Enye yezona ndawo ziphambili kwiiyeza zonyango, ekubeni kutshanje, ngelishwa, iimeko zokufumanisa izicubu ezinzima ziye zanda kakhulu. Ukuqala ukuxilongwa komhlaza, uhlalutyo lunconywa kubaqhubi - ukuba oku kungaziwa kuzo zonke izigulane, ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuqhutyelwa ukungalawulwa, kwaye iziphumo zalo azikho ulwazi. Kodwa ukuba ukwenza ngokuchanekileyo, unokukhusela ukukhula kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwezidumbu ezahlukeneyo, kwaye uvavanye ukuphumelela kwonyango.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa ntoni kubanikezeli abathile?
Naluphi na u-neoplasm olubi emzimbeni ufihla iintlobo ezikhethekileyo zeeprotheyini ezibizwa ngokuba ngabaqhubi. Isisu ngasinye sineseli ekhethekileyo, eyenza sikwazi ukwahlula kwezinye iintlobo zesifo somhlaza kwaye senze ukuxilongwa kwexesha lokuqala.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba uhlalutyo olubanzi lwabahlawuli banzi luquka iintlobo ezininzi zeeprotheni:
- CA 19-9;
- B-2-MG;
- REA;
- AFP;
- CA 72-4;
- HCG;
- CA 125;
- PSA;
- NCE;
- CA 15-3;
- UBC;
- cPCA.
Ngamanye ala maqela afanelekile ukuchonga iintlobo ezithile zendawo kunye nesimo se-tumor. Ngoko ke, ugqirha onolwazi akalokothi atyumbe uphando lwabo bonke abaqhubekileyo. Ukuxilongwa, kukho okwaneleyo ukususela kwi-1 ukuya kwiindidi ezi-3 zeeprotheyini.
Ngethuba elifanayo, uhlalutyo olucetywayo, kunye neenzuzo, linemibalala:
- Kukho izifo ezimbalwa ezingahambelani ne-oncology, ekhupha ngaphezu kwexabiso eliqhelekileyo labathengi.
- Ukungabikho kwamaprotheni egazini akubonakali ukuba akukho sikhohlela emzimbeni.
- Iziphumo zesifundo zixhomeke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwesibindi kunye neentso.
- Abaveleli baxela kuphela uhlobo oluthile lwezicubu, kungekhona ilungu. Ngako oko, isalathisi esifanayo sinokubambisana neengxaki zokuhamba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.
- Kubalulekile ukuba uhlolisise ukuxinwa kweeprotheni kwibhubhoratri efanayo, mhlawumbi kwizinto ezifanayo.
Ukujonga ngale miba ingentla, olu pho nonongo luncediswa ezinye iindlela zokuxilonga - i-radiography, i-MRI, i-ultrasound.
Ungadlulisa njani uhlalutyo kubanini bamatye?
Njengomthetho, igazi eliyingcingo liyadingeka ukuhlaziywa. Kuthatyathwa kwisisu esingenanto, kungekudala kwiiyure eziyi-8 emva kokutya.
Maxa wambi ama-onocomarkers ahlola umchamo. Umlambo uphinde unikele ekuseni, ngaphambi kokutya kwasekuseni.
Imilinganiselo yokuhlaziywa kwegazi ngokuphambene neengxowankulu eziphambili
Ngaphandle komntu onempilo, iiprotheni zeemveliso zolu hlobo zichazwe zikhoyo emzimbeni. Ngako oko, nganye nganye imilinganiselo yemida isetyenziswe:
- CA 19-9 - akukho ngaphaya kwama-30 IU / ml;
- REA - ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-5 ng / ml;
- I-CA 242 - ingengaphezulu kwe-30 IU / ml;
- AFP - ukuya kwi-5 IU / ml;
- I-CA 72-4 - engekho ngaphezu kwe-4 IU / ml;
- I-HCG - ayidluli 5 IU / l;
- I-CA 125 - 0 ukuya ku-30 IU / ml;
- I-PSA - 0 ukuya kwi-4 IU / ml;
- B-2-MG - ukususela ngo-660 ukuya ku-2740 ng / ml;
- I-NCE - 0 ukuya kwi-15 ng / ml;
- CA 15-3 - 0 ukuya ku-22 IU / ml;
- UBC - ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-15 ng / ml.
I-CSA, uhlalutyo luyimfuneko kuphela ukuba izinga le-PSA lidlula 4 IU / ml. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ipesenti yeCSA kwi-PSA ibalwa.
Ukuchazwa kweziphumo zokuhlalutya kwiinkampani ezicatshangelwayo
Njengoko sele kukhankanywe, uhlobo ngalunye lweprotheni luhambelana neentlobo ezithile zeesisu:
- I-PSA kunye ne-cpsA - umdlavuza wesihenyuka;
- I-CA 19-9 - umdlavuza we-pancreatic ;
- I-CEA - umdlavuza wesisu, imiphunga, i-rectum, i-colon. Kwakhona kubonisa izicubu ze-lacteal, thyroid, i-pancreas, i-ovaries;
- I-CA 242 - umhlaza wesigxina kunye nomathumbu omkhulu, i-pancreas;
- I-AFP - umdlavuza wesibindi;
- I-CA 72-4 - umdlavuza wesisu, i-ovary;
- Umhlaza we-HCG-ovarian, isifo se-trophoblastic, umdlavuza we-testicular, i-choctic chorion carcinoma;
- I-CA 125 - umdlavuza we-ovari;
- I-B-2-MG - i-cell-lymphocytic leukemia, i-lymphoma, i-myeloma yam ;
- Umdlavuza we-NSE yemiphunga, i-thyroid, i-pancreas, i-neuroblastoma, ipheochromocytoma;
- I-CA 15-3 - umdlavuza webele, inyosi yesibindi;
- UBC ngumhlaza wesisu.