Isifo sisifo esiyingozi esichaphazela abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Kuyintsholongwane yomzimba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwamathumbu amakhulu. I-agent engumnxeba wesifo somhlaza ngumveliso weentonga zamathambo (i-shigella), engena emzimbeni ngezandla ezingcolileyo, amanzi angcolileyo kunye nokutya okungahlambulukanga, kwaye iqhutywe yizimpukane. Iifomsi ziqokelelwa emathunjini amakhulu kwaye zibangele ukuvuvukala.
Ixesha lokuxubusha lihlala likhulu ngeliveki, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo likhawulelwe kwiintsuku ezingama-2-3. Impawu zokuqala zesifo somhlaza kubantwana ziqhelekileyo zilandelayo:
- ukwanda okukhawulezayo kumbushushu womzimba ukuya ku-38-39 °;
- ukuphosa;
- buthathaka;
- intloko;
- ukungcola;
- ukutshatyalaliswa kwesidlo.
Emva koko abantwana banempawu ezicacileyo zesifo segazi esiswini esisezantsi (okokuqala, ngokukhawuleza, ukuphazamisa) kunye nezitulo eziqhelekileyo ze-tinge ezihlaza kunye negazi. Ngaphambi kokuxhatshazwa, intlungu idla kakhulu.
Kubantwana kuze kube unyaka, isifo segazi sisenza ngokungafaniyo: ixesha elide, iimpawu azichazwanga, i-stool ingaba ngaphandle kwegazi. Ukuqina kwesi sifo kwiintsana kuncike ngokukodwa kwinqanaba lokungcoliswa kwamanzi kunye ne-toxicosis: ukuba isifo segazi sisifumene ngexesha kwaye unyango luyakhelwe ngokufanelekileyo, lesi sifo siya kuba sinobubele ngaphandle kweengxaki. Ngaphandle koko, imiphumo emibi inokwenzeka, ukusuka kwongezwa kwezifo ezithintekayo ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini.
Unyango lwengxube kubantwana
Isifo ngokuqhelekileyo siqala ngokubalulekileyo, kwaye into yokuqala abazali abafanele bayenzeyo kubiza ugqirha endlwini, eya kubeka indlela yokuphatha isifo somhlaza kubantwana bakho, ubhale imithi efunekayo (kunye namachiza kunye nesimo esibi sesifo - amalungiselelo okulwa ne-antibacterial action). Ukuxhaswa, kodwa kule nxaxheba ayikho ncinane ibalwe yonyango lokulondoloza - ukulungiswa komzimba kunye nokutya okuncinciweyo.
Ukuze kuphephe ukukhulelwa kwamanzi, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokwenzeka, unike umntwana ngamanzi aphuhliweyo kumanzi we-rehydron okanye i-smecta. Ezi zi yobisi zenzele ukulinganisela kweseyile yomzimba, zisuse i-toxins evela emzimbeni kwaye zichaphazeleke ngokufanelekileyo imeko yomntwana.
Ukutya kwabantwana abanesifo sesifo segazi kudlala indima ekhethekileyo kunyango. Ukusuka kwimenyu kuyimfuneko ukukhuphela ukutya okucebileyo kwi-fiber kwaye ucasula iindonga zesitumbu esikhulu (izithelo ezitsha, amajikijolo kunye nemifuno, izantyambo, ubhontshisi). Ukutya okuphambili kwesigulane ngesifo segazi, i-puree, isobho se-low-fat and corn-free-grain. Ukutya kufuneka kubiliswe okanye kuphekwe isibini, kunye nokucinywa. Inyama neentlanzi zinokunikwa ngeendlela zokubilisa inyama.
Ngokumalunga nezingane ukuya kutsho unyaka, osufumene ukutya okuncedisayo, banokunikezwa ukuxuba ngobisi obumuncu, ama-porridges kwi-decoction yemifuno, isula i-cottage cheese.
Oku kutya kufuneka kulandelwe kude kuphele ukuphela kweempawu zekliniki nokubuyisela komntwana. Emva koko imenyu ihamba ngokukhawuleza, kodwa utshintsho kumandla aqhelekileyo
Iprophylaxis yesifo somhlaza kubantwana
Isifo sesifo sesisu sichaphazela ezininzi iingxaki kumntwana kunye nabazali bakhe. Ukuthintela oku kungenzeki, abantwana kufuneka bafundiswe ukususela kwiminyaka emininzi ukugcina imithetho yokucoceka. Amanyathelo okukhusela isifo samanzi afaka:
- ukuhlamba izandla phambi kokutya (kubandakanya ngaphambi kokupheka nokunyusa umntwana omncinci), kunye emva kokuhamba nokuvakashela indlu yangasese;
- bedla izithelo kunye nemifuno ehlanjululwe ngokupheleleyo;
- ukuthenga kuphela iimveliso zokutya kunye nokutya;
- ukugcinwa kwemveliso kwisitya esivaliweyo okanye ipakethe.
Ukuqwalasela le mithetho, kunye nexesha eliya kugqirha, uya kuzikhusela wena kunye nabantwana bakho kwi-dysentery kunye nemiphumo eyingozi.