I-petunia ekhanyayo inandipha ukuthandwa ngokubalulekayo ngenxa yemnandi, ininzi kwaye iyinde, kwaye ingenakuthobeka. Ukunyusa i-petunia kwi-pot okanye kwindawo evulekile akuyi kukunika ingxaki, nokuba ungosigadi ongenalwazi.
Indlela yokutshala i-petunia?
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokutshala kakuhle ipilunia, kwaye nganye yazo inemibala yayo. Kunzima ukusho ngqo indlela eyilungileyo, kuba kukho nawuphi na umqathango, ngokwemiqathango, uya kukhula kunye neentyatyambo ezintle. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo, kuyafaneleka ukuba ufunde ngokubanzi malunga nazo zonke iimpawu zabo ngamnye kwaye benze izigqibo zabo. Ngoko, cinga iindlela zokutyala.
Indlela yokuhlwayela imbewu ye-petunia?
Ukulima kwe-petunia kwimbewu kubonakala ngale ndlela:
- Ekhaya, imbewu iyalinywa.
- Xa izityalo zomeleleyo, siyazihambisa.
- Ukongezelela, ehlobo, sibahlanyela kwiipatyambo zeentyatyambo kwaye badlulisele kwisitalato.
Makhe siqwalasele ngokucacileyo indlela yokutshala imbewu ye-petunia. Musa ukukwenza kungekudala kunokuba phakathi kwe-Matshi, xa usuku lokukhanya luye lwaba lude. Ukuba unethuba lokukhanyisa izityalo ngesibane esikhethekileyo, unako ukuhlawula ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Sisebenza ngokuvumelana ne-algorithm.
- Sithatha isitya, sinokuba sisitya esingasondli, sidlulisela kuyo umxube wehlabathi.
- Ukutywina umhlaba ngokubetha, inqanaba lomhlaba.
- Emva koko sithatha inqanaba yekhephu (ngo-Matshi wenyanga, njengomthetho, akukho nto ingxaki ngale nto), sinqanaba kwaye sihambelana.
- Emva koko usasaze imbewu kwikhephu. Kwiindawo apho bazaliswe khona kakhulu, basasaze i-toothpick.
- Xa iqhwa liyancibilika, imbewu iyaphantsi. Ukuwahlula ngothuli oluvela phezulu akudingekile.
Ngaloo mhlaba, i-petunias inokucingwa ukuba iphelile. Emva koko, thabatha i-tray yethu kwaye uyibeke endaweni efudumele kwaye ilungile, ngokufanelekileyo ukuba iwindow. Ukuba indawo leyo, ngombono wakho, ayifudumala ngokwaneleyo, okanye kukho inokwenzeka ukuba i-drafts, igubungela isitya kunye nefilimu okanye ukutya kwefilimu, ngaloo ndlela kudala izimo ezihlaziyekileyo zendawo yokuhlala.
Indlela yokutshala i-petunia kwi-granules?
Ingxaki ebalulekileyo ekuhlaleni i-petunia kukuhluma kwembewu ephantsi. Isisombululo seengxaki, ngokukodwa xa kuziwa kwiintlobo ezibizayo, imbewu ye-granulated - imbewu encinci iqokelelwa kwibhola elincinci, eligutywe ngegobolondo. Igobolondo ingaqukatha:
- izondlo;
- abaphuhlisi bokukhula besityalo;
- i-disinfectants.
Indlela yokutshala i-petunia kwi-granules? Kulula kakhulu.
- Silungiselela izitya-iplastiki okanye ukhuni kunye nemingxuma yamanzi, ngaphambili i-disinfected.
- Gcwalisa amatanki ngomhlaba malunga ne-6-10 cm.
- Ingaba i-grooves ingqimba ukuya kwi-millimeter kwaye ifanise i-granules. Ama-fibers ayidingi ukuba alele, nje ngcwinezela imbewu.
Ukunyamekela izityalo kwiipelisi akufani na ngasentla ngenjongo yokutyala imbewu - sinika imbewu ngokufudumele kwaye ilungele indawo, ukuba kuyimfuneko, siyazikhanyisa izithombo nge sibane, sikhusele kwiifom. Ngale ndlela yokutyala, ukuhluma kwe-petunia kufuneka kube malunga neepesenti ezilikhulu. Imbewu enjalo ikhula kwaye ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye emva kweenyanga ezi-2.5-3 uza kufumana isityalo esinamandla, silungele ukutyala kwiipotweni kwisitalato.
