I-thyroid gland iyinxalenye yesimo se-endocrine. Itholakala entanyeni kwaye idibanisa ii-hormone ezibalulekileyo zokugcina i-homeostasis yomzimba kwindawo efanelekileyo. Izibonakaliso zesifo se-thyroid kumaxesha amaninzi kunzima ukuzimisela, kuba izifo zihlala zingekho ukusilela kwe-hormonal, ezichaphazela kakubi ukusebenza komzimba wonke.
Izibonakaliso neempawu zesifo se-thyroid kubasetyhini-i-goiter kunye namaqhina
I-goiter yisifo apho kukho ukwanda kwenzeni ye-thyroid. Oku kudla ngokuba ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-iodine. Ngokuqhelekileyo le meko iyaqhubeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwaye ngexesha lokukhulelwa - ngeli xesha ukuba umzimba ungenakunzima kule nxalenye. Ingubo ye-thyroid igxuma ngokuvakalayo ukuhlawulela ukungabikho kwe-iodine.
Ukuba umzimba awukwazi ukuphelisa ukunqongophala kokutshatyalaliswa kwamanzi okanye okubandayo. Ukongezelela, le meko isongela inkunkuma yokungasebenzi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo iimpawu zesifo ziyabonwa kuphela. Ukuba i-goiter igxila kwisayizi enkulu, ingabangela iingxaki zokuphefumula, njengoko iya kubeka uxinzelelo kwi-trachea. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi ngexesha loqeqesho. Ukongezelela, kukho iingxaki ngokugwinya nokunyaniseka. Okukugqibela kubangelwa iimbindi eziphindaphindiweyo ezifumaneka kwi-larynx.
Iimpawu zesifo se-thyroid kubasetyhini - i-adenoma
I-Adenoma shchitovidki iyisisu esibi. Ngefomu, ifana ne-oval okanye iqhosha elijikelezayo. I capsule ichazwe ngokucacileyo. Esi sifo sikhula ngokukhawuleza. Kuyenzeka kubantu baluphi na ubudala. Uninzi lwamaxesha amaninzi, abameli beqingatha ezibuthathaka.
Ukuba inkqubo yokukhula ngesizathu esithile ikhawuleza - kunokubakho iingxaki ngenxa yokucima iindawo ezikufutshane. Kukho ubungcipheko bokuba ngumhlaza.
Esi sifo siqhelekileyo kubasetyhini emva kweminyaka engama-40. Nangona i-adenoma ayifuni kwezinye iindawo, isabonwa njengesifo esiyingozi.
Ukugula kukuchaphazela i-thyroid gland ukwenzela ukuba i-hormone enkulu kakhulu iqale ukukhutshwa ngaphandle kokuqhelekileyo. Oku kunciphisa umsebenzi we-pituitary gland, kunciphisa umveliso we-thyrotropin. Ukongeza, ezinye izicubu ezinxulumene nalo lungu zinciphisa umkhiqizo.
Iimpawu eziphambili zi:
- ukuhluleka kwehomoni ;
- ukubonakala kweengxaki emzimbeni ongazange zibonwe ngaphambili;
- intlungu entanyeni;
- ukuphefumula okungathandekiyo (ekuqaleni kwesigaba).
Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo se-thyroid kubasetyhini abonakala kwi-cyst?
I-cyst ye-thyroid iyisisu esinobunzima besayizi encinci ene-colloidal filling. Ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngokufumana ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye neyeza elifanelekileyo, unokunyanga ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Ngokuqhelekileyo eso sifo siphuthuma ngaphandle kweempawu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kufunyanwa xa kuhlolwa inkqubo ye-endocrine kwezinye izifo. Iimpawu zokuqala zibonakala kuphela xa ukubunjwa kube mkhulu-kunokufikelela kuma-centimitha amathathu ububanzi baze bavele babonakale bebonakala. Njengoko ukhula lukhula, luqala ukuphazamiseka, okufuneka luhlawulwe ngonyango olukhawulezayo. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, iteknoloji egcinayo isetyenziswa. Maxa wambi i-cyst ngokwayo isombulula. Kukho imiqondiso emininzi yembonakalo yesi sifo:
- Ukutshutshiswa emqaleni;
- Izwi eliqhelekileyo nelingavamile;
- intlungu emqaleni nangentloko, engenayo enye ingcaciso;
- ukuphosa ;
- utshintsho lweentambo zentanyeni;
- ngamanye amaxesha i-lymph nodes ekhulisiweyo.
Iimpawu zesifo se-thyroid kubasetyhini - umhlaza
I-Cancer ye-thyroid gland iyisisu esibi. Isizathu esona siyinzala.
Akukho zibonakaliso ezithile ezibonisa lesi sifo.
- Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwe-tumor kunye nokuhamba kwayo;
- ukuthoba;
- i-lymph glands.
Enye into ecacileyo, kodwa isibonakaliso esinokwenzeka sesifo se-thyroid kubhinqa ngumkhuhlane. Kukho umvakalelo wesifo somqala nokuphefumula. Ukunyango okukhawulezayo kumaziko okuqala kukuqinisekisa ukuba kukhulu ukuhlaziywa.