Iipilisi zokukhusela - ezifanelekileyo ukukhetha kunye nendlela yokusela ngayo?

Amalungiselelo aqukethe i-hormone yesini yomzimba ingenye yezindlela eziphambili kunye nezindlela zokukhusela zanamabhinqa. Ukusebenza kweemali ezivela ekukhulelweni okungafunekiyo, ukuba zisetyenziswe kakuhle, zifikelela kuma-99-100%. Ukusebenza kwala mayeza kuncike ekuchanekeni kokukhetha kwabo.

Ulwaphulo-mthetho lwabafazi - iintlobo zamathebhulethi

Kukho iintlobo ezi-2 zamachiza ezicatshangelwayo, ngasinye sinempawu zayo. Iintlobo zemithi yokukhulelwa komlomo:

1. Iprogestin (i-mini-drank). Ukusebenza - malunga nama-95-96%, kuboniswa ukhuseleko oluphezulu.
2. Idibeneyo (COC). Ukusebenza-ukuya kwi-100%, kunokuchasene, ngezinye izikhathi kubangela iziphumo ezimbi ezimbi.

Ii-saws

Iipilisi zokukhusela kwili qela ziqukethe amanani amancinci e-progestin ecocekileyo (progestagen), efana nesalogue yokwenziwa kweprogramterone ye-sex hormone (eveliswe kuma-ovari). Ukukhulelwa komlomo kunye ne-minipill imiselwe abesetyhini abangavunyelwe ukuthatha ii-COC eziqhelekileyo. Iziyobisi zeProgesin zisebenza kumzimba onzima, kodwa ukukhusela ekukhulelweni okungafunekiyo kunzima.

Ukudibanisa imithi yomlomo

Uhlobo lwamachiza oluchazwe luquka iprogesterone yomculo kunye ne-analogue ye-estrogen. Iipilisi ezinjalo zokukhusela zingaba zi-single-, ezimbini kunye nezigaba ezintathu, kuxhomekeke kumyinge wamahomoni. Ii-COC zisebenza ngokusebenza kakuhle, zifikelela kuma-100%, kodwa azifanelekanga kubo bonke abafazi. Kuyingozi ukuzikhethela ngokuzimeleyo, ukukhulelwa komlomo kweqela elidibeneyo libekwe ngabanye ngesifo somzimba.

Iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa zisebenza njani?

Indlela yokukhusela ukukhusela i-mini-second ne-COC iyahluke. Imigaqo eyisiSekelo ichaza indlela ipilisi yokukhusela ngayo iprogesin ecocekileyo:

1. Ukugxilwa kwe-mucus emlonyeni wesibeleko. Oku kuvimbela ukuhamba kwesidoda kwiqanda.
2. Ukutshintsha i-mucosa (ukunyanzeliswa kwe-glandular) ukufaka umlenze. Nangona i-spermatozoon ikwazi "ukugqithisa" kwaye iqule iqanda, ayikwazi ukuzibandakanya.
3. Ukuphungulwa kwe-peristalsis yamathambo e-fallopian. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iqanda lifa ngaphambi kokuchumisa, ngaphambi kokuba lifike kwi-mucosa.

Iipilisi zokukhusela zodidi oludibeneyo zivelisa iziphumo ezifanayo, kodwa zineziphumo ezongezelelweyo:

• Ukumisa ukukhululwa kwe-horlicone-stimulating and luteinizing hormone kwi-pituitary gland;
• ukuvimba imisebenzi yama-ovari;
• thintela ukuqala kwe- ovulation .

Iipilisi zokukhusela - ngubani na onokumkhetha?

Ukutyunjwa kwemithi yokukhulelwa komlomo kwenziwa ngumgwenyi oqeqeshiwe. Ugqirha onamava kuphela onokumisela iipilisi zokulawulwa kokuzalwa - into engcono kumfazi othile, inqunywe ngesiseko semilinganiselo:

• ubudala;
• imvelaphi yehommoni;
• uhlobo lomgaqo-siseko (ukukhula, ubude bexesha lokuya esikhathini, ubunzima beempawu zesondo zesibini kunye nezinye iimpawu);
• imikhwa emibi;
• phambi kokuzalwa okanye ukukhipha isisu;
• ukuxinwa kweswekile egazini;
• ubukho bezifo zenkqubo yokuzala kunye ne-endocrine pathologies;
• nqanaba legazi;
• ubunzima bomzi;
• imeko yesikhumba;
• ubunzima obubonakalayo;
• umsebenzi wesibindi;
• umsebenzi we-system coagulation;
• ubukho be-neoplasms kwizitho zentlanzi encinci kunye neengcambu ze-mammary;
• umsebenzi wesondo.

Uninzi lwabasetyhini lufanelekile ukudibanisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa. Ukuba ukuchasene nokusetyenziswa kwabo kufumaneka, ugqirha uya kuncoma ukhethe enye indlela yokukhulelwa komzimba, umzekelo, oomatshini (iikhondom, i-intrauterine device), okanye ukusebenzisa i-mini-pili:

• Ngaphandle;
• Charozette;
• Ovret;
• Continulin;
• I-Organometr kunye neempawu.

Ukulawula iipilisi emva kokusebenza

Eli qela lonyango limiselwe kwiimeko ezizimeleyo, xa kuyimfuneko ukuphazamisa ukukhulelwa okulindelekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Ezi pilisi zothintelo zithathwa emva kokusondelana (ngokukhawuleza). Ekuqaleni ukusetyenziswa kwezicwangciso zokukhusela eziphuthumayo kuqalile, kuya kusebenza ngakumbi. Baqumbisa ukufa kweqanda elichumisiweyo (ikhemikhali "yokukhupha isisu").

I-postinor engapheliyo kufuneka yamkelwe ngaphandle kweentsuku ezingama-2 emva kokulalana okungavikelekanga, kwaye ngcono - kwiiyure ezimbalwa zokuqala. Iziyobisi zanamhlanje zisebenza ngokukhawuleza kwaye zikhuselekileyo, kodwa zisebenza ngakumbi. Kufuneka ukuba uphuze iipilisi zokukhusela emva kokusebenza kwisithuba seentsuku eziyi-3-4:

• Umfazi;
• NorLevo;
• Escapel;
• Umfazi;
• ElEva kunye neempawu.

COCs zeMonophase

Le fom yeepilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa iqukethe isilinganiselo sokuhlala kweprogestogen kunye ne-estrogen kwipilisi nganye. I dose yehomoni ezithathiweyo ayitshintshe ngokuxhomekeka kwithuba lokuhamba kwimihla. Izinzuzo zohlobo lokukhulelwa kwimibuzo ngoku:

• iindleko ezibiza;
• jikelele;
• ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka emininzi yamava.

Iipilisi eziphambili zokulawula iipilisi ezivela kwiqela le-COC esisodwa zidlalwa ukuba zonyango lwezifo ezinzulu zesifo somzimba:

• i-uterine fibroids ;
• ii-polycystic ovaries ;
• endometriosis kunye nezinye izifo.

Iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa ngokuzibandakanya eziqhelekileyo-izihloko:

• Ingena;
• UJanine;
• Silhouette;
• Femoden;
• Anova kunye nofana.

COC ezimbini

Olu hlobo lwama-pharmacological agents lenzelwe ukulinganisa inani lamahomoni ahlanganisiweyo athathwe ukuguqulwa komzimba kumzimba wesetyhini ngexesha lokuya esikhathini. Kwiipilisi zokukhusela ezichazwe, kuphela ukuxinwa kwe-estrogen engatshintshiyo. Umthamo weprogesterone uhlukile kwihafu yokuqala kunye nesibini yomjikelezo.

Yiyiphi ipilisi yokukhusela isigaba seqela ezimbini echazwe ngabagqirha:

• Femoston;
• Sequilar;
• I-Neo-Eunomine;
• Adepal;
• Bifazil nabanye.

Iinqanaba zeCOC ezintathu

Kwiphakheji nganye yezilungiselelo ezinjalo ziintlobo ezi-3 zamacwecwe aneengxube ezahlukeneyo zamahomoni. I-COC zesigaba esinezizukulwana ezizayo ziveliswa ngesilinganiso se progesterone kunye ne-estrogen ehambelana nokuguquka kwendalo ngexesha lexesha elithile lexesha lokuya esikhathini (inkohlakalo, i-luteal, ovulation). Indlela evezwe ngayo yokukhulelwa kweso sifundo ayikwazi ukuqwalaselwa ngempumelelo kuneenguqulelo zangaphambili. Amanye amabhinqa afaneleke ngakumbi kwiimonsi okanye i-biphasic agents.

Ziziphi iipilisi zokukhusela kufuneka zithathwe (ukusuka kwiqela elichazwe):

• IMilvan;
• Inceba-emithathu;
• I-Regol emithathu;
• Marvelon;
• Ezingabonakaliyo kunye nezifanane.

Indlela yokusela iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa?

Zonke izithintelo zokukhulelwa zomlomo zisetyenziswe ngokulinganayo. Kubalulekile ukuba utywala lweepilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa luhambelana ngqo nemiyalelo kubo kunye neengcebiso ze-gynecologist. Imithetho ebalulekileyo:

1. Iipilisi zokuqala zithathwa ngomhla wokuqala wokuqala komjikelezo wesini.
2. Iipilisi zokukhusela kufuneka zixakwe imihla ngemihla. Ukuze ungayikhohlwa malunga nayo, kungcono ukugcina ipakethi kwindawo apho intombazana ihlala ihamba khona - isikhwama sokuzicoca, ikhabhinethi kwindawo yokuhlambela, kufuphi nesibuko.
3. Ngenye imini bathabathe iipilisi ezili-1, mhlawumbi ngexesha lokuhlala.
4. Xa iipilisi kwi-blister ziphelile (inani labo zingamaqhekeza angama-21-28), thabatha ikhefu iintsuku ezi-7. Ngethuba leveki, kuya kubakho ukuphuma kwintsholongwane, njengokuya esikhathini. I-exception yiyona yesibini-yesibini, kufuneka inxiliswe ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

