Isifo senqanaba - indlela yokuchonga isifo nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi?

Isifo se-Peak sibhekisela kwizifo ezingabonakaliyo ezichaphazela inkqubo ye-nervous central. Isizathu sokubonakala kwesi sifo asizange sifunde ngokugcwele, kwaye akukho mpendulo efunyenwe kuyo. Esi sifo sichaphazela abantu emva kweminyaka engama-60 kwaye siphuthuma ngokukhawuleza.

Iyintoni isifo sikaPick?

Isifo sikaPick sisifo esibonakala sisifo sengqondo esifanelekileyo. Isizathu sokuphuhliswa kwayo ngumonakalo kwiiseli ze-lobes zangaphambili kunye nexesha lexesha. I-cortex ye-cerebral iyinxalenye yengqondo eyancipha ngesifo sikaPick, umgca phakathi kwezinto ezimhlophe kunye negrey ingqondo. Isigulane siqala ukuhamba kakuhle kwisithuba, silahlekelwa izakhono ezikhoyo, asikwazi ukufumana ulwazi olutsha kunye nezakhono. Utshintsho lobuntu lukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuzithiba kunye nokwanda kwendima yeminqweno kunye nemvelo.

Iintsholongwane ze-peak kunye ne-Alzheimers

Izifo ze-Peak kunye ne-Alzheimer zifana neempawu, phakathi kwazo ziphi eziphambili ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo. Isifo esahlukileyo nguNiemann Pick, enegama elifanayo, kodwa uphawu oluhluke ngokupheleleyo nekhosi. Ukwahlula phakathi kwesifo se-Alzheimer kunye nesifo sikaPick, kubalulekile ukunyamekela ezi zinto:

1. Ubudala. Isifo se-Peak singabonakalisa kubantu emva kweminyaka engama-50, kwaye isifo se-Alzheimer siqhelekile kubantu abadala-iminyaka engama-60-70.
2. Buchule. Kwi-Alzheimer's disease, ingqalelo, imemori nokucinga ziqala kuqala, kwaye kwisifo sikaPick, iingxaki zekhono lokuqonda zibonakala emva kwexesha.
3. Ubuntu. Kwi-Alzheimer's disease, ubuntu bomntu buqhubeka ixesha elide, kwaye kwimeko yesifo sikaPickk, utshintsho oluthile lobuntu kubonakala ngokukhawuleza. Isigulane esinokuxilongwa kwesifo sePickk, silandela izilwanyana zakhe, sinyamekela ukunyamekela kuye, siziphathe kakuhle.
4. Intetho. Izigulane zezifo zikaPikk zilahlekelwa ezinye zezigama, kodwa zigcina izakhono zokufunda nokubhala. Kwi-Alzheimer's disease, iingxaki zokuthetha zikhula ngokukhawuleza, kodwa izakhono zokufunda nokubhala zilahlekile.
5. Inkambo yesi sifo. Isifo se-Peak sibonakaliswa yinkqubo enobudlova, ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingakhokelela ekufeni iminyaka engama-6. Isifo se-Alzheimer sichazwa yinkqubo encinane. Ubomi emva kokuxilongwa ku-7-10.

Iimbangela zokugula kwengqondo

Izibonakaliso zezifo zikaPick zachazwa kwakhona ngo-1892, kodwa kwada kwangoku, ezi zimbangela eziqhelekileyo zesifo azizange zenziwe. Ukugula ngengqondo, ukugula komzimba kungadla ilifa, kodwa iimeko eziqhelekileyo ziqhelekileyo. Phakathi kwezi zizathu ezinokwenzeka zezifo, abaphandi bathi:

• ukuhlala umntu ixesha elide ngaphantsi kwefuthe leekhemikhali ezinobungozi, ukusebenzisa iziyobisi, utywala;
• i- anesthesia rhoqo okanye
• ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
• iimvumba;
• i-craniocebral trauma;
• sulelo;
• i-vitamin isweleko ebangelwa ukungabikho kwamavithamini B.

