Emazweni athuthukileyo, ezininzi iingxaki zonyango zixazululwe kwi-primary practitioner admission. Ugqirha lentsapho lunceda ukugcina kuphela ixesha lezonyango, kodwa nemali. Kwiimeko ezininzi, unako ukutshintsha oogqirha benkcazo encinci kunye neqela lexakeka.
Udokotela jikelele - ngubani lo?
Ukutyelela esibhedlele nangayiphi na impawu, umntu uzama ukuya kumgqirha wokuqala. Kule meko, izigulane azibuze ukuba: omnye ugqirha ngumntu oseklinikhi. Iingcali zentsapho nazo ziqhuba ukwamkela kumaziko ezonyango, kodwa ubukhulu bomsebenzi wakhe bubanzi kakhulu. Ndiyabulela ngcebiso ngogqirha onjalo, unokukhawuleza ukuseka ukuxilongwa ngaphandle kokungadingekanga uphando nophando lwebhoratri.
Ugqirha kunye nodokotela jikelele umehluko
Ugqirha ojongene neentsapho oqeqeshekileyo uyinzululwazi ehlukeneyo kunye nolwazi kuwo onke amachiza. Into ephambili, indlela umgqirha ahluke ngayo kumsebenzi jikelele, ubukhulu bomsebenzi wakhe. Iimbopheleleko zengcali yentsapho ziquka amanqaku amaninzi. Ngokungafani nomgqirha, ugqirha ochazweyo unokukwenza ukululaza nokuxilonga okulula, izixhobo zakhe zifakwe kwiofisi yakhe.
Jikelele-ootitshala
Uvavanyo lweengcali kuqala lufumana imfundo ephakamileyo yempilo. Akubona zonke izigulane ziqonda ukuba "utyando jikelele" lithetha ntoni, kumdibanisa nomgqirha. Ugqirha onjalo uneziqinisekiso eziphambili. Ukuyifumana emva kwediploma yesiseko kunye nokufundela, kufuneka uqedele ukuhlala kwindawo ekhethekileyo "Ulwabiwo Lwezentlalo (Uqeqesho Oluqhelekileyo)". Abaqeshwa bezibhedlele, abafumana imfundo ephakamileyo ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwesi sifundo, bangahlaziywa ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza.
Uphi umsebenzi oqhelekileyo osebenzayo?
Ugqirha wentsapho yinto ekhethekileyo yendawo yonke evumela ukuba usebenze kwiiklinikhi zombini nakwizodwa. Nangona umsebenzi wegqirha ngokuqhelekileyo awuxabiswanga ngokwembuyekezo yempahla, abaninzi abaqeqeshwayo abavulelekileyo bavula amagumbi abo okufumana. Abanye oogqirha kuphela bajongana nokucebisa ngabanye iintsapho.
Izixhobo zesebe jikelele
Iingcali ezichaziweyo zingenza iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga kunye nezokwelapha. Ugqirha wentsapho alunayo kuphela i-phonendoscope, i-thermometer ne-tonometer, kodwa nezinye iifowuni. Umgangatho kwiofisi yegqirha kufuneka ibe yipenitshala eyimfuneko yomsebenzi wengcali, umongikazi kunye nezixhobo ezilandelayo:
- electrocardiograph ephathekayo;
- defibrillator;
- ukuchaza abahlalutyi bamanzi, i-glucose level, i-cholesterol, i-cardiomarkers egazini;
- Smokey;
- i-pulsi oximeter;
- izixhobo zokulinganisa izibonakaliso zomzimba (izikali, i-rostometer, isitwatchwatch, i-pedometer, iforki yezokwelapha kunye nabanye);
- i-negatoscope;
- i-spirometer;
- izixhobo zokufakelwa umoya;
- ipikfluometer;
- I-Tonometer yokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-fundus;
- bazinzi;
- ikiti ye-conicotomy;
- dynamometers;
- Breathalyzer;
- isiseko somzimba, isitulo sesitulo;
- Izixhobo ze-otolaryngological (umnini-wolwimi, i-rotor-expander, i-forceps yamanzi kunye nabanye);
- i-tracheotomy kit;
- ophthalmoscope;
- izixhobo zoxinzelelo oluphambili kunye nokunyamekela (ukunqabana, i-shield, ukhuni, i-ice bladder kunye nabanye);
- otorinoscope;
- umzobo;
- i-oxygen inhaler;
- aspirator;
- i-irradiator ye-bactericidal;
- izixhobo zobuchopho (isando, isikhokelo esilula);
- zokuphefumula kunye nezixhobo;
- I-scalpels oyinyumba kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Yintoni eyenziwa ngugosa jikelele?
Ugqirha weentsapho oqeqeshiweyo uzinikele ekunikezeni zonke iintlobo zononophelo lwonyango kwiziko lokugula. Ukuba isigulane siphepha isifo sokungafihlwanga esingabandakanywa kwiluhlu lwentsebenziswano jikelele, ubhekiselwa kwingcali ekhethekileyo. Ugqirha uyagcina zonke izigaba zokuxilongwa kunye neyeza "yewadi" yakhe, njengoko kuyimfuneko, yenza utshintsho.
