I-stenosis ye-mitral valve yisifo senhliziyo, apho i-aserioventricular sprasion ishicilelwe. Le ntsholongwane ibhekisela kwezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo zesifo senhliziyo. Esi sifo sikhokelela ekuphazamiseni ukuhamba kwegazi ye-diastolic, esondliwa ukusuka kwi-atrium ekhohlo ukuya kwi-ventricle ekhohlo. I-Pathology ingaba kwifom ehlukeneyo, kwaye kuphela kwindawo ekhethiweyo, kodwa kukho neemeko zomonakalo kwezinye iigraves.
Ngokwezibalo, ezininzi iimeko zesimo se-mitral valve zivela kubafazi. Kubantu abayi-100,000, kwenzeka kubantu abangama-80.
Iimpawu zibonakaliswe ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-50 kwaye zinekhondo elifutshane. Ubunzima bokubeletha obunqatshelwe
Izizathu kunye ne-etiology ye-stenosis ye-mitral orifice
Phakathi kwezimbangela eziyinhloko ze-stenosis ye-mitral valve zimbini:
- Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimeko ezivuthayo ziye zadlulela kwi- rheumatism - i-80% yamatyala esi sifo kubangelwa ukukhubazeka kweentliziyo.
- Kwezinye iimeko, kwaye oku kungama-20%, imbangela isifo esitshintshiselweyo (phakathi kwabo kukulimala kwentliziyo, i-endocarditis echaphazelekayo kunye nabanye).
Esi sifo sakhiwa esincinane, kwaye siqulethwe ukuphulwa komsebenzi we-valve, ekhoyo phakathi kwe-ventricle kunye ne-atrium. Ukuqonda ukuba sisiphi isifo sesi sifo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba le valve ivule kwi-diastole, kwaye kunye nayo igazi elijikelezayo le-atrium elisekhohlo lijoliswe kwi-ventricle ekhohlo. I-mitral valve inamagatya amabini, kwaye xa kukho i-stenosis, ezi zivalo zikhupha, kunye nomngxuma apho igazi lihamba khona, lincinci.
Ngenxa yoko, uxinzelelo kwi-atrium ekhohlo landa - igazi ukusuka kwi-atrium yekhohlo ayinaso ixesha lokupompoza.
I-Hemodynamics ene-mitral stenosis
Xa uxinzelelo kwi-atrium ekhohlo landa, ngokufanelekileyo, landa kwi-atrium elungileyo, kwaye kwimiba ye-pulmonary, kwaye, ekufumaneni umgangatho wehlabathi jikelele, kwisigxina se-circulation blood. Ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, i-myocardium ye-hypertrophies ye-atrium ekhohlo. I-atrium ngenxa yale nto isebenza kwimoya eqinisiweyo, kwaye inkqubo iya kudluliselwa kwi-atrium efanelekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, uxinzelelo luphuma emiphakeni nasemiphaketheni yamapulmonary.
Iimpawu ze-mitral stenosis
Izibonakaliso nge-stenosis ye-mitral valve kuqala zibonakalise ngokwawo ngendlela yokuphefumula okufutshane ngenxa yokubandakanyeka kwemiphunga kule nkqubo, koko kukho:
- ukuhlaselwa kwesifo se-asthma ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-gas exchange;
- ukukhwehlela, okungaba ne-mucus okanye i-phlegm;
- ukhathala okwenyukayo;
- "Iintliziyo zentliziyo" - ikhupha entliziyweni kwindawo esifubeni - ivela ngenxa ye-hypertrophy ye-ventricle efanelekileyo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-mitral stenosis
I-stralosis ye-Mitral ifunyanwa ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-kwenzelwa ukucacisa ukwanda kwamagumbi entliziyo kunye nokuzimisela imeko yeempahla.
- I-Electrocardiogram - inceda ukufumanisa i-hypertrophy ye-ventricle efanelekileyo kwaye ishiye i-atrium, kunye nokuchonga uhlobo lweengcamango zentliziyo.
- I-phonocardiogram iyimfuneko ekunqumeni ukuphakama kwamathambo.
- I-Echocardiogram - inquma ukuhamba kweentsimbi ze-mitral valve, izinga lokuvalwa kwe-valve ye-mitral kunye nobukhulu bomda we-atrium ekhohlo.
Unyango lwe-mitral stenosis
Unyango lwe-stenosis ye-mitral valve ayilona ecacileyo, kwaye ijoliswe ekugcinweni ngokubanzi kwenhliziyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwegazi, kwakunye nokumiselwa kwegazi ngokujikeleza.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba kukho ukungabikho kwemisipha, i-ACE inhibitors, i-glycosides ye-cardiac, i-diuretics, amayeza aphucula ukulinganisela kweryuwa yamanzi asetyenziswa.
Ukuba kukho iinkqubo zengqungquthela, ke bayeka ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antirheumatic.
Xa unyango alufaki iziphumo ezifunwayo, kwaye kukho isongelo ebomini, ngoko utyando luboniswa - i-mitral commissurotomy.