwe:
- Ukulungiselela umgodi kunye nokuzalisa izichumisi kwenzeka ngokuya kwesikimu esifanayo.
- Imbewu entwasahlobo emgodini kufuneka ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo.
- Emva koko lujoliswe kwinkxaso enzima.
- Iingcambu zilungiswe, umngcwaba ungcwatywa kwaye amanzi aveliswa.
- Xa ukutyala iintlobo ezininzi kufuneka kusekwe trellis.
- Kwiimbewu entwasahlobo, esinye sezihluma ezinamandla kunye nobude be-0.8-1 m kufuneka sikhethwe ukuba senze isiqu, yonke ingcambu ye-basal iphelelwe.
- Ukudubula okuphambili kukhatywayo.
- Ama-buds angaphezulu amathathu ashiywe, amanye aphukile.
Indlela yokuquba i-currant xa ityala ngexesha entwasahlobo?
Amafomati xa kutyalwa i-currants entwasahlobo idlala indima ebalulekileyo, kufuneka ifakwe ngqo kwindawo yokulima. Ukusetyenziswa komgquba, i-peat, izakhi zamaminerali. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba ezi zinto zidibanise kakuhle nomhlaba, zahlula kwiinkqubo zengcambu kunye nomhlaba olula. Nantsi iresiphi yokuhlaziya entwasahlobo yomyezo wokutshala i-currant:
- Umquba - ukuya kwi-10 kg.
- Superphosphate - ukuya ku-200 g.
- I-potassium ye-Sulfuric-ukuya kwi-40 g.
Ngowuphi umnyaka i-currant ivelisa isiqhamo emva kokutshala?
Kwimeko xa i-currant ikhula emva kokutshala, umgangatho wokunakekelwa kwezityalo kubalulekile. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, isiqhamo sokuqala samajikijolo amnyama unakho ukunambitha ngexesha elizayo, kwaye iintlobo ezibomvu zivame ukuvelisa isityalo iminyaka emi-2. I-fruiting epheleleyo iqala kwi-currant emnyama ngexesha leminyaka engama-4, iindidi ezibomvu-berry zinako ukunika isivuno esiphezulu sonyaka wesi-5.