1. Ekupheleni kweentsuku ezi-7, qalisa ukusebenzisa i-contraceptive.
2. Ukuba ngokukhawuleza emva kokuthatha ipilisi, ukuhlanza kwenzeka, kufuneka uphuze enye. Kwiiyure ezingama-24 kubalulekile ukungezelela ukukhuselwa yikhondom .
3. Xa ukulahleka ipilisi, kucetyiswa ukuba uthathe ithebhulethi elandelayo ngaphambili. Ukuxolisa umthamo kule meko akunakwenzeka, kukhuthazwa kuphela umqobo wokukhulelwa kokukhulelwa.
4. Xa usebenzisa ezinye izidakamizwa ze-hormonal ngokufanayo, qiniseka ukubonisana nengcali.

Iipilisi zomzimba ezichaphazelekayo

Zonke iziganeko ezihambelanayo ezichaphazelekayo zihlulwe ngokweemeko zibe ngamaqela amabini-amancinci kwaye anzulu. Iipilisi ze-hormonal contraceptive zenza iziphumo ezilandelayo ziphumo ezibi:

• isicefe
• ukuphazamiseka kokutya;
• intloko;
• kunciphisa umnqweno wesini;
• ukuphuma kumfazi phakathi kwesisu;
• inzuzo;
• ukungcola;
• ukuvuvukala kweemida eziphantsi;
• ukuguquka;
• chloasma;
• i-rashes ekhumbeni;
• ubuqhophololo nobubele besifuba;
• ukugqiba ukungabikho kokuya esikhathini;
• ukwanda kweenwele kwimizimba;
• thrush ;
• iifotoensitivity.

Ngamanye amaxesha iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala zikhokelela kwimiphumo emibi:

• hemicranium;
• migraine;
• kutyhafa;
• ukuwa kwamasayithi avela kwintsimi yombono, ukungonakaliswa kobukhali bayo;
• i glaucoma;
• urticaria;
• kunzima ukuthetha;
• iingxaki kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumula (ukukhwehlela okumanzi, ukuchithwa kwe-sputum ye-sputum eninzi, ukuqhuma);
• intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni;
• uxinzelelo lwegazi luya
• thromboses;
• imilenze ye-varicose;
• izifo zokutya;
• myalgia;
• i-jaundice;
• ukukhula kwama-cyst kwi-ovari;
• Ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu kunye nemilenze kwindawo yethole.

Iipilisi zokukhusela - ukuchasene

Abanye abafazi banqatshelwe ukuba basebenzise ukukhulelwa komlomo. Kwimeko yeCOC, akunakwenzeka ukusela iipilisi zolawulo lokuzala ngokuHB (i-lactation), ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye neenyanga ezili-1.5 emva kokubeleka. Okunye ukuchasene nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi:

• izifo zesifo;
• ukukhubazeka kwesibindi;
• herpes;
• Ukutshaya, ngokukodwa kwiminyaka engama-35 nangaphezulu;
• i-migraine yendalo engaziwayo;
• izifo zenhliziyo;
• ukuphuma egazini lomzimba;
• umonakalo wezintso;
• Uxinzelelo lwe-2-3 degrees;
• ukungahambi ixesha elide;
• nomhlaza;
• ukugqithisa (ngaphezulu kwe-30% yesiqhelo);
• isifo sikashukela;
• isifo se-system coagulation system;
• i-rheumatoid arthritis;
• thyrotoxicosis;
• i-asthma ye-bronchial;
• Isifo sikaGilbert;
• i-retinitis ye-pigment kunye nabanye.

Xa ebuzwa ukuba kunokwenzeka yini ukusela iipilisi zolawulo lokubeletha nge-progesin ecocekileyo ngexesha lokutya, oogqirha basabela kakuhle. Iipilisi ze-mini azichaphazeli ubisi kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zinokuphikiswa okuncinci:

• ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic ku-anamnesis;
• i-oncology;
• yesifo sesibindi;
• ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi;
• ukuphuma kwamanzi ngesisu.

Ukucinywa kolawulo lweepilisi zokuzalwa

Oogqirha abaqhubekayo banokumisela ukukhulelwa komlomo ngexesha elide, kubalwa kwiminyaka nangamawaka eminyaka. Kwangexesha elide, inkqubo yokuzala ihambelana nokudliwa kwamahomoni ukusuka ngaphandle, ngoko emva kokukhanselwa kwayo, kunokubakho ukuguquka kwemizwelo, ukungazinzi komjikelezo, intlungu engaphantsi kwesisu kunye nezinye iimpawu. Azingabangelwa ziipilisi zokukhusela kwabasetyhini, kodwa ngokubuyela komzimba kumsebenzi wendalo kunye nokulungiselela ukuchumisa. Xa imvelaphi ye-hormonal igxininisa, iimpawu ezinjalo ziya kutshabalala ngokwazo.