Smear ye-cytology

Ukufumana iziphumo ezinokwethenjelwa, kuyinqweneleka ukuhambelana nezi mfuno zilandelayo ngaphambi kokuba uphumelele uvavanyo:

• ukuyeka iintsuku ezingama-1-2 ngokulala ngesondo;
• wenqabe ukuthatha imithi, ukunqumla (ukuba kwakungavumelekanga kunye nogqirha);
• ukuhamba kokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba i-swab ithathwe ubuncinane kwiiyure ezingama-2;
• I-smear ayiyi kunikelwa kwisabelo esininzi sokuvuvukala.

Kunconywa ukuthatha i-smear ye-cytology malunga nomhla wesi-4-5 wesijikelezo sokuya esikhathini.

I-Technique yokuthatha i-smear ye-cytology

Inkqubo yokuthatha i-smear ayibuhlungu kwaye ithatha imizuzwana embalwa. I-cytological smear ithathwa emlonyeni womlomo wesibeleko, kunye nakwinqanawa yomlomo wesibeleko. Ngenxa yoko, kusetyenziswe i-spatula ekhethekileyo. Iisampuli zifakwe kwiglasi kwaye zithunyelwa kwi-laboratory. Kukho, izinto zidaywe ngokwe-Pap smear, zome, zihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope.

Isifundo kunye nesiphumo smear kwi-cytology

Xa uhlalutya i-smear ye-cytology, uvavanyo luyenziwe ngobukhulu, imilo, kunye nemeko yendawo yeseli. Ukongeza kwi-diagnostic cell defects, ukucacisa i-smear ye-cytology inokubonisa ukuba kukho iinambuzane ezinobungozi.

Umlomo wesibeleko uhlanganiswe ngeentlobo ezimbini ze-epithelium: isitrato (i-multilayered) ihlanganisa isahluko sayo sangasese, kunye nenxalenye yecilindrical (engatshatiweyo) inxalenye yomsele wesibeleko odibanisa umlomo wesibeleko kwisibeleko.

Isiqhelo se-smear ye-cytology yiphumo elibi. Okokuthi, zonke iiseli zinesimo esifanelekileyo, ubungakanani kunye nendawo, akukho zisele ze-atypical (pathological).

Makhe sizame ukufumana oko i-smear ye-cytology ibonisa. Kukho iiklasi ezintlanu zeziphumo zolu hlalutyo (ngokovavanyo lwePap):

1. Isakhiwo esele siqhelekileyo, i-cytology ngaphandle kwamaninzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba lo mfazi uphilile.
2. Uhlobo oluvuthayo lwe-smear ye-cytology. Kule meko, kukho utshintsho oluncinane kwisakhiwo seeseli ngenxa yokuvuvukala. Ukufumanisa ukuvuvukala kwi-smear kwi-cytology kubonisa isidingo sokufumana iimviwo ezongezelelweyo ukuchonga i-pathogen.
3. Ubukho benani elincinci leeseli ezinokuguqulwa kwamanuclei ngokungaqhelekanga (i-dysplasia elula, efanelekileyo okanye enamandla). Kule meko, kufuneka uphinde uthathe i-smear okanye uvavanyo lwe-hertological of the tissue.
4. Izinguqu ezibonakalayo kwi-nucleus, i-chromosome kunye ne-cytoplasm yamaseli athile (akrokrelwa ukubunjwa komhlaza). I-colposcopy ene-biopsy yecandelo elityhukisayo leetiski iyimfuneko.
5. Ukufumanisa inani elikhulu lomhlaza wamaseli kwi-smear. Isigulane siyathunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kwi-oncologist.

Ngokuqhelekileyo iziphumo zohlalutyo zilungele usuku lwesibini emva kokuthatha i-smear ye-cytology. Olu hlalutyo lulula kwaye lukwazisa ukuxilongwa komhlaza. Kwizigaba zokuqala zanamhlanje, esi sifo sinyanga ngokupheleleyo, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikela rhoqo nge-smear kwi-cytology.

Smear ukusuka ekhaleni ukuya kwi-cytology

Xa ufumanisa uhlobo lwe-rhinitis, i-cytology ye-secretion yangasese iyenziwa-i-smear evela ekhaleni. Kwi-microscopy ibonisa, yiziphi iiseli ezithintekayo kwimpumlo enamanzi. I-predominance ye-neutrophils ibonisa ukuvuvukala okusulelayo. Ukuba ngaphezu kwe-15% yeeseli kwi-smear zimelelwa ngama-eosinophil, ngoko-rhinitis ye-allergenic. Iinqununu zeeseli ze-epithelial zibonisa ukunyuka kwe-mucosa.