I-proral valve i-patralgy, enokubakho ubuninzi beemeko ezifunyenwe ngokungaqhelekanga ngexesha lokuhamba kwe-ultrasound of heart. Ngokwezibalo, malunga ne-6% yabemi banenkinga enjalo, ngelixa iziganeko zabasetyhini ziphezulu. I-prolapse isoloko ixilongwa ekubuntwaneni nasekuncinane.
Yiyiphi i-prolapse ye-mitral valve yentliziyo?
Intliziyo - uhlobo lwepompo, isilonda esisisigxina, esilungiselelwe ukubonelela ngemithambo yegazi yomzimba wonke. Ukupompa kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi kwenzeka ngokugcina uxinzelelo oluthile entliziyweni (chambers). Izibonda (zikhona ezine zazo - ezimbini i-atria kunye nama-ventricle amabini) zihlukaniswe omnye nomnye ngeentsimbi ezihambayo - iigraves, ezongezelelekileyo, zilawula umgangatho wengcinezelo kwaye zibeka izikhokelo ezifunekayo ekuphumeni kwegazi.
I-valral mitral eyenziwe yi-tissue edibeneyo yenye yezinto ezixhamlileyo ezine-interstitial, ezidibanisa i-atrium ekhohlo kunye ne-left ventricle. Le valve i-bicuspid, kwaye iigufi zayo ziyaqhotyosheliswa eludongeni lwe-ventricle nge-thinon intambo - iingqungquthela ezisuka kwiimisipha zamaphepha. Zonke ezi zakhiwo ze-anatomical zisebenza kunye, kunye neengqungquthela kunye nezihlunu ezinamafutha ezinjenge "imithombo" yeengcango "zeengcango".
Ngokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kweso sixhobo ngexesha lokwaphulwa kwesifo senhliziyo, i-anterior (aortic) kunye neepaski zangasemva (zangaphakathi) zivaliwe eduze. Siyabulela kule nto, igazi elivela kwi-ventricle engasekhohlo ngaphantsi kwengcinezelo lingena kwi-aorta, ukusuka apho, elenziwe nge-oksijini, ithathwa kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngexesha lokuphumla kwentliziyo, xa umxube uphuhliswa kwaye uzaliswe ngegazi, i-valve mitral ivula, kwaye iigraves zayo zijoliswe kwisigxina se ventricle esisele.
I-prolapse ye-valve senhliziyo yindlela yokungafaneleki ukusebenza kwe-valvular, zibonakaliswe ngokuvalwa okungaqhelekanga kwee-valral valve ngethuba lexesha lokuqhawula, okwenza ukuba umthamo othile wegazi uphambuke kwi-ventricle ukuya kwi-atrium. Ukubuya okungaqhelekanga kwegazi kubizwa ngokuba yi- regurgitation . Xa ivalveshi ivaliwe kule meko, enye okanye zombini ieplani ziphelisa, i E. Zifakela kwigumbi elisekhohlo, elingazivumeli ukuba zivame ukuvala.
Ngaba i-proral valve isifo se-valvular?
Ukufunda malunga nokuxilongwa, izigulane ezininzi zinomdla kulo: ukutshabalalisa kuyisifo senhliziyo okanye cha? Enyanisweni, le ntsholongwane ingabangelwa kwizinto ezimbi, iimpazamo ekuphuhliseni isakhiwo somzimba, esinokuchaphazela kakubi ukusebenza kwentliziyo. Kule meko, ukuphambukiswa okucatshulwayo kudla ngokungabalulekanga ukuba akuchaphazeli umsebenzi wenhliziyo. Uninzi lweengcali zivuma ukuba i-proral incomplete ye-mitral ne-septum ayiyiyo nayiphi na ingozi, kodwa ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki ezinemvelaphi yayo kunokwenzeka.
Ngokuqhelekileyo i-mitral valve prolapse yimeko yokuzalwa, ehambelana nokuphazanyiswa kwisakhiwo se-fibers tissue fibers, ngenxa yoko iiplavines zikhawuleza kakhulu, kwaye ikhetho lide. Oku kubangelwa imfuza. Kukho neendlela zesibini zokukhubazeka ezibangelwa kwezinye izifo kunye neziganeko ezibuhlungu ezinokubangela ukuvuvukala okanye ukuphulwa kwegama:
- rheumatism ;
- intlungu yesifuba;
- isicic heart disease ;
- i-myocardial infarction, njl
Prolapse - yingozi kangakanani?
I-prolapse ye ntliziyo inokuthwala ingozi ukuba kukho ukubuyela okuphawulekayo kwegazi (i-regurgitation) kwi-atrium, ngenxa yokuba i-acrimptension ye-pulmary pulmonary venous, i-violation of rhythm, i-blood flow to the brain, njl.
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-valve mitral;
- endocarditis;
- ukugqithiswa kweqabunga levenge;
- izicwangciso, iziphazamiso zokuqhuba;
- ukubetha.
I-Mitral valve prolapse-degree
Ukuvavanya ubunzima bokungasebenzi komzimba, kuyinto yesiko ukuhlukanisa i-pathology ibe ngamadidiyure athile, ngokusekelwe kukugqithiswa kweentsimbi kwiindawo zangasese zangasese kunye nomthamo wokuhamba kwegazi. Kule meko, i-proral valve ingahamba kunye nokuvuvukala kwisigxina se-atrial, posterior, okanye ezimbini valves. Ukulinganiswa kunokwenzeka kuphela ngeendlela zokujonga izixhobo.