Ukuhlwayela i-petunia ngaphandle komhlaba
Ukukhula intyatyambo, umhlaba we-petunia, akuyimfuneko ngokwenene. Kukho indlela yokutshala isityalo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umhlaba, uya kufuna iphepha lokungasese le nto.
- Umgca wephepha langasese ungabonakali kwinqanaba lefilimu, uphefwe kakuhle ngesibhamu.
- Kwimitha malunga no-3 cm omnye komnye sisasaza kwimbewu yamaphepha.
- Imbewu ihlanganiswe enye umgca wephepha, ifakwe kakuhle.
- Fakela enye ingqambela yefilimu.
- Gcwalisa ifilimu kunye nephepha ukuya kwisiqulatho uze uyibeke kwiglasi okanye udibanise, uzalise ngamanzi ¾.
Kubalulekile ukuba ububanzi befilimu bufana nobubanzi bephepha. Amanzi kwitanki atshintsha rhoqo. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhluma, amahlumela, kunye kunye nomqulu, atyalwe emhlabathini. Xa izityalo zikhula, kufuneka sikhethe yonke imigaqo. Kwixesha elizayo, ukunyamekela izityalo, ezityalwa ngale ndlela, ahluke kwizinto ezahlukahlukeneyo zokulima.
Ukukhulisa i-petunia ekhaya
Ukuhlakulela i-petunia kwimbewu akuyinkqubo enzima. Ukuba izityalo zikhulile zisuka kuma-pellets, iintyatyambo zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye, mhlawumbi ziza kuba namandla, kwaye imbewu enotyalwe ngqo phantsi okanye kwi- cochlea (indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-petunia ehamba ngaphandle komhlaba) ikhula ixesha elide. Kodwa nangona kunjalo, ukulima kwe-petunia kufuneka kwenziwe ngokwemiqathango, kwaye kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezintle kuzo.
Umhlaba we petunia
Ukulima kwezityalo ze-petunia ziza kuphumelela xa zitsalwa kwindawo emhle. Unjani umxube womhlaba onokuthathwa njengento efanelekileyo kwientyatyambo? Kufuneka zibandakanye:
- nomhlaba;
- iqela lomhlaba;
- humus;
- peat.
Xa uthengisa i-substrate, funda ngokucophelela ukubunjwa kobukho balezi zixhobo. Amanqwanqwa amaninzi awenziwe ngokulungelelanisa ukulungeleka ngokufanelekileyo ukukhula okufanelekileyo nophuhliso lwe-petunia. Nangona kuthengwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela ingqalelo kwi-acidity yomxube wehlabathi okhethiweyo - izakhiwo ezinamandla kunye ne-alkaline kakhulu akunakuze zifikelele ekuhlaleni i-petunia, kungcono ukuba ungazami.
Petunia - ukunakekelwa
Ukujonga izityalo ezininzi kunye nemibala emininzi eqaqambileyo, abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba mhlawumbi ziyimfihlelo ezikhethekileyo zokukhupha i-petunias. Kodwa oku akunjalo. Iimfihlelo ziquka kuphela ukugcina imithetho yokunyamekela imibala, naziphi na izenzo ezizodwa zokwenza oko akuyimfuneko. Makhe siqwalasele ngokucacileyo indlela yokubonelela ngayo i-petunia ngeemeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kunye nokugquma kwezigaba ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso lwezityalo.
Ukunyamekela i-petunia ihluma
Ukuze i ntyatyambo ikhule kakuhle, phuhlisa kakuhle kwaye kwikamva uza kukunceda ngeentyantyambo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukunyamekela kakuhle kwe-petunia emva kokuvela. Into yokuqala yokwenza xa ubona amahlumela okuqala kukunciphisa ubushushu bomoya ukuya kuma-20 ° C. Ukunkcenkceshela kukumodareyitha, ukungavumeli ukutywa komhlaba kwaye kungabikho ukukhukula kwesityalo. Kungcono ukugcina ibhodlela ngamachoko endaweni elalibiweyo, abasayi kuba neengcamango.
