Indlela efanelekileyo yokuthintela izifo ezithathelwanayo kunye nezifo ezibangelwa zizifo ezigulanayo. Ukugonywa kwi-diphtheria kubantu abadala kubandakanywa uluhlu lwamanyathelo amiselweyo ukuze kugcinwe ukukhuseleka komzimba kumagciwane. Kubalulekile ukuba uhlale uqhuba inkqubo ngexesha, njengoko isifo sisasazeka kwaye sisasazwa ngamaconsi.
IDiphtheria kubantu abadala
Esi sifo sishukunyiswa yi-toxins, ezifihliweyo yi-british Corynebacterium diptheria. Zichaphazela iimbumba ezinobuncwane bendlela yokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi i-pharynx, i-tonsils kunye ne-larynx, kunye nomgangatho wezitho zangaphakathi-amathumbu, izintso. Ngenxa yoko, utywala obunzima bukhula, ukuxhatshazwa, i-angina iyaqhubeka.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba isifo siyingozi kakhulu, sinezinga eliphezulu lokufa kwabantwana kunye naphakathi kwesizukulwana esidala.
Isitofu sokulwa ne-diphtheria ngumntu omdala
Inkambo yokugonywa ngamagatya amathathu, kufuneka igqitywe kwasebuncinci (ngaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18). Ukuba umntu akagonywanga, ke iilisi ezimbini ziyenziwa kuqala ngekhefu leentsuku ezingama-30, kunye neyesithathu kwinyanga ezili-12.
Ukugonywa okuqhubekayo ukusuka kwi-diphtheria kubantu abadala kuyenziwa kanye kwiminyaka eyi-10 kwaye kuthiwa yi-booster. Ikuvumela ukuba uhlale unomlinganiselo wamagciwane omzimba emzimbeni kwi-agent causative yesifo kwaye usebenza njengesithintelo esisebenzayo.
Umjovo ngokwawo awuqukethe iibhaktheriya, kodwa kuphela i-toxins ayifakile. Ngaloo ndlela, impendulo efanelekileyo ye-immune yenziwa ngaphandle kwengozi yokuxhatshazwa.
Ukugonywa kwabantu abadala malunga ne-diphtheria kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweemithi ezidibeneyo ezithintela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kuphela, kodwa nangetetanus ne poliomyelitis.
Izixazululo ezisetyenzisiweyo - ADS-M Anatoxin (Russia) kunye ne-Imovax DT Adult (France). Zomibini izidakamizwa ziqukethe i-diphtheria kunye ne-tetanus toxoid. Kubalulekile ukumisela izinga le-antitoxin emzimbeni wesigulane ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo. Ukuxinwa kwamagciwane okulwa ne-antidiphtheria kufuneka ukuba ubuncinane ubuncinane bama-unit 1:40, kunye ne-tetanus antibodies - 1:20.
Isigodlo sokugonywa kwesifo se-polio sithiwa yi-tetracock. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, ihamba ngeendlela ezininzi zokuhlanjululwa, ngoko kukhuselekile kunokwenzeka.
Akunqabile ukugoma abantu abadala kwi-diphtheria kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-monopreparation (AD-M Anatoxin). Kuboniswe ngxinaniso ephantsi ye-antitoxins egazini lomntu okanye ukuba isigonyo sokugqibela senziwa ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10 edlulileyo.
Ukuchasana nokugonya kumntu omdala we-diphtheria
Eyona imeko kuphela apho ijojo engenako ukuyenza yinto ebangela ukuba i-allergies ifakwe kwi-toxins.
Ukuchaswa kwexeshana:
- ukwanda kweqondo lomzimba;
- isigaba esichukumisayo sesiphi na isifo;
- Ukukhulelwa (phambi kweveki ezili-12).
Iziphumo kunye neengxaki zokugonywa kwi-diphtheria ngumntu omdala
Akukho zengxaki zempilo eziqhubekayo ezingabangeli ugonyo. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kukho igalelo elifutshane elifutshane elifutshane:
- coryza;
- otitis media;
- ukubuyisela kwakhona nokuhlanganiswa kwezicubu ezithambileyo malunga neendawo apho isilenze senziwe khona;
- pharyngitis ;
- isifo sohudo;
- ukugqithisa isikhumba;
- bronchitis ;
- ukwanda kwindlubhiso yomzimba (kungabi ngaphezu kwama-38 degrees);
- i-malaise;
- ukukhwehlela;
- khulisa;
- ukubetha kunye nokuvuvukala kwesikhumba (kwindawo ye-injection);
- dermatitis.
Iipathologies ezidwelisweyo zidlula ngokuzimeleyo iintsuku ezingama-3-5, okanye zilungelelaniswe kakuhle kunyango ngamanyathelo asemgangathweni.
Kuza kubekho namhlanje, akukho nkathazo ezibikwe emva kokugonywa kwi-diphtheria, ukuba zonke iinconywa zilandelwa ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe emva kokugonywa.