Izifundo ze-cytological (i-cytology) sele zifakwe kwi-gynecology, njengenye yezindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuxilonga. Ngokomzekelo, i- smear ye-cytology , ukuqokelelwa kwezinto eziphathekayo ezivela emlonyeni wesibeleko, sisona sifundo esicalulo sokuxilonga, ngokukrokrelwa kwenkqubo yokwenza inzala kwizitho zokuzala.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinjongo ze-cytological zenziwa nge-hormonal impairment function of ovarian, kunye nokuphulwa komjikelezo wesini.
Iyintoni injongo ye-smear ye-cytology?
Kwi-smear eveliswe, ochwepheshe beebhuriji bavavanya umlo, kunye nobukhulu kunye nenani leeseli, uhlobo lwendawo yabo, evumela ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kwezi zifo zengqungquthela kunye nesimo sangasemva somlomo wesibeleko.
Iinkcazo
Uhlalutyo lwe-cytology, oluqhutyelwa kwinqanaba lomzimba, limiselwe kubo bonke abafazi abaneminyaka engama-18 nangaphezulu. Ukongezelela, kuqhutywa ngo:
- ucwangciso lokukhulelwa;
- u krokrela ukungabikho;
- umjikelezo wesimo ongavumelekanga;
- izifo zentsholongwane (papilloma);
- Ukwamkelwa kwexesha elide lomfazi ngowama-hormonal;
- phambi kwenkqubo yokubeka i-intrauterine device.
Ukulungiselela
Ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwe-cytological kwesibeletho kungolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- ukuyeka ukulala ngokwesibini iintsuku phambi kokuhlalutya;
- ukupheliswa kokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezilawulwa ngamanzi, iintsuku ezimbini.
Kwakhona, umfazi ucebise ukuba angagcini iiyure ezingama-2 phambi kohlalutyo lwe-cytology yomlomo wesibeleko.
Oogqirha batusa ukuba bathathe iimvavanyo kwi-cytology emva kokuphela komjikelo wokuya esikhathini, ngosuku 4-5.
Kuqhutywa njani?
Uphando lweempawu ze-cytological ze-uterus kukuthatha izinto eziphathekayo, eziqhutyelwa phambili kuhlalutyo.
I-smear ithathwa ngophando lwe-gynecological nge-stery, i-brush eyenzelwe ngokukhethekileyo. Izinto eziphathekayo zithathwe kwiindawo zangaphakathi nangaphandle zangomlomo wesibeleko. Emva koko isetyenziswe kumgca we-slide oyinyumba kwaye ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza, isilumkiso senziwe. Emva koko yome, yilungise ngezisombululo ezikhethekileyo kunye ne-microscopy. Inkqubo ngokwayo ayibuhlungu kwaye iphela imizuzwana engu-10-15 kuphela.
Njengoko loo nto ifakwe ngexesha lokuqokelela, kwaye iimfucu zenzakala, emva kwenkqubo, iindawo ezincinci zokubala, iintsuku ezingama-1-2 ubude, zinokwenzeka.
Ziphumelelani iziphumo zophando?
Xa kuchaza i-smear njengepesenti, umxholo wohlobo ngalunye lweeseli ze-epithelial luboniswa ngokwahlukileyo. I-Colpositogram iqulunqwe. Ngokwenene, ipesenti yeeseli zomhlaba ezineenucley nucleus zichongiwe.
Njengomthetho, utshintsho lomzimba, kunye neenguqu ezisebenzayo kwi-mucosa yesisu, kukhokelela ekutshintsheni ekubunjweni kwe-smear. Ngoko, i-estrogens iyomeleza inkqubo yokuhluthwa kwe-epithelium,
Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo ye-progesterone dequamation yeeseli ze-epithelial zenzeka, ngoko ke, kwi-smear zibukeka ziphosakele kwaye zihlelwe ngamaqela, inani lamaseli amhlophe e-smear landa.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, umlo kunye nobukhulu bazo zonke iiseli zifana nendawo kwi-smear, kwaye akukho zisele ze-atypical. Xa inani elikhulu leeseli lifunyenwe, ifomu engafanelekanga inikwe i-smear ye-oncocytology, into ephathekayo eyenziwa kwintsholongwane. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha ukongezelela ukhetha i-colposcopy nge-biopsy, ukucacisa nokugqiba ukuxilongwa.