Esinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokubiza iqela le-ambulensi yintliziyo yesifo okanye isifo se-myocardial esichukumisayo-imeko yekliniki efuna ukunakekelwa ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-infarct
I-myocardium yintliziyo yesisipha, idala izithintelo zesiganeko, ishintshana kunye nokuphumula. Nge-infarction ye-myocardial, ukunikezelwa kwegazi ngengxenye yentliziyo ye-muscle ngokukhawuleza kuyeka ngenxa yokucinywa ngokupheleleyo kwe-artery coronary ehambisa igazi le-oxygen. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kukhokelela ekubunjweni kwe-thrombus kwi-plaque ye-atherosclerotic, ngokuthe rhoqo-ukukhutshwa kwe-lumen ye-artery coronary. Kule meko, indawo ye-myocardium inqatshelwe isondlo kwaye ifa, kwaye isistim esifileyo sithatyathwa ngokutshintshwa ngetyhubhu.
Ukuhlaselwa kwesifo senhliziyo kuhamba kunye neempawu eziphambili:
- intlungu yesifuba esiya entanyeni, ingalo, umva, umhlathi;
- ukugqithisa kwesikhumba, ukuguquka okubandayo;
- imeko yokuphazamiseka.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukubonakaliswa kweempawu ze-myocardial infarction, ngenxa yento engayinakuyihoywa. Ngokomzekelo, ngamanye amaxesha uvakalelwa ngathi unokufana nokuguquka kwentliziyo okanye uhamba kunye nobunzima bokuphefumula kunye neentliziyo ezingekho phantsi.
Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba i-artery coronary evulekile ngokukhawuleza ivuliwe, ingaphantsi intliziyo iza kubonakaliswa, ngoko ke, ukuba i-heart attack is suspected, i-ambulensi kufuneka ibizwe ngoko nangoko.
Iifomu ze-myocardial infarction
I-infyoction ye-Myocardial ihlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ngezigaba zophuhliso:
- isisindo, okanye isigaba somonakalo (ukususela kwiiyure ezingama-2 ukuya kwii-24) - ukwakheka kwe-necrosis yesayithi yentliziyo yesisu;
- isigaba esibi - ukuvutha kwengxenye efile ye-myocardium, ehamba kunye nokuvuvukala kule ndawo kunye nokwanda kweqondo lokushisa komzimba;
- ukuxhathisa isigaba - inkqubo yokwenza utywala;
- isigaba esingasigxina - isiqabana.
Ngomthamo (ubukhulu) besilonda:
- ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo enkulu (ebanzi);
- i-infarction encinci (ngokuqhelekileyo i-atypical).
Ngendawo:
- i-infricction ye-ventricular (yangaphakathi, i-lateral, iphantsi, iphantsi kwayo);
- hlaselwa yintliziyo;
- i-infarction ye-septum interventricular, njl.
Unyango lwe-infyoction ye-myocardial
Izigulane zizibhedlele kwaye iintsuku zokuqala ziphantsi kokubeka iliso kwinqanaba lokunyamekela.
Ukunyangwa kwesifo senhliziyo kubandakanya la mayeza:
- iipilisi;
- iziyobisi ezikhuthaza ukuchithwa kwe-thrombus;
- iziyobisi ezinciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- amayeza anciphisa umthamo wegazi elijikelezayo;
- iziyobisi ezinciphisa izinga lentliziyo.
Ngelo xesha, ukuphumla okuqinileyo kwebheddi kuyadingeka, kunye nokunyamekela isigulane ngokufanelekileyo ukwenzela ukuba ugweme ukulala kunye nezinye iingxaki.
Ukubuyiselwa emva kwe-infyoction ye-myocardial
Emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwentliziyo yeenyanga malunga neenyanga ezintandathu, kuyimfuneko ukugcina irejista yokukhusela. Kwixesha elizayo, umsebenzi obandakanya ukunyamezela ngokomzimba okanye ngokomzwelo unqatshelwe.
Ukubuyiselwa kwesigulane kuqala esibhedlele ngokubuyiselwa kwezakhono ezisisiseko ezilahlekileyo (ukuzenzekela, ukucoceka kwindlela yokucoceka), kwaye ngokuqhubekayo kwimiqathango yesikhungo sokuvuselela, isitifiketi okanye ipolyclinic.
Ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka, ubunzima besigulane, ubunzima bomonakalo kwisifo senhliziyo kunye nezifo ezidibeneyo, isicatshulwa sokwenza utyando luye lwaphuhliswa ngenxa yokungena. Ukuzilolonga komzimba kusekelwe kwimithwalo ye-aerobic (kubangela ukukhutshwa kwe-oxygenation yegazi), eyenzelwe ukwandisa ukunyamezela komzimba nokunyamezela. Kwakhona, i-massage imiselwe ukuba kuphuculwe ukujikelezwa kwe-coronary, ukukhawuleza ukuhamba kwegazi, ukukhulula ukukhathazeka ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo.
Ukuhamba okukhuthazwayo, umsebenzi omzimba okhanyayo (kwintsimi, ekhaya), izithambile ezityebileyo kunye nesithintelo semfuyo yezilwanyana,
Ukuthintela i-myocardial infarction
Ukukhusela izifo kukhuthazwa:
- msebenzi oqhelekileyo;
- ukulawula umzimba;
- ukugatya imikhwa emibi;
- ukujongwa kwengcinezelo yegazi;
- ukuma kwezinga le-cholesterol egazini ;
- kwamkela i-acetylsalicylic acid.