I-Cholesterol, ngokuchasene nokungaqondi kakuhle, ayisoloko inobungozi kumzimba. Le nxalenye ye-organic ibandakanyeka kwimveliso ye-hormone yesondo, i-bile, i-vitamin D, eyayisetyenziselwa ukwakha iimbumba ze-membrane ze-membrane. Impembelelo engafanelekanga kulawo matyala xa isalathisi se-lipoproteins ephantsi, ifomu yezothutho ye-cholesterol, okanye i-LDL yanda-oko kuthetha ukuthini isigulane esithile, kufuneka kuchazwe ngumbono ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu ezifumanekayo.
Yintoni eyosongela xa i-LDL ye-cholesterol ekuhlolweni kwegazi iphakanyisiwe?
Umbuso ochazwe kuthiwa yi-hypercholesterolemia kwiyeza. Ukuchonga izinga leengozi yalo, kuyimfuneko ukuthelekisa ama-indices of concentration of lipoproteins ngexabiso eliqhelekileyo. Kubafazi beeminyaka ezahlukeneyo, ba:
- ukuya kwi-29 iminyaka - 60-150 mg / dL okanye 1.55-4.1 mmol / l;
- 29-39 iminyaka - 70-170 mg / dl okanye 1.81-4.40 mmol / l;
- 40-49 iminyaka - 80-190 mg / dl okanye 2.07-4.92 mmol / l;
- 50-59 iminyaka - 90-220 mg / dl okanye 2.33-5.70 mmol / l;
- 60-69 iminyaka - 100-235 mg / dL okanye 2.59-6.09 mmol / l;
- ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 - 90-215 mg / dl okanye 2.46-5.57 mmol / l.
Ukuba umgangatho we-LDL we-cholesterol unyuselwa, umngcipheko wokwakheka kwe-cholesterol plaques kwimida yegazi, ukukhutshwa kwawo okulandelayo kunye nophuhliso lwe-atherosclerosis landa.
Ukongezelela, ukugqithisa imigangatho yexabiso elithatyathwa ngokubalukisayo kubangele ukuvela kwenani leentsholongwane zomzimba ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwemithambo kunye nama-capillaries:
- i-myocardial infarction ;
- ukubetha;
- ukutyalwa kwemithambo ye-peripheral.
Ziziphi izizathu ezenza ukuba i-LDL ikhulise ngokukhawuleza, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuthini?
Ukuseka izinto ezichanekileyo ezibangela ukuxinwa kwale ngxube yegazi kwigazi kuphela kuphela emva kokufunda ngokucophelela imbali kunye noviwo lweklinikhi.
Inyaniso kukuba i-LDL ye-cholesterol iphakanyiswe nguFriedwald ngenxa yezinto ezizalwe njengefa okanye ukuphulwa kwemithetho yokutya okunesondlo okunamafutha, i-carbohydrate ephezulu efana neyokutya, iimveliso zobisi. Ukongezelela, iziphumo zoluhlalutyo zingathinteka kwizinto zangaphandle:
- Ukubambelela kwexesha elide kwisondlo esiqinileyo, kubandakanywa iindlovu, ukomile kunye nokuzila okumanzi;
- khulelwa;
- ukuthatha i-corticosteroid hormone, i-androgens, i-anabolic steroids;
- ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwindawo efanelekileyo;
- ukutya kokuqala kokutya kunye nomxholo weemfuyo zezilwanyana;
- ukutshaya;
- ukuhamba okufutshane ngexesha lobomi;
- ukudluliselwa kweemeko ezinzima ngaphambili, imisebenzi yokuhlinzwa okanye ukusuleleka kakubi.
Ukuba igazi liye laziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo, izizathu ezinokwenzeka zokunyusa ixabiso leLDL zi:
- ubukho bezinto eziqinileyo kwi-gallbladder;
- isicic heart disease;
- i-nephrotic syndrome kwimvelaphi yokuvuvuka okungapheliyo kweentso;
- umsebenzi we-thyroid wehlisiwe ngendlela ye-hypothyroidism;
- utywala obunaphakade;
- ukudibanisa kwe-bile (cholestasis), echukunyiswa yi-cirrhosis okanye i-hepatitis;
- isifo sikashukela okanye unyango olungalunganga;
- ukungaphumeleli kwindlala;
- umhlaza we-pancreatic;
- u bunzima;
- i-jaundice ye-extrahepatic;
- ukungabikho kwe-hormone yokukhula egazini;
- idluliselwe "kwimilenze" i-myocardial infarction;
- glomerulonephritis ;
- gout;
- kwinqanaba le-atherosclerosis yeemithwalo yegazi;
- i-pre-rults state;
- i-anorexia nervosa;
- ukuhlaselwa rhoqo kwixinzelelo olubi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ixabiso elifanelekileyo leLDL alikwazi ukuhlala lisungulwa emva kokunikela ngegazi lokuqala. Ngoko ke, njengomthetho, oogqirha bancomela ukuba bahlalutye amaxesha ama-2-3 ngexesha elifutshane, ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-1.