Umbala obomvu wegazi uchazwa ngumxholo we-pigment kwi-erythrocytes, equkethe isinyithi kunye neprotheni, i-hemoglobin. Eli qela lenza enye yemisebenzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni: ukudluliselwa kwama-molecule e-oxygen. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukunyamekela ingqalelo ekunciphiseni i-hemoglobin - iimpawu zeso simo zingaba ngumqondiso wokuqala weengxaki ezinzulu ezizayo kunye nokuphuhlisa izifo.
Ziziphi iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-hemoglobin ephantsi kwigazi ebonakala kuqala?
Kwimigangatho yokuqala yokukhubazeka, ukubonakaliswa kwekliniki kungabikho ngenxa yokuhlawulwa komzimba, okanye isigulane asiqapheli nje. Uphuhliso olungakumbi lwe-anemia lubonakaliswe ngolu hlobo:
- ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza, ubuthathaka emva kokukhathazeka ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo;
- i-blanching yesikhumba, kubandakanywa iimbumba ze-mucous;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala, kubonakaliswe njengokulala nokulala;
- kunciphisa ingqwalasela, ukuxinwa kunye nokukhumbula umthamo;
- ukungcola;
- ukubonakala kwe- dyspnea , nangona ukunyuka kwezitepsi;
- intliziyo, i-tachycardia;
- ukutyumba kwiimisipha zephantsi (amathole, iinyawo), ngakumbi ebusuku.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iimpawu eziphambili ze-hemoglobin kubasetyhini zibonakala ngaphambili kunabantu. Oku kubangelwa ukuba ukuxinwa kwe-pigment egazini kwi-sex in a fairly range: 130-147 g / l (kwisiqingatha esinamandla sabantu - 130-160 g / l).
Ukubonakaliswa kongeza kweekliniki kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokuphazamiseka kwegazi.
Ziziphi iimpawu ukuba i-hemoglobin iyancitshiswa?
Ukuba isifo sidibene ne-vitamin B12 ye-vitamin B, iimpawu ezilandelayo ziyabonwa:
- ukungonakaliswa kwengqondo yokuthintela, ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo;
- umsebenzi ongaqhelekanga wengqondo, kubandakanya ukuvela kweengxoxo;
- ukuphulwa komsebenzi kunye nokulungelelaniswa;
- iimvakalelo zokukhahlela "i-goosebumps", ukuxoka kwamanga (paresthesia);
- ukucotha, ukunyanzelisa ukuhamba kwemilenze.
Ukunqongophala kwe-iron anemia ineempawu ezilandelayo:
- utshintshe imbobo yezipikili emilenzeni nasezandleni (ingqiqo);
- iinkqubo ezivuthayo kwiimbrane ezinamaqabunga, rhoqo emlonyeni;
- okukhethwa kwintlobo yengxaki (iphepha, iqhwa, iinwele, umhlaba);
- Isifo Sengxaki;
- ukulibala;
- ukungonakaliswa kokutya;
- ukunciphisa ukuphendula okukhuselekileyo kokukhuseleka.
Ukunciphisa i-hemoglobin ephezulu ye-hemolytic:
- kutshintsha umbala we-urine ube obomvu okanye obomvu;
- intlungu yesisu;
- icterus yolusu;
- hematomas ezingaphantsi.
Uhlobo lwesifo se-Sickle-anemia:
- sulelo rhoqo;
- intlungu ebuhlungu kwiimisipha kunye nesisu esiswini;
- ukuxinana okuqhubekayo emilenzeni;
- ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni.
Iimpawu zokunciphisa i-hemoglobin egazini ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa kwethotho:
- isicefe
- ukubandezeleka kwi-epigastrium;
- umgca obomvu obonakalayo obumnyama phezu komhlaba.
I-anemia engapheliyo ibonakaliswe ziimpawu ezilandelayo:
- izilonda ezingapheliyo ukuphilisa kwesikhumba semilenze;
- umbala ophuzi wesikhumba, kunye neendawo ezinamaqabunga kunye neeprotheni zamehlo;
- iimpawu ze-cholelithiasis;
- ukucofa umchamo kumbala omnyama, ngokuqhelekileyo - obomvu obomvu nomdaka.
Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-pathology, kukho iimvavanyo zebhoratri:
- vavanyo lwegazi jikelele ;
- Irrigoscopy;
- ukuzimisela kwendlela yokubopha insimbi ye-serum;
- uxinzelelo lweprotheni kunye nentsimbi egazini;
- iikhompyutheni okanye i-imagination magontic resonance kunye nokusetyenziswa okugunyazisiweyo kohlobo oluphambeneyo;
- ukuqokelela ulwazi (ukusuka kwiprogram);
- uviwo lwe-gynecologist;
- fibrogastroscopy;
- I-ultrasound yeenxalenye zeplavic;
- ukubonisana kwegqirha kunye nodokotela wegazi.