- Indawo: 600,000 sq. M. km
- Ukuphakama ngaphezu kweselwandle: 1000 m
"Siphila eZanzibar, eKalahari naseSahara ...". Ngubani phakathi kwethu ebuntwaneni bam engayifunda le migca! Ngubani na ongayiphendula, yintoni intlango yaseKalahari, kweliphi ilizwe?
Akunzima ukufumana intlango yaseKalahari kwimephu: itholakala kwintsimi yamazwe amathathu ase-Afrika - iNamibia , uMzantsi Afrika kunye neBotswana, ehlala kwicala lezantsi-ntshona yexinzelelo lweKalahar. Kwiindawo ezilathu zintlango ezinkulu eAfrika, iKhahari ihlala kwindawo yesibini enkulu kunazo zonke, kwindawo yesibini kuphela kwiSahara (ukuthelekisa: indawo yeSahara iikhilomitha ezili-9,765,000, i-Kalahari i-600,000, kunye neyesithathu inkulu intaba yaseNamib "kuphela" eyii-100,000 square km ).
Ulwazi jikelele
Ngamanye amaxesha unokufumana enye idatha kwingingqi yenkangala: amanani angama-930 000 sq. km. Nangona kunjalo, eqinisweni, oku akuyona indawo yenkangala, kodwa indawo yendawo yokuhlamba ibanjwe yiKalahar Sands, ebizwa ngokuthi iMega-Kalahari. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba indawo yentlango kunye nesitya siya kukhula; Isitya, ngaphezu kweNamibia, eBotswana kunye neRiphabhlikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, inommandla wenxalenye ye-Angola neZambia.
Imihlaba yaseKalahari iyancipha kakhulu. Zakhiwa ngokuyinhloko ngeesanti zamatye e-limestone. Ngombala obomvu, ocacisa ngokucacileyo umfanekiso weKalahari ukusuka kwiifoto zenye ihlane, iisanti zibangelwa umxholo ophezulu we-iron oxide. E-Kalahari kukho idiphozi zelahle, idayim kunye nobhedu.
I-"capital" engafanelekanga yaseKalahari yidolophu yaseBotswana yaseGanzi. Kwinqaba yaseKalahar, kufuphi nomda weentlango ngokwawo, ngumkhulu waseNamibia, isixeko saseWhohohoek .
Indawo eyaziwayo yaseKalahari eNamibia yiKlahari-Gemsbok National Park ; ikhona phakathi kwemida yeNamibia neBotswana.
Imozulu
Kwiindawo ezahlukileyo zeKalahari zivela kuma-250 mm (ngasezantsi nangasentshona-ntshona) ukuya kwi-1000 mm (ngasenyakatho) yemvula ngonyaka. Uninzi lwabo luwela ehlotyeni ngendlela yemvula yamanzi; Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzekayo ngobusuku okanye ngokukhawuleza emva kwemini, kwaye iimvula zihlala zihamba kunye neendudumo. Ukuxabisa yonke ubuqaqawuli beCalahari inokuphela ngexesha lezimvula.
Ilanga limi ebudeni besikhathi semini phezulu phezulu, kwanebusika. Ngenxa yobuncwane obuncinane bamafu phezu kweKalahari cishe akuze kwenzeke. Ehlotyeni umoya uvuselela ufike kwi-35 ° C okanye ngaphezulu emini, umhlaba uyavutha kakhulu kangangokuba abahlali abakwazi ukuhamba bengenazicathulo apha. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobuncwane obuphantsi, ubushushu bugqithiselwa ngokulula.
Ukushisa kwebusuku kwanehlobo kusezantsi-malunga ne-15 ... + 18 ° С. Ebusika, ebusuku, i-thermometer iya ku-0 ° C, kwaye iphakama ibe yi-20 ° C kwaye iphezulu emini.
I Kalahari Rivers
Umlambo ogqwesileyo kakhulu u-Kalahari-Okavango; yaziwa ngokuyinhloko kuba ayihambi ndawo: kuyo yonke indlela yayo ende (ubude bomlambo i-1600 km, ihlala kwindawo yesine eMzantsi Afrika ubude), i-Okavango ilahlekelwa kwi-95% yomswakama wayo, ophelelwa yinyama ephahleni.
Umlambo uphela kwiimvula ezisempuma-ntshona ye Kalahari. I-Okavango inxalenye yomda phakathi kweNamibia neBotswana. Kwaye ngexesha lemvula, lizalisa amanzi alo ngeLake Ngami. Kukho nezinye imilambo eKalahari: iNosop, Molopo kunye ne-Avob. Bazalisa ngamanzi kuphela ngexesha lezimvula, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bayomisa.
Kukho namachibi apha: kwindawo yeMakgadikgadi kukho indawo enkulu yelibi legama elifanayo, elinye lamachibi amaninzi kunamanzi ehlabathini, kunye neenqanawa zaseSoa naseNetvetve.
Ihlabathi lemifuno yentlango
Enyanisweni, i-Kalahari ayikho intlango ngokuqhelekileyo ngengqondo yegama. Kukho indawo yokuhlala, apho izityalo ze-xeromorphic zikhula. Nazi iindlela eziqhelekileyo:
- ohn;
- i-antelpy ikhukhamba;
- crotalia;
- ziziphus;
- greece;
- kwisiphelo;
- hudiya gordony;
- Umqeshi wezimvu ezimhlophe;
- umalusi.
Imimandla emikhulu ihlanganiswe ne-watermelon tsam. Bahlala besindisa abantu kunye nezilwanyana kwindoda.
Izilwanyana zaseKalahari
Izilwanyana zasentlango zihluke kakhulu kunezityalo zayo. Izilwanyana "eziphambili" zaseKalahari ziyiyo, iinqonyana. Kukho nabancinci abancinci apha: iingwe, iinqweba, izimpungushe zaseMzantsi Afrika. Kwakhona kwintlango zihlala ezi zilwanyana ezifana:
- i-ratupial rat;
- inja endizayo;
- idiza;
- ibhokhwe;
- isirafu;
- i-antelopes - i-wildebeest kunye ne-jumpers;
- oqinileyo.
Kodwa iinkamela kwi Kalahari azifumaneki. Kodwa apha unako ukubona iintlobo ezininzi zeentaka, kunye neentlanzi - iinyoka kunye nezilwanyana.
Lwabantu
Enkangala kukho iintlanga ezininzi. I-Bushmen Kalahari ihlala ngokuzingela nokuqokelela.
Ndingafika njani kwi Kalahari?
Akunqweneli ukuya kwintlango wena; Kungcono ukuthenga uhambo olulungeleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ukutyelela kungekhona kwiCalahari kuphela, kodwa nakwintlango yaseNamib.