Ukunyamekelwa kweepeluni zezithombo
Ukunyamekela izityalo ekhaya
- Izithombo zifuna ukukhanya okukhulu. Ukukhawulezisa ukuphuhliswa kwezityalo, kufuneka ukwandise usuku lokukhanya kweentyatyambo, usebenzisa izibane ezizodwa.
- Xa nganye intyatyambo ifana namaqabunga ama-2-3, kufuneka idibene - ibekwe kwiibhotile ezihlukeneyo. Ukuba oku kungenziwanga, inkqubo yeengcambu ayiyi kukwazi ukuphuhlisa. Njengembiza, abaninzi banqwenela ukusebenzisa iikomityi ezilahlayo - oku kuya kunceda ukungaphuthelwa umzuzu xa iintyatyambo zifuna ukutshintshwa.
- Xa ingcambu izalise ngokupheleleyo itanki, i-petunia kufuneka ifakwe kwisitya esisigxina.
Indlela yokuhambisa ipilunia?
Ukukhulisa i-petunia eqaqambileyo yaphumelela, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba ungayinisela njani imbewu yezityalo ze-petunia. Kwimigangatho eyahlukileyo yokuphuhliswa kwezityalo kwiinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela ziya kuhluka. Xa izityalo ze-petunia ziqala ukuphakama, ziphantsi kwefilimu ye-polyethylene, eyenza i-greenhouse effect. Ngenxa yobuncwane bomhlaba aphelelanga, kwaye ukutyilisa izityalo kufuneka kube mnqabile kakhulu, kungekho ixesha eli-1 kwiiveki ezimbini.
Emva kokuba ususe ifilimu, umhlaba uya kumeka ngamanye amaxesha ngokukhawuleza. Izilwanyana zePetunia zinyanzeliswa kakhulu ngomlala, kwaye ukuba izityalo ezincinci ziqala ukuma, ngelishwa, azikwazi ukuhlaziywa. Nciphisa izityalo rhoqo xa uqaphela ukuba uluhlu oluphezulu lomhlaba lumile. Yenza oku ngenyameko - bhetele nge-syringe okanye kwisirinji phantsi kweengcambu.
Ngokubhekisele kumntu omdala we-petunia okhulayo kwi-balcony okanye kwindawo evulekile, amanzi amaninzi, kuxhomekeke kwimozulu, kodwa nakubani na ubuncinane ubuncinane kabini ngeveki. Ukuba ukukhuphula i-petunia kwenzeka ekhaya, ukulawulwa okunjalo kunokubangela ukubola kweengcambu, kanye emva kweentsuku ezili-10 kufuneka zilungele. Enye intyatyambo, ngokukodwa ikhula elangeni, iyakuthanda kakhulu ukutshiza kwiphitshi yefrayim, ukwenza ngcono kangcono kusasa okanye kusihlwa, xa isimo sezulu asishisi.
Petunia ukondla
Njengazo ezininzi izimbali, i-petuniyidinga ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ewe, inkolelo isityalo sikwazi ukukhula, intyatyambo kwaye ivelise imbewu ngaphandle kokuqaliswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezichumisi, kodwa kwinqanaba elithile ukunikezwa kwezondlo kumhlaba uphela, ukuphuhliswa kobuninzi obuninzi kunye nenkqubo engcambu ingabandezeleka, ukuqhutywa kweentyantyambo kungeke kube nzima kwaye, njengoko kunokuqondwa, imbewu izityalo ziya kuba zingekho. Ngoko ke, kuyafaneleka ukufunda ngokubanzi indlela yokukhetha isichumisi se-petunia.
Ukutya kokuqala kwe-petunia
Xa izityalo zisemncinci, zisengozini kakhulu, kwaye ngoku kubaluleke ngaphezu kwanamhlanje ukugcina yonke imithetho yokukhuphula i-petunia. Emva kokuhluma kumhlaba omtsha, i-petunia izithombo zifumana zonke izondlo eziyimfuneko, kodwa kungekudala, zingekho ngaphezu kweeveki eziyi-2-3. Emva koko, kubalulekile ukuqala ukumondla. Kuphuhliso oluqhelekileyo, kubalulekile ukongeza i-nitrogen fertilizer ekhuthaza ukukhula kobutyebi obuninzi. Kaninzi oku akusoloko kuyimfuneko - i-nitrojeni engaphezu kweyona ayingozi nakakhulu kunokungabi naso. Urhulumente ophezulu uguqula izityalo rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini.
Ukongezwa kwe-petunia emva kokukhetha
Emva kokuthabatha i-petunia izithombo, umntu kufuneka atyale kunye nezichumiso zendalo yonke, okuya kunceda iintyatyambo zihlale kwindawo entsha. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba izityalo zithathele ingcambu (oku kuphawulekayo kwiimeko zabo), kubalulekile ukondla i-petunia izithombo zokukhula. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa i-crystal eluhlaza, ii-vithamini B1, B12. Ukuba inani lembewu likhulu kakhulu, iifomflethi ezixakekileyo zihlala zisetyenziselwa izityalo zezimbali.
I-tyiyiti ye-petunia yeentyantyambo
Ukutya okusemfuyo ukukhula kunye nokuqhakaza kuyimfuneko emva kokutshintshwa kwezityalo kwindawo engunaphakade. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwePotassium kusetyenziselwa ukukhula, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwaye ngokubhekisele kwientyantyambo, nento yokutya kufuneka ihluke kancinci - ininzi ye potassium kunye ne-phosphorus ekubunjweni. Ezi zichumisi kufuneka zenziwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo - kungekudala kunokuba intyatyambo iya kwandisa ubuninzi obuninzi, kwaye xa ibukeka isihlahla siya kukukholisa.
Ukuzaliswa kwe-petunia
Emva kokuba ukhulile i-petunia isiqithi, unokuyandisa ngokulula. Kodwa akudingeki ukuba uqokelele imbewu yeentyantyambo (enzima kakhulu ukuyenza), uphinde uzihlume uze uhlume phantsi kwefilimu nezibane. Kukho indlela elula, kwaye engekho ngaphantsi komsebenzi - ukuveliswa kwe-petunia cuttings .
- Into yokuqala yokwenza ngexesha elifanelekileyo kukugcina isityalo se-uterine. Ukuba ikhula esitrato, ekwindla, ukuyifakelwa ebusika ebhodweni.
- Sinika iqondo lokushisa elifanelekileyo kwi-petunia ebusika ngo-10-15 ° C.
- Ukususela phakathi nobusika kuncedo ukuqala ukutyalisa intyatyambo kunye ne-nitrogen fertilizer, sinikezela ngokukhanyisa okwaneleyo.
- Sikhetha ixesha elifanelekileyo lokunquma, ngokusekelwe kwinto yokuba phakathi kokutyala kunye nokuqala kwemifuno kuthatha iinyanga ezimbini.
- Masihlawule ishishini. Sihlola isiqithi, khetha iinqununu, ezinokungenani ezineqabunga ezi-4-5, zinqumle.
- Susa amaqabunga avela kwiinqununu, ushiye ezimbini eziphezulu.
- Senza i-stimulator ye-cutting cutting for rooting.
- Emva koko, lungiselela i-substrate. Ngokubunjwa, kufuneka kufane neyasetyenziswa ekukhuleni i-petunia kwimbewu. Siphatha umhlaba ngeefungicides.
- Ukutyala iinqununu zomhlaba, ngasinye kwisilazi esahlukileyo. Ukunyaniseka ngokungaqinisekanga malunga ne-1.5 cm.
Elinye iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu - ukulima kwe-petunia kwi-cut cut will be successful if no more than an hour passes between the cuttings cuttings and their planting in the ground. Ngamaqabunga amaqabunga amahlathi anokunqunyulwa ngamaxesha amaninzi, njengoko ekhula, kodwa ungalibali ukutya rhoqo isityalo. Ukuba yonke imithetho yokutshala i-petunia ichazwe ngasentla ifumaneka, ukunyuka kwe-rooting kunye nokutshala kwezityalo kuya kuba ngu-100%.