Umsebenzi jikelele - imisebenzi yomsebenzi
Iyeza lentsapho lithatha ixesha elide lokujonga imeko yesigulane, umbutho weengxoxo zoogqirha abazizodwa kunye nezifundo zelabhoratri, unyango olulusayo kunye nokukhuselwa kwezifo. Imisebenzi ephambili ye-GP:
- ukuqokelela iinkcukacha ze-anamnesis ezipheleleyo zamalungu entsapho;
- Ukuhlolisisa izigulane usebenzisa iindlela zonyango ezijoliswe kuyo;
- inkcazo yezifundo ezizodwa kunye nokuhlalutya;
- ku xilongwa;
- ukungena lonke ulwazi kwikhadi lomntu;
- ukutyunjwa kwonyango olusebenzayo, ukudluliselwa esibhedlele njengoko kuyimfuneko;
- ukuchongwa kwezinto ezinobungozi bokuphuhliswa okanye ukuxhatshazwa kwezifo ezingapheliyo;
- lokugonywa ;
- Ukubhaliswa kwamaxwebhu ezonyango (umhlalaphi, i-sanatorium-resort resort, izitifiketi, ikhadi lesikhefu lokugula kunye nabanye);
- ukukhulelwa (okungafanekiyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanyeka kwi-gynecologist kunye nodokotela wentsapho);
- uncedo lokuqala kunye neengxoxo.
Iimvavanyo ezifunekayo
Ugqirha lwamayeza entsapho lincoma kakhulu iimvavanyo zelabhoratri eziqhelekileyo. Emva kokungeniswa kokuqala, ugqirha uqoka:
- Ukuhlalutya ngokubanzi kwegazi kunye nomchamo;
- nkcubeko ;
- vavanyo lwegazi kunye ne- biochemical blood ;
- i-bacterioscopy;
- biochemistry yomchamo.
Ukuba isethi esisiseko seemvavanyo asiyanele, iingcali zentsapho zikhokelela kwiimviwo ezongezelelweyo:
- ipaneli yehomoni;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela;
- ukufunyanwa kwabaqhubi ;
- virology;
- uhlalutyo lokuhlasela kwe-helminthic;
- cytology nabanye.
Iintlobo zoxilongo
Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezenziwa ngabagqirha -
- ukuphulaphula intliziyo kunye nezandi zokuphefumula;
- uviwo lwee-lymph nodes;
- ingqungquthela yomqolo nesifuba;
- Uviwo lweendlebe, i-larynx, impumlo;
- isalathiso se-digestive kunye ne-urinary system;
- iimviwo zonyango;
- ukuxilongwa kwe-system ye-musculoskelet system;
- uviwo lwamalungu ombono;
- uvavanyo lweengqondo kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuxilonga.
Xa ubona i-GP?
Isizathu sokubonisana neengcali zentsapho sinokuba nayiphi na utshintsho kwiimeko zempilo okanye imeko yomzimba, kuquka ukukhulelwa. Udokotela oqhelekileyo akayikubeka kuphela ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kwaye anike iziphakamiso ezixabisekileyo, kodwa kwakhona aphuhlise i-regimen yonyango. Ukuba isifo esifumene singaphandle kwenkalo yesakhono, isigulane sithunyelwa kwiingcali zeprofayili echanekileyo, uluhlu lweemvavanyo zonyango olufunekayo lunikwa.
Intsapho ejongene nodokotela iya kunceda ngeempawu ezilandelayo:
- izinga lokushisa lomzimba;
- ukukhahlela kwesikhumba;
- izifo zokutya;
- isifo sosizi kwanoma yiyiphi inzondelelo kunye noluntu;
- ukukhathala okungapheliyo;
- kulala;
- ukuwohloka kwezinto ezibonakalayo okanye ukuva;
- ukubonakala kwe-moles entsha okanye ukutshintsha ukubonakala kwe-nevi;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane, ubunzima bokuphefumla;
- ukungcola, ukunciphisa ingqwalaselo;
- ukukhwehlela, ukuvakala kwezwi;
- ukudibanisa kwendoda;
- ukuxuma ngokukhawuleza kwixinzelelo lwegazi;
- ukungonakaliswa kwamandla okusebenza;
- Ukulahleka okungekho nto okanye ukufumana ubunzima obungenangqiqo;
- unxaniwe, umlomo owomileyo;
- ukubetha kwizitho, ukugubha;
- umda wokuhamba kwemva, iinyawo;
- neuroses;
- iziphazamiso ezixinezelekileyo kunye nezinye iimpawu.
Icebiso legqirha
Ukongezelela ekuphatheni izifo ezikhoyo, intsapho yecandelo lijongene nokuthintela ukukhuselwa kwamathambo. Iingcebiso ezigqithisileyo zonyango ziquka iziphakamiso ezisisiseko zokugcina impilo enempilweni kunye nokuphila ngokupheleleyo:
- Thola ukulala ngokwaneleyo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uye kuphumla ngaphandle kweeyure ezingama-22 ukuya kuma-23. Isixa sokulala sisithuba sama-8-10 iiyure.
- Ukulinganisela ukutya. Ukutya kufuneka kuqulethe iivithamini, iiprotheni, amaminerali, i-amino acid kunye ne-carbohydrate. Kubalulekile ukwanelisa iimfuno zemihla ngemizimba yombane.
- Ukunika ixesha lokwenza umsebenzi. Kunconywe ngugqirha wosapho ubuncinane ubuncinane-imizuzu emihlanu-yemizuzu eyishumi ekuseni.
- Gwema u kukhulula ngokomzwelo. Ukuxinezeleka kunempembelelo embi kungekhona nje kwimeko yengqondo, kodwa kwonakalisa i-immune system.
- Ukuphelisa ngokukhawuleza izifo ezingapheliyo. Ukuba iimeko ezinobunzima zikhona, kubalulekile ukukhusela ukuphindaphinda kwazo, ngokubambelela ngokuthe ngqo kwiikholeji zokukhusela ezichazwe ngugqirha wosapho.
- Ukutyelela rhoqo ukuhlolwa okucwangcisiweyo. Kucetyiswa ukuba uphumelele uviwo lwezempilo olupheleleyo rhoqo ngonyaka, ukubonisana nodokotela wamazinyo, ugqirha wamazinyo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu.