Sonke siye sabona ngokuphindaphindiweyo iifom. Izizathu zolu hlobo zinokuba luninzi - ukusuka kwimiphumo yomoya omile ukuya kubakho izifo ezinzulu zezitho zangaphakathi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, impumpo iphuma ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwee-capillaries ezifaka i-membrane.
Kutheni iimpumlo ziphuma?
Phakathi kwezinto eziphambili ezikhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi, ukwahlula:
- i-pathologies pathologies (umz., umkhuhlane);
- izifo ezenzekayo kunye nokuphulwa kwegazi coagulability (kwiingxaki zesibindi, ipeni);
- i-esophageal, i-pulmonary, i-intracranial hemorrhages;
- i-pathology, ihamba kunye neentambo zeendonga zeemivenge zegazi (nge-avitaminosis kunye ne- arteriosclerosis yemithambo yegazi );
- Igazi elisuka ekhaleni, utywala kunye nesicupunu sinokubonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luboniswe ngophupha lwegazi;
- iingxaki zeentliziyo kunye neengxaki zeengtso;
- Ubukho beemathumba kwisigxina samanzi (i-papilloma, i-polyp, umhlaza) kwakhona kuphazamisa ukuphuma kwegazi;
- ukungaphumeleli kwe-hormone (ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukuyeka umva);
- Kubantwana, amaxesha amaninzi igazi lihamba kunye nokuthabatha impumlo kunye nomonakalo kwizinto ezivela ngaphandle.
Igazi ukusuka ekhaleni - uncedo lokuqala
Ukumisa igazi kwimpumlo isenzo esibalulekileyo kukuqhuba ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kwesibhedlele. Ukumisa ukuphuma kwamanzi kuyimfuneko ukwenza oku kulandelayo:
- Hlala uphinde ugqithise intloko yakho phambili, hlala kule ndawo imizuzu embalwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezinjalo izenzo zinceda ukuhlangabezana nokuphuma kwegazi.
- Yima ngokukhawuleza igazi eliphuma ekhaleni linokuthi ligcinwe kumagqabha asemanzini afakwe kwiinqununu ze-hydrogen peroxide zeboya zekoton okanye nje ukubamba amaphiko empumlo ngemizuzu emibini.
- Kubalulekile ukuba isiguli sihlele uxolo olupheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba akayi kulubazisa intloko ukuze aphephe ukuphuma kwegazi kwi-nasopharynx. Ukuba kwenzeka, kufuneka ukhawule ngokukhawuleza.
- Akuvumelekile ukuba uphuphe impumlo yakho, njengoko oku kunciphisa ukwakheka kwe-clot, nto leyo inokuyeka ukuvala iinqanawa ezilimele.
- Ukuba igazi aliyeki kwimpumlo malunga nemizuzu elishumi elinesihlanu, kufuneka i-ambulensi ibizwe.
Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba isiguli silele emhlane wakhe, kwaye ikhanda lakhe lajika lajika. I-compress ye-cold compress isetyenziswe ekhaleni kunye neqhwa. Ukuba kukho ukuhamba okufutshane kwegazi, ungazama ukuwuyeka, ubambe impumlo yakho kwithuba elithile.
Igazi kwiiphempo zonyango
Isigulane sinikwa kubanda kwaye sicinezela amaphiko empumlo kwi-septum. Ukuba igazi liqala ukuqhuma kwakhona, indawo echaphazelekayo yempumlo yatshiswa nge-chromic acid okanye i-lapis, kwaye iphathwa nge-aminocaproic acid (5%).
Ukuba isikhungo sokuphuma kwamanzi sisendaweni yangasemva okanye esiphakathi sempumlo, i-tamponade yangaphandle yempumlo yenziwa. Le nkqubo ilandelayo:
- Nge-anesthesia, i-mucosa iphathwa ngokusisombululo se-dicaine (2%).
- I-tampon ye-gauze, malunga ne-70 cm ubude, ixutywe ngeoli ye-vaseline.
- Ijoyiwe kwinqanaba lomnxeba.
- Susa itampu emva kweentsuku ezimbini okanye ezimbini.
I-tamponade yangasemva iyenziwa xa ukuphuma kwegazi kubonwa ngasemva kwempumlo:
- Okokuqala, i-catheter ye-raber ifakwe kwimpumlo kunye nasemlonyeni.
- Emva koko, qhawula umtya kwi-tube kwi-tampon uze uyibuyise.
- Yenza itamponade yangaphakathi.
Shiya iitamponi zingapheli iintsuku ezimbini, njengoko ukuhlala kwabo ixesha elide kwandisa ingozi yokusuleleka kwindlebe ephakathi.
Ukuphucula i-blood clotting, isigulane sisinwe nge-calcium kunye ne-sodium etamzilate, i-vitamin C, i-aminocaproic acid, i-intramuscularly, i-vikasol. Kwiimeko ezinzima, igazi, i-plasma kunye ne-platelet transfusion zenziwa kwaye i-carotid ligation yenziwa.