Ukubunjwa kwesiqhamo seidiliya, mhlawumbi, ngenye yeengxaki eziphambili umlimi onokuqala ojongene nendlela yakhe yokulima . Kwaye akusoloko kunqongophala kolwazi - lo mbandela uhlanganiswe ngokubanzi kwiincwadi ezizodwa, kodwa ngokubhekiselele kwiinkampani zoshishino, le ngcaciso ayisebenzisi ngokusebenzayo.
Ukucwenga nokubunjwa kwamagilebhisi kubalulekile iinkqubo ezinokumisela ukuzinza, ukuveliswa kwesiqhamo, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi, ngelixa kuqinisekiswa isivuno esiphezulu, ngaphandle kokuba kusetyenziswe iindlela zokuchonga.
Yilungile njani ukudala isiqhamo seidiliya?
Ukuze kuqondwe iteknoloji yokwenza isiqhamo somdiliya, umntu kufuneka acinge ngesakhiwo sayo. Ngoko, isiqithi seidiya sinalo:
- indawo ephantsi komhlaba;
- Isiqhamo esingasentla-ngqo-iteksi yehlathi;
- "INtloko" - apho iimikhono zemizi, oko kukuthi, amasebe asisigxina;
- Imivini emininzi yeminyaka, apho amahlumela amancinane atholakala rhoqo.
Ukuqhubela phambili kule ndlela, zonke iindlela zokwenza iidiliya zihlukaniswa zibe ngamaqela amakhulu amabini:
- ukunqumla - kusetyenziswe kule mimandla apho kungekho mfuneko yokugcina izidiliya ebusika;
- Ukubunjwa kwezinto ezingenakubumba kwaye zilungele ukukhusela.
Iintlobo zokubunjwa ezingenakubumba:
- Ukwakhiwa kwefestile kwinqaba leidiliya . Efanelwe ukuba isihlathi sishiywe ngemikhono yonke-2 kwicala ngalinye. Kwaye sele sele ikhona kwixesha elizayo yenziwa iifruiting shoots - imivini, iimbhokhwe, ii-arcs. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba udidi lwe-multicoupler fan, olususwe iminyaka emininzi.
- Ukwakhiwa kwe-Cordon kwintlambo yinto eyahlukileyo yile ndlela phambi kohlobo olulodwa (i-cordon eyodwa) okanye i-hoses ezimbili (i-cordon emibini-cidedon). Le ndlela yokwenza isiqithi ibaluleke kakhulu kwiintlobo eziphakamileyo ezikhulayo, i-fruiting ratio yamehlo aphantsi kunye namahlumela apho iphakamileyo ngokwaneleyo.
- Ukwakhiwa kweNdebe- kusetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukutyala okunzima. Le fom iboniswa ngokuthe ngcembe, njengoko kwimeko yokwenza umtshini. Uhlobo oluphambili kukuba imikhono kwi-stem ayikho enye kodwa kwiindiza ezahlukileyo, ngenxa yoko bathabatha ifom yefom. Kwinkqubo yokukhula, zonke iziqhamo zinezidiliya ziboshwe kwaye ziboshwe kwi-cola, eqhutshwa phambili phakathi kwesitya.
Ukwenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwemivini
Ekubeni iintlobo zamagilebhisi zibonakaliswa ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza nangokukhawuleza, kuyaqondakala ukuba kusetyenziswe ukubunjwa nokukhawulela ukuvuselela ukuveliswa kwesityalo esitsha. Ngenxa yoko kuyimfuneko ukugcina ezi zilandelayo:
- banakekele ukukhula kwezityalo ezinamandla . Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukutyala indawo engasigxina kungekudala xa ifikelela kwiminyaka emi-2;
- ukubonelela ngeendlela zokulima eziphezulu;
- inani lehlumela kwisihlahla ngasinye esandityalwe esitsha esilinganisiweyo kufuneka silingane nenani lezinto ezicwangcisiweyo, amahlumela asalayo anqunyulwa;
- ekuqaleni kwehlobo kudingekile ukuxoshelwa amahlumela akhethiweyo, ukusika ukuze kuthi nganye nganye ibe namaqabunga ama-5-7,
kuxhomekeke kubude be-internodes; - unqunyulwe amahlumela esicatshuweyo kwisithuba esifanelekileyo;
- Njengoko abazali abathandayo bevela, banqunyulwa, beshiya kuphela ezimbini ezinamandla.
Ukuze ufumane amahlumela anamandla kakhulu ngokubunjwa ngokukhawuleza kwinqaba, kufuneka uzinake ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokucoca rhoqo kwezityalo kunye nezichumisi zamaminerali. Ukuba ulandela ngokucokisekileyo isicatshulwa ngasentla, unokufutshane ngokukhawuleza ixesha lokutshala iidiliya ukuya ekuqaleni kwefruiting kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ufumane isivuno esiphezulu kunye nekhwalithi ephezulu.