Isifo sikaPick - iimpawu kunye neempawu

Ukugula komzimba, iimpawu ezikhula kunye nokuphuhliswa kwesifo, zibonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza ekuqaleni kwesi sifo. Oogqirha babiza imiqondiso enjalo yokugula komntu omdala:

• kuzingca;
• landela izilwanyana kunye neminqweno yakho;
• ukuziphatha okungafaniyo;
• Ukunciphisa umsebenzi wokujonga umsebenzi;
• utshintsho kwintetho, ukuphindaphinda kwamagama oyithandayo;
• Umoya ogqithisileyo uthi: ukunyamezela okanye ukunganakwa ;
• ukungaqiniseki kwemizwa kunye neemvakalelo;
• amnesia , ingxaki yokukhathazeka;
• ukulahleka kwamandla okufunda;
• ukulahleka kwamandla okuthetha nabanye.

Izifo zesifo - izigaba

Isifo se-Peak, iimpawu kunye nezibonakaliso zazo zixhomekeke kwisigaba sesifo, siqala ngokukhathazeka komntu omncinci, kwaye siphela ngokufa kwesigulane. Kukho izigaba ezintathu zesifo:

1. Ukuphuhlisa ukunyaniseka. Isigulane siyeka ukunyamekela iminqweno kunye nomntu wabantu abakujikelezile. Isiko lendalo yakhe yonke. Iminqweno kunye neemfuno zakhe ziza kuqala, enoba ufuna ukuwanelisa ngokukhawuleza. Ngaloo ndlela, ukukwazi ukugxeka kunye nokuzithiba kunciphisa. Kukho ukungazinzi, ukunyamekela ukunyaniseka nokungaboni.
2. Ukuchithwa kwemisebenzi yengqiqo. Kukho iingxaki ngentetho: isigulane siphinda ibinzana ezifunwayo kunye namabali. Ukukhula kweengxaki ngentetho kubangela ukungakwazi ukuveza iingcamango zabo nokuqonda intetho yomnye umntu. Izakhono ezihlaziyo zokufunda, ukubhala, ukubala, ukunciphisa imemori kunye nokuqwalasela, ukukwazi ukwenza izenzo.
3. Ingqondo ejulile. Kukho ukuphazanyiswa kwithuba, ukukwazi ukuzisebenzela ngokwabo kulahlekile. Izigulane ziyeke ukuhamba kwaye zidinga ukunakekelwa rhoqo. Izifo kunye nokungafihli kwe-cerebral kukhokelela ekufeni kwesigulane.

Isifo sikaPick - ukuxilongwa

Isifo sePoak kwiinqanaba zokuqala zibonakalisa ngokuhambelana nezinye izifo zesicwangciso seengqondo kunye nesifo sengqondo. Ngaphambi kokunyanga ukugula komzimba, oogqirha bafunda u-anamnesis, bathethe udliwano lwezilwane zezigulane kwaye bahlolisise. Ukuxilongwa kwe "Pick isifo" i-neuropathologists ihlala ibeka kwisigaba sesibini sesi sifo, xa iimpawu zokuqala zongezelelwe ukuphulwa kweengcambu zengqondo. Ukuxilongwa ngokungafani kwesifo se-Alzheimer kunye nesifo sikaPick sisekelwe kwi-EEG, i-REG, i-transcranial ultrasound, i-Echo-EG kunye neendlela ze-tomography.

Ukuvavanya ukugula komntu

Ngesifo sikaPickk, sichaza ukukhubazeka komsebenzi weenkqubo zokuqonda. Abanye bayaqaphela ukuba isigulane senze imemori engathandekiyo, sinciphisa ingqalelo kunye nokucinga.

Ukuqinisekisa ukukrokreka kwe-dementia ephantsi kwaye uhlolisise izinga lezi nkqubo, isigulane sinokunikezelwa ngeemvavanyo ezimbini ezilula:

1. Umfanekiso wewashi. Umntu osekhulile ucela ukudweba i-watch. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imifanekiso kufuneka ifakwe kuwo onke amadijithi ewashi, kufuneka ibekwe kumgama ofanayo omnye komnye. Ephakathi kufuneka kubekho icwecwe ngemicibisholo eqhotyoshelweyo.
2. Amazwi. Umntu ucelwa ukubiza izityalo ezininzi kunye nezilwanyana njengoko kunokwenzeka ngomzuzu omnye, okanye ngamagama amaninzi kunokwenzeka kwileta ethile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu babiza amagama angama-15-22 ngamagama ezityalo okanye izilwanyana kunye namazwi angama-12-16 ngeleta nganye. Ukuba isiguli esichazwa ngamagama angaphantsi kwama-10, inemiphumo yokukhumbula.

Yintoni enokuyenza ngentsholongwane engokwempilo?

