Kungekudala ezweni lethu kuba yinyanzeliso yokuqhuba uphononongo lwezifo zofuzo kunye nokuhlola i-audiological yintsana. Le mi sebenzi ijoliswe ekuboneni ngexesha kunye nokunyangwa kwezifo ezibi kakhulu.
Yintoni ukuhlolwa kwesoonatal kubantwana abasana?
Ukuhlola iintsana kuyinkqubo yesininzi ukuchonga izifo ezithandekayo. Ngamanye amazwi, oku kukuvavanywa kwazo zonke iintsana ngaphandle kokungabikho kwimiba ethile yezifo ezithile zegazi. Uninzi lweemfuyo ezingaqhelekanga zintsana ziyafumaneka nakwixesha lokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, akubona bonke. Ukufumanisa uluhlu olubanzi lwezifo, uphando olongezelelweyo lwenziwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwesantya kwintsana kuzalwa kwintsuku yokuqala yobomi bentsana, xa esesibhedlele. Ukwenza oku, umntwana uthatha igazi esithendeni kwaye uqhuba isifundo sebhubhoratri. Iziphumo zokujonga iintsana zizalisekile kwiintsuku ezili-10. Ukuhlolwa okuqala kwangaphambili kudibaniswe nelokuba isifo eso sibonakaliswe ngaphambili, amathuba amaninzi apho kukho ukubuyiswa komntwana. Yaye ininzi yezifo ezifundwayo azikwazi ukubonakalisa ukubonakala kwangaphandle kwiinyanga eziliqela, kwaneminyaka yobomi.
Ukuhloliswa kweintsana kubandakanya iimviwo zezi zifo ezilandelayo:
I-Phenylketonuria isifo esibandakanya ukungabikho okanye ukuncipha kwimisebenzi ye-enzyme eyenza i-amino acid phenylalanine. Ingozi yesi sifo kukuqokelela kwe-phenylalanine egazini, leyo leyo ingakhokelela ekuphazameni kwegazi, ukulimala kwengqondo, ukuphuza kwengqondo.
I-Cystic fibrosis- isifo esihamba kunye nokuphazanyiswa kweenkqubo zokugaya kunye nokuphefumula, kwakunye nokuphulwa komntwana.
I-hypothyroidism engamaqabane iyisifo se-thyroid gland, ebonakalisa ukuphulwa kwemveliso ye-hormone, ekhokelela ekuphazamiseni ukuphucula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Esi sifo sinokuchaphazela amantombazana kunamakhwenkwe.
I-Adrenogenital syndrome - isethi yezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nokuphazanyiswa kwe-correx ye-adrenal. Zichaphazela imetabolism nomsebenzi wazo zonke izitho zomzimba womntu. Ezi ngxaki zichaphazela kakubi isondo, i-cardiovascular system, kunye neentso. Ukuba awuyi kuqali unyango ngexesha, ke esi sifo singakhokelela ekufeni.
I-Galactosemia isifo esiqulethwe ukungabikho kwee-enzyme zokuqhubela i-galactose. Ukuqokelela emzimbeni, le nzyme iyichaphazela isibindi, isimiso seentsholongwane, ukuphuhlisa umzimba kunye nokuva.
Njengoko sibona, zonke izifo eziphandwayo ziyingozi kakhulu. Yaye ukuba ungenzi uvavanyo lokuhlola iintsana ngexesha elitsha kwaye ungaqalanga unyango, imiphumo ingaba ngaphezu kweyona nto.
Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zokuhlola i-newborn, i-ultrasound inokumiselwa, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko ukuseka ukuchongwa okuchanekileyo nokucacileyo.
Yintoni ekuhloliseni i-audiological for the newborns?
Ukuhlolisiswa kwezinto ezisemgangathweni kwezilwanyana ezisanda kuzalwa zibizwa ngokuba yi-test hearing yokuqala. Ngoku ngaphezulu kwe-90% yabantwana bavavanywa ngokusesikweni kwisibhedlele sokubeleka, ngelixa abanye bathunyelwa ukujonga ukuvalelwa kwiklinikhi.
Kwaye, ukuba kuphela abantwana abasengozini yokubeka i-audiological screening, ngoku kuyafuneka ukuba zonke iintsana zizalwe. Uphononongo olunjalo luhambelana nokusebenza okuphezulu kokubuyiselwa kweentetho ukuba ingxaki ifunyenwe ngexesha. Ukongeza, ii-prosthetics ezineengcebiso zokuvalelwa zivame ukusetyenziswa ngenyanga yokuqala yobomi, kwaye kufuneka ukuxilongwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo.