Ngonyaka, ngokweengcaciso ye-World Health Organisation, abafazi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-46 banqunywe ukupheliswa kokukhulelwa komzimba. Abangama-40% bavakalisa umnqweno wabo, abanye baya ekukhipheni isisu kwiimpawu zonyango okanye ngenxa yeemeko zobomi.
Izibalo zokukhupha izisu ehlabathini
Inani lokukhipha izisu ehlabathini lihamba kancane kodwa liyancipha. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bajamelana neengxaki ezinkulu - ukukhupha isisu. Inani labo likhula ngokungenakukhula. Okokuqala, imisebenzi engekho mthethweni iyenziwa ngabahlali bamazwe eMzantsi Melika naseAfrika, kwiindawo ezininzi zokukhupha izisu zivumelekile.
Izindlela ezingekho mthethweni zikhokelela kwimiphumo emibi. Abafazi abangamawaka angama-70, ngoogqirha, babulawa ngenxa yokukhupha isisu.
Namhlanje, iinkcukacha zokukhupha isisu ngeyona nto kunzima ukubiza umnqophiso-abaninzi babo abakwazi ukurekhoda ngenxa yokuvalwa kwemvume. Ke kunjalo:
- Inani eliphezulu kakhulu lokukhupha isisu e-Asia;
- okuqhubekayo yiMpuma Yurophu;
- I-North America ilandele i-21% yaloo ntengiso;
- eNtshona Yurophu, malunga ne-16%.
Izibalo zokukhupha isisu eRashiya
Kwixesha elide leli lizwe lalikhokela ngokubhekiselele kwinani lokukhupha izisu. Kwiminyaka engama-90 kwaba ngamaxesha ama-3-4 aphezulu kunani lokukhupha isisu e-US, kwaye ngo-15 - eJamani. Emuva ngo-2004, iZizwe eziManyeneyo zibeka iRashiya kuqala kwihlabathi ngokwemiqathango yokukhupha isisu. Namhlanje, inani liye lahla kakhulu, kodwa lihlala liphezulu. Ngokutsho kwemithombo eyahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwesinye nesiqingatha ukuya kwizigidi ezizigidi eziziintombi zixazululwa minyaka yonke eRashiya ukuphazamiseka kokukhulelwa . Le yimibolo esemthethweni yokukhupha izisu - oogqirha bathi ukuba inani kufuneka liphindwe kabini.
Amazwe aseCIS
Inani elikhulu lokukhupha izisu ngokuzalwa kwama-100 kwithuba lonke laseSoviet lalingelwa yiRashiya, lilandelwa nguMoldova neByelorussia. Namhlanje umgangatho kumazwe e-CIS ufana neRashiya. Ngaloo ndlela, izibalo zokukhupha isisu e-Ukraine zibonisa ukuba inani lalo msebenzi liye linciphisa ngamaxesha angama-10 kwiminyaka eyi-10. Phantse i-20% yama-Ukrainiya qho ngonyaka ukugqiba ukuphazamisa ukukhulelwa, kwaye ngamabhinqa amawaka angama-230.