Isifo sikaPick, unyango olungakafumaneki, luya phambili kwaye luyabulala. Nangona isifo asikwazi ukuphiliswa, inkqubela yayo inganciphisa kwaye yenza ubomi bomntu ogulayo bukhulu ngakumbi. Izihlobo zomntu ogulayo ziza kufuna umonde omkhulu nokuqonda, kuba ukugula komzimba kwi-Pick isifo kubonakala ngokucacileyo.

Isigulane esinomdemokhrasi sidinga ukunakekelwa kweeyure ezingama-24 kunye nokulawulwa ngenxa yokunyanzelisa i-vagrancy kwaye zenze izenzo ezingafaniyo. Izihlobo ezinakekela isigulane kufuneka zijonge ukungena kwemithi enqunyiwe, zihambelane nayo yonke imiyalelo yonyango, ikhusele isigulane kwiimvakalelo kunye noxinzelelo, imisebenzi enomsindo, imeko zongquzulwano.

Ukugula ngengqondo - ogqirha ukuba afake isicelo?

Iimpawu zokuqala zezifo zikaPick ziqhuba izihlobo zesigulane ukuba zicinge ngokubonakala kwesifo sengqondo. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuxilongwa "kwe-dementia", unyango, ukuhlolwa kwezi gulane, ukutyunjwa kwamanyathelo okuxilonga kunye nokucaciswa kokuxilongwa kwenzululwazi kwenzelwa yintsholongwane yegazi, emva koko imisela inkqubo yeyeza unyango. Unyango olongezelelweyo lunokwenziwa ngumbini we-neurologist kunye neengqondo.

Isifo sikaPick - iingcebiso zekliniki

Isifo sePick sisoloko sidityaniswa nesifo sikaNiemann Pick. Ezi zifo zibini zinemibono ephawulekayo yempawu kwaye zifana kuphela namagama. Isifo se-Niemann Pick, esineenkcazo zekliniki ezahlukileyo kakhulu kwiinqununu zesifo sikaPick, asisebenzisi kwiintlungu zengqondo kwaye zifumaneka kubantwana. Ngokubhekiselele kwisifo sikaPick, kukho iziphakamiso zeklinikhi:

1. Unyango kufuneka ukhethe umphathiswa wengqondo, ngokusekelwe kwiingcebiso ze-neurologist.
2. Ukuququzelela imeko yesigulane, izazi zengqondo kunye ne-psychotherapists kufuneka zibandakanyeke kunyango.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kuyimfuneko, kuba inceda ukuphucula ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
4. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, imeko yomzimba yesigulane kufuneka ihlolwe ngokukhawuleza: ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle, ubuninzi beengxaki ezinokukhula.

Ukunyamezeka kwengqondo - unyango, iziyobisi

Isifo se-Peak sibhekisela kwizifo ezinobundlobongela ezingenakulungiswa. Kwizigaba zokuqala zesi sifo, isigulane siboniswa ngengqondo, ukutyelela ukuqeqeshwa kwengqondo, kunye nenkqubela yesifo - unyango lwezobugcisa, igumbi lokubona, ukulinganisa ubukho. Unyango lwe-dementia eninzi kunye namayeza uvumela ukunciphisa ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo, kodwa ayinayo nayiphi na impembelelo. Ulawulo lwenkqubo lubandakanya:

• IMemantine;
• anticholinesterase iziyobisi: iGalantamine, i-Choline alfoscerate, iDonepezil, iRivastigmine;
• i-nootropics: i-gamma-aminobutyric acid, i-Piracetam ne-Fonturacetam;
• i-antipsychotics xa ukuziphatha kakubi kubonakalisa: Chlorprotixen, Alimemazin.

Ungakuphephelela njani ukukhupha komqondo obuthathaka?

Amanyathelo okukhusela isifo sikaPick asizange siphuhliswe kuze kube yimhla, kuba akukho zizathu ezibalulekileyo ezibangelwa ukuphuhliswa kwesifo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukuthintela ukugula komntu osemthethweni kusekelwe kwimithetho eyaziwayo yendlela yokuphila enempilo:

• ukutya okunokulinganisela, okuzaliswe kuzo zonke iivithamini ezibalulekileyo kunye neemaminerali;
• ukusela utywala;
• umsebenzi owenziwe ngokulinganayo;
• Umthwalo wokulinganisela umqondo;
• ubukho bendilinga soqhagamshelwano;
• ubunzima obunzima bokuzimelela, indawo yokuzola kunye nenjongo.