I-Mitral valve ihamba nge-grade 1
Kule meko, ukuchithwa kwamaphecana kuku-3-6 mm. Ukugqithiswa kwe-1 st degree kuyinto ukuphambuka okulula, kwaye kunye nokuchithwa okuncinane, ukungaphumeleli okukhulu kwenkqubo ye-cardiovascular system ayifumaneki. Imbonakalo yezonyango kaninzi ayikho ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba i-valral valve ihamba phambili yebanga lesi-1 ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kubonakala ukuba enye i-swirl yegazi igxininisekanga, engathinteli ukujikeleza kwegazi.
I-Mitral valve ihamba ngee-2 degrees
I-prolapse efunyenwe yi-grade 2 ibonakaliswe ngokunyanzelisa "umnyango" we-valve, ufike kwi-9 mm. Ngenxa yokuphambuka okunjalo, umntu unokuthetha ngesifo esijikelezayo esinika isifo esingenamandla, kodwa sihamba neengozi yeengxaki. I-proral valve kunye ne-regurgation kulo mzekelo ibangela i-blood current current, ekwazi ukufikelela kwisiqingatha se-atrium.
I-Mitral valve igxotha ama-3 degrees
Uhlobo oluthile luyingcipheko yebakala lesi-3, ihamba kunye nokuhlukana kweepopu zokuvala i-valve ezithintekayo nge-9 mm okanye ngaphezulu. Izinguqu ezinzulu kwisakhiwo senhliziyo, apho i-arrivity cavity is dilate, iindonga ze-ventricle zinyuka. Ukusasaza kwegazi kukhulu kangangokuba kuthatha iindonga zangasemva zecala lomhlaba. Umfanekiso wekliniki ubizwa ngokucacileyo, iingxaki ziqhubeka ngaphandle kokonyango.
I-Valve prolapse - iimpawu
Njengoko iingcali ziphawula, ngokugqithiswa kwemigodi ye-mitral valve, izigulane zinokubonakala ngathi zinjengobunzulu obuphezulu, ukuqina, iingalo ezinde kunye nemilenze, isikhumba esincinci. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ukuhamba ngokugqithiseleyo kwamalungu, ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo. Ngesiphene esifanelekileyo, kwiimeko ezininzi, izigulana azikho izikhalazo. Xa ukuhlaziywa kufinyelela kwivolumu ephawulekayo, iimpawu ezihamba phambili zingenza oku kulandelayo:
- buthathaka;
- ukungcola;
- intlungu entloko;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- ukukhupha;
- ungakhathazeki entliziyweni;
- isicefe
- ukuthuthumela;
- ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo;
- i palpitation;
- umvo wokungahambi komoya;
- ukwanda kancinci kumbindi womzimba.
Ingaba intliziyo ibuhlungu nge mitral valve?
Ubuhlungu entliziyweni kunye ne-mitral valve prolapse ayikho imbopheleleko, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ibone uphawu, ngokukodwa kwi-2 ne-3 degrees yomonakalo kunye nakwiimeko zesekondari ze-flave. Ngokuqhelekileyo intlungu ibonakala emva kokuxinezeleka kwengqondo, uxinzelelo, ukwesaba, ukunyamekela ngokomzimba, kodwa ayikhutshwanga kwimeko yokuphumla. Ubume bokungahambi kahle buhluke: ukubetha, ukugubha, ukucinezela, njl. Ukuba i-valve ye-valve ihambelana nokuvakalelwa kwintlungu rhoqo, oku kubonisa ingxaki enkulu kunye neengxaki ezinokwenzeka.
I-Mitral valve iyaqhubeka - ukuxilongwa
Ngexesha loviwo lwezonyango ngexesha lokuhlaselwa (ukuphulaphula intliziyo kunye ne-stethophonendoscope), ingcali iyakwazi ukufumana ingxolo ethile ebangelwa ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kweentsimbi. Esi sizathu sokuba kuqeshwe uviwo oluthe ngqo, kwaye kwiimeko ezinjalo kucetyiswa ukuqhuba i-ultrasound (i-echocardiography). Ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound yentliziyo, i-mitral valve prolapse ibonwa ngokunyanisekileyo, kwaye le ndlela iqikelela ngokuchanekileyo umlinganiselo we-pathology. Ukongezelela, ezo ndlela zophando zingabelwa:
- electrocardiogram;
- Ukubeka iliso kwi-ECG.
I-Mitral valve iyaqhubeka - unyango
Inani elikhulu labantu abaye baphumela, unyango aludingeki. Ukuba akukho zibonakaliso zekliniki, isigulane asikhathazeki, uviwo alubonakali ukungaxhamli komzimba, ukubonwa kuphela ngokuxilongwa ngeziganeko kunye nendlela yokuphila enempilo kunconywa. Umbuzo wokusebenza ngokomzimba uxoxwa kwimeko nganye ngokwayo.
I-proral valve, ebonakaliswa yimpawu ezinzulu zesifo kunye neengxaki ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo, zingaphantsi kweyeza. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kumde, kunokubandakanya amaqela alandelayo:
- beta-blockers;
- iivithamini zeqela B, PP;
- ukulungiselela i-magnesium;
- ezimbi;
- zoxolo.
Ukongeza kwinqanaba le-pharmacological, unyango oluyinkimbinkimbi luhlala luquka ezinye iindlela: ukuphefumula, umzimba-physiotherapy, physiotherapy, ukuhlaziya umzimba, isifo sengqondo. Izigulane zicetyiswa ukuba zonyango. Kwimeko enokungaqhelekanga, iqondo eliphezulu lokubuyiswa ngokutsha lichithwa kwiindlela zokusebenza. Oku kungenza umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa kwi-valve ye-mitral (umzekelo, ukuguqula iiplavesi, ukunciphisa i-chord), okanye indlela eqhelekileyo-i-valve prosthetics.