Ukujonga njani umbono?

Umbono ngowona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwiintliziyo, ngoncedo apho umntu efumana ininzi yolwazi malunga nehlabathi elijikelezile, kodwa, ngokufanelekileyo, iliso linomthwalo onzima kakhulu, ngakumbi kwihlabathi lekhompyutheni kunye nekhompyutheni yekhompyutha.

Izindlela zokuhlolwa kwamehlo

Kwilizwe le-CIS, indlela eqhelekileyo yokujonga amehlo yithebula leGolovin-Sivtsev. Itafile enjalo inamalungu amabini, enye yenye iileta ezinciphisa ezantsi, kunye nesandi lesibini ngokuphuka kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo. Bobabini kunye nenye inxalenye yetafile iqulethe imigca e-12, apho iindandatho kunye neendwendwe zinciphisa ngobukhulu ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu. Ezi tafile zifumaneka kwiofisi nayiphi na i-oculist, kwakunye nexesha eliqhelekileyo kwi-optics.

Umbono oqhelekileyo uqwalaselwa, apho umntu ehlula ngokucacileyo umda weshumi ukusuka kumgama weemitha ezi-5, okanye, ngokulandelanayo, ngowokuqala ukusuka kumgama weemitha ezingama-50. Itafile ziphawulwe kwindlela yokugqibela, apho omnye umgca olandelayo uhambelana nokuphucula kumbono ngo-0.1.

Ngokuncipha kwento ebonakalayo, ichongwa ngumgca wetafile isigulane esibonayo, okanye, ukuba ingaphantsi kwe-0.1 (kungekhona ukukwazi ukwahlula umgca wokuqala wetafile ukusuka kwiimitha ezi-5) usebenzisa i-formula ye-Snellen:

VIS = d / D

Uphi umgama apho i-examiner iyakwazi ukwahlula umqolo wokuqala wetafile, iD ibona umgama apho ubonakala khona kwisigulane ngokuqhelekileyo okubonakalayo (50 m).

Ngendlela eyiyo ukujonga umboniso?

1. Ukujonga umboniso ulandela kwimeko yesiqhelo yempilo, xa amehlo engaphelelwanga. Ukuthatha unyango, izifo kunye nokukhathala ngokubanzi kunokuchaphazela umphumo wovavanyo.
2. Xa uqhuba uvavanyo lweemboniselo, itafile kufuneka ifakwe kakuhle.
3. Iliso ngalinye kufuneka lihlolwe ngokwahlukileyo, ukuvala ngesandla sesibini. Ukuvala iso lesibini akuyimfuneko, kunokuchaphazela iziphumo.
4. Xa uqhuba uvavanyo, kufuneka ukhangele phambili, ungagxilisi intloko okanye u-squint.

Ukuhlola amehlo kwindlu

Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukunquma ukuba amehlo akho abhekene noxinzelelo olunzulu kwaye nokuba kukho ingozi yokulahleka kombono. Ziphendule wena ewe okanye cha kwi mibuzo elandelayo:

1. Ngaba uzive ukhathele ngokuphela kosuku?
2. Ngaba unesivakalelo "sesanti" okanye ukutshisa kwamehlo akho, kungabangelwa yingozi yokungcola?
3. Ngaba amehlo athambisa?
4. Ngaba kubomvu kubonakala emehlweni?
5. Ngaba ufumanisa nzima ukugxila amehlo akho?
6. Ngaba kukho ukuvakalelwa kombono ogqamile kunye nombono?
7. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umfanekiso ofutshane uqala ukuphindwa kabini?
8. Ngaba unobandezeleka kwiindawo zexesha?

Ukuba uphendule ngowebo, kwimibandela emithathu okanye ngaphezulu, ngoko amehlo agxininiswe kwaye ubuchule bokukhubazeka okubonakalayo buphezulu kakhulu.

Ukuze uhlole umboniso kwikhompyutheni, vula ifayili ye-vordian uze uthayiphe iileta ezincinci kwi-order order, u-Arial usayizi wefonti 22. Beka isilinganisi sekhasi ukuya kwi-100%. Ngombono oqhelekileyo, umntu kufuneka achaze ngokucacileyo iileta ezikude kumitha engama-5. Ukuba oku akusebenzi, kufuneka ufike kufuphi, kwaye uwandise umgama obangelwa ngu-0.2. Ukufumana umphumo ochanekileyo, ukuba imbono yayilungile, kwaye ingekho kwinqanaba, ungaphrinta ithebula eliphumo kwaye ulixhome eludongeni. Kwakhona ukujonga umbono wendlu, ungasebenzisa nayiphi na incwadi, ngobunobumba obunokuba ngu-2 mm. Xa ubugcisa obubonakalayo beeyunithi ezihambelanayo, itekisi kufuneka ihluke ngokucacileyo kumgama we-33-35 cm ukusuka kwamehlo.

Ukuqwalasela i-binocularity yombono ngamasentimitha ambalwa ukusuka ekhaleni, ukubeka ipensela, okanye enye into. Ukuba umbono we-binocular uqhelekileyo, ke zonke iileta ezibhalwe kumgama we-30 cm ziza kuba zibalaseleyo, nangona kunqanda.

Ukuba ukuhlolisisa ekhaya kukubonisile ukuba kuncipha kwi-acuity ebonakalayo, kufuneka ubone i-oculist ukwenzela ukuxilongwa nokuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo.