Kukhangela impendulo engcono kumbuzo, yintoni ekufuneka usebenze ngayo iidiliya entwasahlobo emva kokuvula, kufuneka uqwalasele isicelo seendlela ezahlukeneyo kwisayithi. Ukukhusela imivini sele isetyenzisiweyo, zombini i-fungicides yesimiso yesimanje, kunye neenkqubo ezibonakalisiweyo zethusi eziboniswe ngexesha.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo
Kwiimvini zelanga emva kokuvulwa, zininzi iintshaba ngeendlela zokuhlaselwa kwezilwanyana ezinobungozi kunye nezinambuzane ezinobungozi, ukwenzela ukuba ufumane isivuno esihle kakhulu ngaphandle kokuhlanjululwa kwezihlahla ezizodwa kunye neyeza ezizodwa. Ukusetyenziswa kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo kwizifo kunye nezilwanyana ezinambuzane kuyindlela efunekayo ye-agrotechnical evumela ukuba kutshabalalise i-spores fungal kunye ne-wintering izimpungushe ze-parasite kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso.
Imigaqo ebalulekileyo yokucwangcisa imivini entwasahlobo:
- I-vitriol ye-Iron, i-3% ye-Bordeaux umxube kunye nezinye iimveliso ezigxininisekile zingatshisa iifuno kunye namaqabunga, kubalulekile ukuba kugcinwe ngokusemgangathweni imiqathango yomsebenzi kunye nezi lungiselelo.
- Zama ukususa ukhula lweentyantyambo kwisayithi ukwenzela ukuba kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa iikhemikhali ingalimazi inyosi yokuvuthwa kweenyosi entwasahlobo entsimini yakho.
- Sebenzisa abachithisi abachanekileyo, sebenzisa umgca obuncinane.
- Kucetyiswa ukuba uphefle i-fungicides kunye ne-insecticide emva kokuvula amahlathi ukusuka kumgama wama-50-60 cm ukusuka kumdiliya.
- Yenza isicwangciso seminyaka emininzi kunokucwangcisa iidiliya entwasahlobo emva kokuba kuvulwe, enye ikhemikhali ithetha ukuthintela izinambuzane ukuba zingasetyenziselwa into esebenzayo.
- Kuyinto engathandeki ukugcina izidakamizwa ezihlambulukileyo kwiitanki okanye ibhakethi ixesha elide, unyango unyango emva kokulungiselela isisombululo.
- Khetha ukucwangcisa amagilebhisi emva kokuvula imimoya eyomileyo nephezulu, kungcono ukuhlahlela ihlathini emva kokushona kwelanga.
Ukuguqulwa kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo kunye ne vitriol
I-vitriol ye-Iron iyimfuneko enamandla, ayivunyelwe ukuyisebenzisa emva kokuvula kumaqabunga atshabalalayo. Ukuba izintso ziyavuvukala kwaye zifakwe i-fuzz, ziqala ukugqabhuka, iingcebiso eziluhlaza zokhuselo oluzayo ziza kubonakala, kufike ixesha lokusebenzisa le fungicide. Ukutshatyalaliswa kweentlanzi, unyango lweedilibini nge-vitriol yensimbi entwasahlobo enomlinganiselo we-300-400 g yale fungicide nge-10 ilitha yebhakethi yamanzi iyasebenza. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukupakisha kunye nomdiliya kunye nomhlaba ojikelezayo ukwenzela ukuba ihlase igalelo eliphezulu kwiinambuzane. Ixabiso lokunyuka eliphakanyisiweyo lifikelela kuma-15 ilitha e-vitriol ehlaziyekileyo nge-100 m 2 .
Ukusetyenziswa kwamagilebhisi nge-copper sulfate entwasahlobo
Ukutshiza umgangatho wamagilebhisi entwasahlobo kunye ne-sulfate yethusi kuqhutyelwa kumdiliya ongenalutho emva kokuphela kobusika kunye nesisombululo se-3%. Kukho imithetho elula yokusebenza kunye nalo mveliso omdala kunye nexesha elivivinywayo:
- Iibhuladi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka azinqatshelwe ukuzalisa kwizitya zetsimbi, zama ukuthenga le njongo iplastiki ehlukeneyo okanye iibhakethi ezithintekayo.
- Kungcono ukulungiselela i-fungicide kwinqwelo elitshisa i-50 ° C.
- Zama ukucoca ngokucoca.
- Ixesha lokukhusela i-sulfate yethusi lifikelela kwiintsuku ezingama-30.
- Ibhakethi yesisombululo yeelitha eziyi-10 yanele ngokwenziwa komyinge we-100 m 2 .
- I-Copper sulfate ingakwazi ukuyikhubaza ngokufanelekileyo umhlaba kumyezo, izityalo zokugcina izityalo okanye izityalo zokugcina izityalo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezidiliya zeBordeaux umxube entwasahlobo
Emva kokuvulwa kwi-3% ingxube ye- Bordeaux idizayini yamagilebhisi entwasahlobo isetyenziswe phezu komdiliya ongabonakaliyo, i-1% yokuxinwa iyasebenza xa uphula amahlamvu ezifweni ezahlukeneyo. Yenza i-fungicide yezinto ezimbini-i-sulfate ye-copper kunye ne-quicklime, eyenziwa njenge-neutralizer, ekhusela ubunzima obuhlaza. Iimeko eziphambili ukuhlaziya iinqununu kwiibhothi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye isisombululo se-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka siyathengiswa ngokufanelekileyo kwi-milk lemon, ekufumaneni i-liquid nge-reaction ne-alkaline.
Ukucwangciswa kweedrea zamanzi entwasahlobo
Ukuxazulula ingxaki, kunokuba usebenze iidiliya entwasahlobo emva kokuvulwa, kunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa isichumisi esasasazeka phantsi kwegama urea . Kufuneka kusetyenziswe, ngaphandle kokulinda ukukhwaza kweentso, ngokukhawuleza emva kokukhutshwa komdiliya ophantsi komhlaba okanye ikhava. Ukutshiza amagilebhisi entwasahlobo ukusuka kwizifo ze-urea yindlela efanelekileyo yokunqoba isikhala, i-weevil, i-honeycomb, iimbumba kunye ne-aphids. Ukusebenza i-500-700 g ye-carbamide evulekileyo ichithe kwi-10 ilitha amanzi.
Ukucwangcisa i-Topaz entwasahlobo
Ukukhetha amalungiselelo okufumba amagilebhisi entwasahlobo emva kokuvula umdiliya, kuyafaneleka ukubeka ingqalelo kwiTopaz, eyadalwa ngesiseko se-penconazole, efanelwe inani elininzi labalimi abanokubukwa ngokugqithiseleyo. Inceda kwi-rust, rot, i-powdery mildew eyingozi. I-Topaz iphilisa iintsholongwane, inokungenelela kwiiseli zamagilebhisi kwaye ikwazi ukunyamezela iziphumo zomoya. Ekuqaleni, i-penconazole ikhubaza izihlahla kwaye ichithe ama-mushroom, ize isincede ekuqiniseni inkqubo yokukhusela. Xa uhluma amahlamvu kunye neziqhamo, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba i-Topaz inexesha lokulinda ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-20.
Imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwamagilebhisi Iipopayi emva kokuvula:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-1 - ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhluma kwemifuno;
- Ukwelashwa kwe-2 - kwangoko emva kokuba inkqubo yeentyantyambo iphelile.
Ukunyanga kwamagilebhisi kunye neNitrofen entwasahlobo
I-Nitrofen isetyenziselwa umvini entwasahlobo kwimvini engabonakaliyo emva kokuvulwa, kwiifriji eziluhlaza le nambuzane enqwenelekayo ukufaka isicelo ngenxa yobunyofu obuphezulu. Inikezwa njengento enobumba obunobumba obumnyama. Iphelisa ngokupheleleyo amanxeba enkuni, ngokufanelekileyo malunga noluhlu olukhulu lwezinambuzane, i-mildew, i-oidium, i-mites kunye ne-anthracnose. Ngenxa yexesha elide lokuchithwa, i-Nitrofen kwimiyezo yaqala ukutshatyalaliswa yi-pesticides encinci.
Ukuxilongwa kweNitrofen:
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezihlahla emva kokuvulwa - 150-200 g / 10 l.
- Ukuxhatshaliswa kwamanxeba - 200 g / 10 l.
- Unyango lomhlaba kwiinambuzane, iifungus kunye ne-mold - 300 g / 10 ilitha.